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Discussion and Debate
Discussion and Debate
Physical & Life Sciences
Scientific Proof For The Existence of God/ Heaven
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<blockquote data-quote="FrumiousBandersnatch" data-source="post: 73860435" data-attributes="member: 241055"><p>Not exactly. It means that measurement apparatus, whether it's an electronic instrument or an observer's eyeball, is also a quantum system, and so can be in a superposition of states.</p><p></p><p>When the observation (a quantum interaction) is made, the measuring apparatus is entangled with the quantum system being observed, joining its superposition - e.g. apparatus measures spin-up + apparatus measures spin-down, or eye sees spin-up + eye sees spin-down. As the environment (for example, the rest of the observer) interacts with the measurement apparatus, this superposition spreads out into it extremely rapidly, creating effectively separate branches of the wavefunction.</p><p></p><p>So when the observer observes a quantum system, they rapidly become entangled in a superposition of all the possible observation states of that system as defined by its wavefunction. This is what the rules of quantum mechanics specify.</p><p></p><p>However, you, as an observer, only ever see one aspect of that superposition because the you that made the observation is now a superposition of you's, each of which sees the single outcome corresponding to a particular state of the superposition. The spreading of the superposition out into the environment, including the whole observer, is called decoherence, and establishes the separate branches of the universal wavefunction, e.g. a branch where a particle was observed to be spin-up, and a branch where it was observed to be spin-down.</p><p></p><p>So when you observe an apparatus, in a superposition of measurement states, you join that superposition and become 'versions' of you that each see one of those states as the result of the observation. IOW we're all quantum systems obeying the rules of quantum mechanics, and we're all part of the universe's wavefunction which is branching all the time.</p><p></p><p>It's been empirically demonstrated that you can put even <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/nanoclast/semiconductors/nanotechnology/a-quantum-drum-brings-quantum-mechanics-to-the-macroscale" target="_blank">relatively large objects into identifiable superpositions</a>, by isolating them from quantum interactions and making indirect tests of the object state. But as soon as an object interacts and becomes entangled with the environment, which the lab experimenters are part of, the object's superposition appears to go away, because now the experimenters are part of it and each 'version' of their superposition only sees a single state rather than a superposition of states.</p><p></p><p>That's (roughly) how the 'Many Worlds' interpretation describes things.</p><p></p><p>The Copenhagen interpretations say that at some undefined point before it reaches the 'macro' scale, the wavefunction collapses and a single state in the superposition is somehow selected to become real, with a probability described by the wavefunction.</p><p></p><p>Another interpretation, Bohmian mechanics (or the 'pilot-wave' model) avoids the whole business by proposing that the particle is real the whole time and is guided by a real wave that accompanies it and causes the appearance of wave behaviour by the particle.</p><p></p><p>Pick whichever interpretation you prefer.</p><p></p><p>[I'm not an expert in this, so some of the details may not be entirely correct]</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="FrumiousBandersnatch, post: 73860435, member: 241055"] Not exactly. It means that measurement apparatus, whether it's an electronic instrument or an observer's eyeball, is also a quantum system, and so can be in a superposition of states. When the observation (a quantum interaction) is made, the measuring apparatus is entangled with the quantum system being observed, joining its superposition - e.g. apparatus measures spin-up + apparatus measures spin-down, or eye sees spin-up + eye sees spin-down. As the environment (for example, the rest of the observer) interacts with the measurement apparatus, this superposition spreads out into it extremely rapidly, creating effectively separate branches of the wavefunction. So when the observer observes a quantum system, they rapidly become entangled in a superposition of all the possible observation states of that system as defined by its wavefunction. This is what the rules of quantum mechanics specify. However, you, as an observer, only ever see one aspect of that superposition because the you that made the observation is now a superposition of you's, each of which sees the single outcome corresponding to a particular state of the superposition. The spreading of the superposition out into the environment, including the whole observer, is called decoherence, and establishes the separate branches of the universal wavefunction, e.g. a branch where a particle was observed to be spin-up, and a branch where it was observed to be spin-down. So when you observe an apparatus, in a superposition of measurement states, you join that superposition and become 'versions' of you that each see one of those states as the result of the observation. IOW we're all quantum systems obeying the rules of quantum mechanics, and we're all part of the universe's wavefunction which is branching all the time. It's been empirically demonstrated that you can put even [URL='https://spectrum.ieee.org/nanoclast/semiconductors/nanotechnology/a-quantum-drum-brings-quantum-mechanics-to-the-macroscale']relatively large objects into identifiable superpositions[/URL], by isolating them from quantum interactions and making indirect tests of the object state. But as soon as an object interacts and becomes entangled with the environment, which the lab experimenters are part of, the object's superposition appears to go away, because now the experimenters are part of it and each 'version' of their superposition only sees a single state rather than a superposition of states. That's (roughly) how the 'Many Worlds' interpretation describes things. The Copenhagen interpretations say that at some undefined point before it reaches the 'macro' scale, the wavefunction collapses and a single state in the superposition is somehow selected to become real, with a probability described by the wavefunction. Another interpretation, Bohmian mechanics (or the 'pilot-wave' model) avoids the whole business by proposing that the particle is real the whole time and is guided by a real wave that accompanies it and causes the appearance of wave behaviour by the particle. Pick whichever interpretation you prefer. [I'm not an expert in this, so some of the details may not be entirely correct] [/QUOTE]
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