In terms of the bible quote you bring up, I'd love if you could give us some reasons why we should take the bible as infallible or true.
This has nothing to do with the Bible being infallible, but a claim by Paul in a letter to the Romans. Is
that claim true?
At the time Paul wrote it, yes. If nothing else, the designs in living organisms was overwhelming evidence that God exists. Since that time the evidence is not as overwhelming as Paul claimed.
Atheism is merely the rejection of the claim "a god or gods exists". That's it. So atheism can only exist if there are god claims being asserted. I would never say "there is no god" unless I had proper justification for that statement (which I don't think to be likely, at least not in my lifetime). What I do say is that, for all the claims of gods that have been asserted to me, I do not see proper justification for believing that any of them actually exist. Hopefully that clears that up a bit.
It clears it up, but brings up atheist dogma that we know is wrong. Yes, you may be able to start out saying atheism is simply a "rejection" of the claim that deity exists. However, even that rejection is a belief. You
believe no deities exist.
Let's take this out of the realm of religion to test how we use language. Let's take the claim "the earth is 4.55 billion years old." If I say "I reject that claim", isn't that the same as saying "I believe the earth is not 4.5 billion years old."? Or the claim "Human life begins at conception" and say "I reject that claim." Aren't you saying "I believe human life does not begin at conception."?
Even without theism, there would be the equivalent of atheism. The reason is that, once you make the intiial "I reject the claim that deity exists", you then have to make further statements of belief. See your "I do not see proper justification for believing"? That means you are going to have to believe "justification" (= evidence) is wrong. For starters, you are going to have to believe that the accounts of personal encounters with deity in the Bible did not happen. After all, if they did happen, that would constitute "proper justification", wouldn't it? There are other beliefs you
must have to be an atheist.
Again, your bible quote sounds great and all, but until you can demonstrate to me that it is the infallible word of a god, I have no reason to think it is meaningful to our conversation.
That's a red herring. First, the quote doesn't even refer to things
in the Bible, but to the broader world outside the Bible. Second, the Bible doesn't have to be "the infallible word of a god" to make accurate statements about the existence of a god. It can have errors in it, doesn't have to be written or even inspired by a deity, but can have accurate accounts of encounters of human beings with deity. For instance, if the story of Moses and the Burning Bush is accurate, that is evidence for the existence of Yaheh. Moses can write the account and Moses can make mistakes in other areas.
As a comparison,
Vestiges of Creation isn't infallible, and the author wasn't stated, but it is meaningful in a discussion of the history of evolution.
In terms of common ground to start from, unfortunately you have so divorced yourself from reality that I fear we may not have any at all, but I will throw out a few basic points to begin with, and we can see where we diverge:
2. All claims need to be backed up by proper evidence. Throwing in a bible quote in no way constitute evidence until it can be demonstrated that the bible is indeed divinely authored.
Again, strawman. It's not necessary for the Bible to be divinely authored to be accurate. Now, define "proper evidence", please.
3. Logic, reason, science, skepticism, rational discourse, these are the tools of learning and discovering more about the world around us. Proposing any reasonable debate to start with "the reality of Jesus" demonstrates your lack of proper application of these.
No it doesn't. Instead, it simply means that we cut to the
conclusion of reason, evidence, skepticism, and rational discourse. After all, if I say "the reality of evolution" as a starting point to discuss creation, I am not demonstrating a lack of proper application of the points you made, am I?
The issue is that you
disagree with the conclusion. That's OK. However, that does not mean you have any evidence that the use of the "tools of learning and discovering" were omitted.