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Tongues: There purpose & why it's not the normative pattern today.
They were public verification, prophesied in advance & given at major New‑Covenant expansion moments.
Deut 14:2 God chooses Israel & for over 1400 yrs the Nation lives under Mosaic law. The book of Acts maps the transition from the old‑covenant Levitical priesthood (retired at Jesus' resurrection) to the priestly order of Melchizedek. A transition from law to grace. The law demanded works to receive blessings, grace freely supplies blessings based on faith in Jesus' finished, sacrificial, sin‑atoning work
In Acts 1:4 Jesus gives a promise & in Acts 1:8 He maps out a global evangelistic mission: beginning at Jerusalem (Temple Mount, Pentecost), then Judea, then Samaria & finally to the uttermost parts of the earth
TONGUES:
Tongues fulfilled two prophetic streams: Joel‑SIGNS > Spirit outpouring. Isaiah‑SIGNS > judgment sign to Israel & Covenant‑transition signs > verifying each new group entering the New Covenant.
Tongues were a SIGN, not a condition. Paul states the purpose plainly: "Tongues are for a sign to unbelievers." (1 Cor 14:22). "A sign to onlookers" - Not a sign to the speaker, NOT a sign of salvation & Not a condition for receiving the Spirit.
TONGUES EVENTS:
Acts 2 — Israel only. Purpose: launch of the New Covenant. Audience: Devout Jews from every nation. Result: Peter preaches, 3,000 saved. Meaning: God has begun the last days (Joel 2)
Acts 10 — Gentiles, Purpose: Prove Gentiles were accepted before water baptism, Audience: Jewish believers who doubted Gentile inclusion, Result: Peter commands water baptism after Spirit baptism, Meaning: God makes no distinction (Acts 11:17–18)
Acts 19 — Disciples of John, Purpose: Transition old‑covenant disciples into the gospel. Audience: 12 men who had never heard of the Spirit. Result: They receive the Spirit after hearing the gospel. Meaning: John's baptism is obsolete.
Acts 8 — Samaritans, (no tongues recorded, but Spirit given) Purpose: Unite Jews & Samaritans under apostolic authority. Audience: Apostles must witness it. Meaning: Samaritan are no longer a rival sect.
NOTICE THE PATTERN:
Jews only > Samaritans > Gentiles > John's disciples. Once all groups are included, ""the SIGN is no longer needed"".
Tongues appear only when a new covenant group is added. Not every at every baptism, not with every conversion.
Tongues were never universal in the book of Acts. Thousands were saved in Acts 2, 3k saved, Acts 4:4, 5k men saved, Acts 8:39, Ethiopian eunuch, Acts 9, Paul saved, Acts 11:21, "a great number believed, Acts 16, Lydia & Phil jailer saved, Acts 17, Thessalonians saved, Acts 18, Corinthians saved, Acts 19:18, many saved. NONE OF THESE MENTIONED INCLUE TONGUES.
This is where the "tongues = salvation" doctrine" fails. Paul asks: Do all speak with tongues? (1 Cor 12:30) Paul says: Gifts differ (1 Cor 12:4–6). The Spirit distributes as He wills (1 Cor 12:11). Not all have the same gifts (1 Cor 12:29–30)
WHY TONGUES THEN
OT Prophesy fulfilment. Tongues in Acts were a covenant‑transitional SIGN & Scripture itself explains what kind of SIGN they were.
Paul quotes Isaiah 28:11 (with stammering lips and another tongue) in 1 Cor 14:21 to show that tongues were a judgment sign to unbelieving Israel. God speaking to them through foreign languages because they rejected His word.
This matches Acts 2, where the gathered crowds included:
“Parthians, Medes, Elamites, dwellers in Mesopotamia, Judea, Cappadocia, Pontus, Asia, Phrygia, Pamphylia, Egypt, parts of Libya about Cyrene, strangers of Rome, Jews and proselytes, Cretes and Arabians…” (Acts 2:9–11)
The disciples were speaking foreign human languages, exactly as Isaiah predicted. The people gathered heard them in their own native tongue.
Once the gospel reached Jews, Samaritans, Gentiles & Old‑covenant leftovers, there were no more groups left to validate & no further Isa 28, judgment SIGN was needed. The tongues SIGN had done its job.
WHY TONGUES NOW
Paul teaches that tongues today are optional spiritual gifts of edification
They are NOT a requirement or proof or salvation, NOT tied to receiving the Spirit, NOT tied to water baptism & NOT tied to covenant transitions (those are complete)
Tongues are permissible during a church assembly only when interpreter is present. When tongues & interpretation operate together, the result is equivalent to prophecy.
1 Corinthians 14:1–2 (Tongues Prayer Gift)
Paul describes the personal prayer-tongue as a GIFT exercised between the believer & God alone. It is for personal edification, not public communication. The one praying does not understand what he is saying, his spirit prays while the meaning remains hidden. He speaks mysteries in the Spirit & his understanding is unfruitful.
Paul even says he "speaks in tongues more than you all" (14:18), showing his heavy private use.
During an assembly gathering, speaking in tongues requires someone with the GIFT of interpretation. Together these spiritual GIFTS turn a private Spirit‑spoken mystery into an intelligible message that edifies the whole church.
Paul also ties gift‑operation to faith:
Rom 12:6 We have different gifts, according to the grace given to each of us. If your gift is prophesying, then prophesy in accordance with your faith.
These gifts are available to any believer with the FAITH to access them.
You can find more on spiritual gifts here: Rom 12:3–8, 1 Cor chapters 12,13 & 14, Eph 4:7–16
They were public verification, prophesied in advance & given at major New‑Covenant expansion moments.
Deut 14:2 God chooses Israel & for over 1400 yrs the Nation lives under Mosaic law. The book of Acts maps the transition from the old‑covenant Levitical priesthood (retired at Jesus' resurrection) to the priestly order of Melchizedek. A transition from law to grace. The law demanded works to receive blessings, grace freely supplies blessings based on faith in Jesus' finished, sacrificial, sin‑atoning work
In Acts 1:4 Jesus gives a promise & in Acts 1:8 He maps out a global evangelistic mission: beginning at Jerusalem (Temple Mount, Pentecost), then Judea, then Samaria & finally to the uttermost parts of the earth
TONGUES:
Tongues fulfilled two prophetic streams: Joel‑SIGNS > Spirit outpouring. Isaiah‑SIGNS > judgment sign to Israel & Covenant‑transition signs > verifying each new group entering the New Covenant.
Tongues were a SIGN, not a condition. Paul states the purpose plainly: "Tongues are for a sign to unbelievers." (1 Cor 14:22). "A sign to onlookers" - Not a sign to the speaker, NOT a sign of salvation & Not a condition for receiving the Spirit.
TONGUES EVENTS:
Acts 2 — Israel only. Purpose: launch of the New Covenant. Audience: Devout Jews from every nation. Result: Peter preaches, 3,000 saved. Meaning: God has begun the last days (Joel 2)
Acts 10 — Gentiles, Purpose: Prove Gentiles were accepted before water baptism, Audience: Jewish believers who doubted Gentile inclusion, Result: Peter commands water baptism after Spirit baptism, Meaning: God makes no distinction (Acts 11:17–18)
Acts 19 — Disciples of John, Purpose: Transition old‑covenant disciples into the gospel. Audience: 12 men who had never heard of the Spirit. Result: They receive the Spirit after hearing the gospel. Meaning: John's baptism is obsolete.
Acts 8 — Samaritans, (no tongues recorded, but Spirit given) Purpose: Unite Jews & Samaritans under apostolic authority. Audience: Apostles must witness it. Meaning: Samaritan are no longer a rival sect.
NOTICE THE PATTERN:
Jews only > Samaritans > Gentiles > John's disciples. Once all groups are included, ""the SIGN is no longer needed"".
Tongues appear only when a new covenant group is added. Not every at every baptism, not with every conversion.
Tongues were never universal in the book of Acts. Thousands were saved in Acts 2, 3k saved, Acts 4:4, 5k men saved, Acts 8:39, Ethiopian eunuch, Acts 9, Paul saved, Acts 11:21, "a great number believed, Acts 16, Lydia & Phil jailer saved, Acts 17, Thessalonians saved, Acts 18, Corinthians saved, Acts 19:18, many saved. NONE OF THESE MENTIONED INCLUE TONGUES.
This is where the "tongues = salvation" doctrine" fails. Paul asks: Do all speak with tongues? (1 Cor 12:30) Paul says: Gifts differ (1 Cor 12:4–6). The Spirit distributes as He wills (1 Cor 12:11). Not all have the same gifts (1 Cor 12:29–30)
WHY TONGUES THEN
OT Prophesy fulfilment. Tongues in Acts were a covenant‑transitional SIGN & Scripture itself explains what kind of SIGN they were.
Paul quotes Isaiah 28:11 (with stammering lips and another tongue) in 1 Cor 14:21 to show that tongues were a judgment sign to unbelieving Israel. God speaking to them through foreign languages because they rejected His word.
This matches Acts 2, where the gathered crowds included:
“Parthians, Medes, Elamites, dwellers in Mesopotamia, Judea, Cappadocia, Pontus, Asia, Phrygia, Pamphylia, Egypt, parts of Libya about Cyrene, strangers of Rome, Jews and proselytes, Cretes and Arabians…” (Acts 2:9–11)
The disciples were speaking foreign human languages, exactly as Isaiah predicted. The people gathered heard them in their own native tongue.
Once the gospel reached Jews, Samaritans, Gentiles & Old‑covenant leftovers, there were no more groups left to validate & no further Isa 28, judgment SIGN was needed. The tongues SIGN had done its job.
WHY TONGUES NOW
Paul teaches that tongues today are optional spiritual gifts of edification
They are NOT a requirement or proof or salvation, NOT tied to receiving the Spirit, NOT tied to water baptism & NOT tied to covenant transitions (those are complete)
Tongues are permissible during a church assembly only when interpreter is present. When tongues & interpretation operate together, the result is equivalent to prophecy.
1 Corinthians 14:1–2 (Tongues Prayer Gift)
Paul describes the personal prayer-tongue as a GIFT exercised between the believer & God alone. It is for personal edification, not public communication. The one praying does not understand what he is saying, his spirit prays while the meaning remains hidden. He speaks mysteries in the Spirit & his understanding is unfruitful.
Paul even says he "speaks in tongues more than you all" (14:18), showing his heavy private use.
During an assembly gathering, speaking in tongues requires someone with the GIFT of interpretation. Together these spiritual GIFTS turn a private Spirit‑spoken mystery into an intelligible message that edifies the whole church.
Paul also ties gift‑operation to faith:
Rom 12:6 We have different gifts, according to the grace given to each of us. If your gift is prophesying, then prophesy in accordance with your faith.
These gifts are available to any believer with the FAITH to access them.
You can find more on spiritual gifts here: Rom 12:3–8, 1 Cor chapters 12,13 & 14, Eph 4:7–16
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