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Why the Protestant view of the Cross is wrong.

Albion

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I don't think so, but I still prefer calling it the Penal Substitution theory.
 
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LittleLambofJesus

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I don't think so, but I still prefer calling it the Penal Substitution theory.
I didn't realize that was so controversial, but then, I have never really studied on it much....


http://www.christianforums.com/t7447986/
Is there scriptural proof for Penal Substitution Atonement?



Penal substitution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Early Church

In scholarly literature it has been generally recognised for some time that the penal substitution theory was not taught in the Early Church.[1][2][3][4][5][9][10][12] The ransom theory of atonement in conjunction with the moral influence view was nearly universally accepted in this early period.[13][14][15] Christian theologians, particularly from the fourth century AD onward, began to hold a variety of other atonement ideas in addition to this view, particularly the Ransom theory of atonement.[16]

Controversy around atonement doctrine in the early centuries centred on Athanasius' promotion of a mystical view in which Christ had brought salvation through the incarnation itself, by combining both God and humanity in one flesh.[17] This view of atonement required that Jesus be fully divine and fully human simultaneously, and Athanasius became embroiled in controversies on the Trinity and Christology as a result.


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prov1810

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The early church did not have a single theory of the atonement. It's not a simple thing. It satisfies God's justice, it purifies us, it redeems and rescues us, and it sets an example for us.

The gospel is Jesus. The Incarnation is redemptive and salvation was proclaimed by the angels at His birth. In the resurrection He has destroyed the prison cell of death from the inside.

So I don't want to make one doctrine the be-all. And I accept as a brother or sister anyone who looks to Jesus as salvation.
 
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Crandaddy

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While it is certainly true that there is a Divine law that we violate when we sin, and that must be satisfied by Christ if we are to be saved, this should not be understood to mean that Christ is some sort of Divine whipping boy Who is literally punished in an extrinsic sense so that we don't have to be. Rather, sin incurs real damage to our personal ontology, and this damage is its own punishment, tormenting the damned when they stand in God's presence. What Christ does in the atonement is repair that damage, making up for it in His perfect offering of Himself, and thereby transforming us into genuine persons.
 
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bling

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The “link” given in the OP is only against the idea of Penal Substitution and said: “…popularly called "Satisfaction," which will hopefully be covered in a future post

So can you explain your understanding of the: “Satisfaction theory of Atonement”?

I have no problem with what all you see as the problems with Penal Substitution, which is not exclusive to any one group.

Why is the satisfaction theory not also a substitution?
 
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A "sin offering" is a specific kind of Levitical Sacrifice, found in Leviticus 4-5. So you must base your understanding of "sin offering" on how the Bible describes it. And when you look at those sections of Scripture, you'll see that never was a transfer of punishment taking place on the animals. The animals sacrificed as "sin offerings" were not taking the death penalty in place of the sinner, and there is good evidence for this (e.g. see the link in the opening post).

Hanging on a tree was done by men! It was a physical death inflicted by the Jews and Romans. That's not the same as God's Eternal Wrath being poured out on, e.g., a soul in hell.
Note that Paul explicitly says this was a "redemption," meaning His being hung on a tree acted as a payment of sorts, not a punishment.
Don't read more into the Scripture than what is warranted.

The term "for" in Greek does not really refer to substitution, but rather 'on behalf of', an important distinction. Note how 1 John 3:16 says just as Jesus laid down his life "for" us, so we ought to lay down our lives "for" our brethren. See how this makes no sense if laying down your life "for" another signifies a PSub situation? It would mean Christians are called to act as penal substitutes for their brethren, which is absurd.

The key term here is "chastisement," which the NIV wrongly translates as "punishment." A chastisement is about fatherly correction, which is different from a judicial retributive punishment. In other words, hellfire is not chastisement. Christians can still be chastised, even if they're not deserving of hellfire. This term alone undermines any PSub reading of this text.

These words are deliberately color-coded because the same Hebrew term appears elsewhere in Scripture, in important texts I'll now cite.
Is 53:5 But he was wounded for our transgressions; he was bruised for our iniquities; upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace, and with his stripes we are healed.


Job 6:9 that it would please God to bruise me [Job]
Job 5:17 blessed is the one whom God reproves; therefore despise not the discipline of the Almighty
Prov 20:30 Stripes that wound cleanse away evil; strokes make clean the innermost parts.
Notice how the Bible says God "bruised" and "chastised" good men, like Job, who were not under God's wrath. Rather, God let them endure these things for a purpose other than punishing them.

When the text says "the Lord has laid on Him our iniquity," this refers to God placing the responsibility of making atonement on Jesus' shoulders. This is seen two ways. First, when the OT speaks of "bearing sin," it refers to the High Priest taking the responsibility of making atonement for the people. It does not mean the High Priest takes their guilt and receives their punishment. Second, a few verses down in Isaiah 53:12, the same term for "laid on" from verse 5 appears, but this time in v12 it's translated as "made intercession for"!

By His stripes - flogging is punishment.
Jesus was whipped by the Romans, but this doesn't mean he was enduring the Father's wrath.

He was punished by God: "It pleased the LORD to bruise Him" (v. 10)
See above.

We are healed - our backs are spared - substituion.
We being healed does not mean our backs are spared. That's logically fallacious and exegetically unwarranted. That's like saying I was injured and healed in a hospital and so any legal punishments due to me went away. Rather, what Christ endured ended up bringing healing to us.

The early church did not have a single theory of the atonement.
This is misleading and a bit oversimplified. While they didn't go into details about the atonement, the early church never spoke of it as Jesus being punished by the Father, and they especially never spoke of the Father dumping His Wrath on Jesus! Think about that for a bit. Consider that if PSub is true, then the early church failed to understand a key element of salvation.

The only reason why Protestants came up with the idea of Penal Substitution was because it was crucial for upholding their new doctrine of Justification by Faith Alone.
 
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Albion

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The only reason why Protestants came up with the idea of Penal Substitution was because it was crucial for upholding their new doctrine of Justification by Faith Alone.

Nice try...I guess. But that theory doesn't hold water because the two concepts are not dependent upon each other.
 
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prov1810

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Never? The Patristics were an eclectic bunch and they've been proof-texted on this going all the way back to Clement's Epistle to the Corinthians. I cannot post links but they are easy to find. And of course the significance of these texts is a matter of robust debate. At any rate, the priorities of a particular stage of church history are not the final authority, and that goes for the 16th century as well.

What, really, is the problem with substitution? Is it considered cruel? To me it's awe-inspiring that God would incarnate Himself and endure the pain of divine justice to spare His enemies. It silences any pretence of virtue or merit we might have about ourselves. I do not call this supremely heroic act of love "barbaric".
 
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ViaCrucis

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-CryptoLutheran
 
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Standing Up

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-snip-

Hanging on a tree was done by men! It was a physical death inflicted by the Jews and Romans. That's not the same as God's Eternal Wrath being poured out on, e.g., a soul in hell. -snip-

Wrong. It was the same.

Deut. 21:23 His body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury him that day; (for he that is hanged [is] accursed of God that thy land be not defiled, which the LORD thy God giveth thee [for] an inheritance.

So, Gal 3:13 Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed [is] every one that hangeth on a tree:

Cursed (verb). By God. Made a curse (noun). By God.

We were cursed (separated from God) by the Law. The penalty was death and being dead, hanging on the tree. Christ was made the curse and thus redeemed (paid the penalty of death, cursed, separated from God) us.
 
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def

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When you say "made sin means he is made a sin offering," what you are saying is that he was the sacrifice for atonement, which is the Protestant position.

I think what it means is: he was made to suffer the consequence of sin, which is death, even though he was sinless.
 
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bornofGod888

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^^^THIS^^^
 
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brinny

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Rather than quotes from men, perhaps God's Word should be posted. It's not about man and his opinions one way or the other. It's about God and His Word. He tells us quite clearly why His only begotten Son was sent here and put to death, doesn't He? As a matter of fact the entire Gospel (good news) hinges on it. Doesn't it?
 
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Nice try...I guess. But that theory doesn't hold water because the two concepts are not dependent upon each other.
They are though. Christ's Passive Obedience (Penal Substitution) is a component of the imputed righteousness of Christ which they sinner receives by faith in order to be justified. Think about it: one's view of the Atonement directly impacts their view of salvation/justification.

Give a few quotes from any Church Father that plainly says Jesus endured His Father's wrath. I've never seen such a quote.

The main problem is that it's false. It's simply not what the Bible teaches. That alone should be your main concern. If the Bible doesn't teach it, then it doesn't matter how awe inspiring it is, it's not a correct view.

Curse here refers to a humiliating death. It does not refer to God's Wrath in the sense of a sinner suffering hellfire. In other words, he that is hanged is suffering a humiliating death.

While you are partly right, that isn't the Calvinist Protestant position exactly. The Lutheran-Calvinist view is more specific, that the death Jesus endured was not so much a physical as it was a spiritual one, invisibly taking place on his soul, by His Father venting His Wrath, as a sinner in hell endures it.
 
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I quote these Protestant scholars precisely because what they're saying isn't Scriptural. That's the point. It's about traditions of men versus the Word of God. The Bible tells us that Jesus died a physical death at the hands of the Romans. Nowhere do they say Jesus endured the Father's Wrath and nowhere do they indicate the suffering was principally spiritual.

And yes, you're right, the Gospel does hinge on a correct view of the Cross, so it's very urgent that Penal Substitution be abandoned.
 
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brinny

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Post God's Word to support your view. Thank you for sharing your opinion, as everyone has, however it is His Word that speaks for God, and just as Jesus quoted it in the desert with satan, so are we to quote it, for it IS powerful, and speaks for itself, cutting through even the soul and the spirit, and it accomplishes all that God sends it out to do.

Let His Word speak for itself. It surely will.
 
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Albion

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IMO, any of these versions of the Atonement are compatible with Salvation by Faith.
 
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I did. Re-read the opening post. Re-read the second post. Re-read my various comments.

IMO, any of these versions of the Atonement are compatible with Salvation by Faith.
Any view of the Atonement can be compatible with *A* form of Salvation by Faith Alone....BUT the historic Lutheran-Calvinist version of Salvation by Faith Alone is based upon the PSub view. Though most Protestants don't know it, there are true versions and false versions of "Salvation by Faith Alone".
 
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