This parallels somewhat with Rafaels post on soul
The idiom immortality of the soul is a subjective term whose definition can vary with, and within those individuals of either a philosophical or religious stance. Seeing as the term carries more religious connotations it would seem prudent to seek the definition from where it derived.
According to most religious beliefs the soul is immortal and lives on after death to await the judgment of God; this in religious terms is called somatic death.
The definition from the Bible gives a very different explanation, thus making the soul mortal not immortal. If you follow the scriptures and the Hebrew words used to define soul, its conclusion according to the Bible will show that there is no immortality to the soul, but rather our immortality lies within spirit. I Peter 1:23 Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever.
Genesis 2:7 And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul. {Nepesh chai}
Soul is what gives the body life, our breath life.
The natural man the {five senses man} is comprised of body and soul.
Both man, as well as animals, have soul life.
Genesis 1
:30 And to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to every thing
that creepeth upon the earth, wherein there is life, I have given every green herb for meat: and it was so.
:20 And God said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath life, and fowl that may fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven.
The words life are the words nepesh = soul
:21 And God created great whales, and every living creature that moveth, which the waters brought forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged fowl after his kind: and God saw that it was good
:24 And God said, Let the earth bring forth the living creature after his kind, cattle, and creeping thing, and beast of the earth after his kind: and it was so.
Genesis 2:19 And out of the ground the LORD God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air; and brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them: and whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof.
the word creature is the word nepesh = soul
The word living is the word chai meaning moving soul or moving life. Nepesh chai is always used as living life or living soul.
Where is the soul?
As Leviticus 17:11 states the life of the flesh is in the blood...
The word lifein Leviticus 17:11 is the same word for soul {nepesh}
There is no immortality, or transmigration of the soul. Soul simply means alive people; that which gives life to the body. When one dies
.. ceases to exist
. takes his last breath
.. the soul itself being breath life, also ceases. Neither does soul give reference to a believer, as Acts states.
Acts 27:37 And we were in all in the ship two hundred threescore and sixteen souls.
With the exception of Paul and Luke, the rest of the people on board this ship were unbelievers; so soul cannot be making reference to one who is a Christian
In conclusion immortality of the soul does not exist according to biblical terminology it only exists only as an idiom within Philosophy and an false belief with some in Christendom.
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H e double hockey sticks
.
The word hell.
Somehow we have adapted the meaning, which the Greeks have put upon this word and we have been synonymous in our definition with sheol, hades, gehenna, katakaio, and tartaros as that of eternal torment. They are not the same, and as much as people have told me quite often to go visit that place,
. the word sheol/hades is more accurately defined as a state rather then a place. Gravedom is a word coined I believe by E W Bullinger, and is a great word for hell; it is the state or the reign (dom = reign) of being in the grave, I am not talking about the grave itself. (qeber)
Disregarding the meaning that is placed on the word hell today, the Bibles definition is; the state of being when one dies, its a continuing state until the resurrection.
Sheol {Hebrew} and Hades {Greek} are basically the two words we will be looking at, both meaning grave or gravedom. Sheol is translated grave 31 times, hell 31 times, and pit 3 times. Hades is translated hell 10, times and grave 1 time. The standard for truth in defining words has got to come from the Word itself, not from the meaning (s) attached to it, which is where the confusion comes in.
In Greek mythology Hades was the god of the underworld and his name came to represent this fictitious place that we understand as Hell. The Septuagint was a second century B.C. Greek translation of the Old Testament and in it the word Hades was chosen as the counterpart to the Hebrew Sheol.
As is done with Sheol, many English versions of the Bible erroneously translate the Greek word Hades as hell rather than grave. As E. W. Bullinger states The Old Testament is the fountain-head of the Hebrew language. It has no literature behind it. But the case is entirely different with the Greek language. The Hebrew word Sheol is divine in its origin and usage. The Greek Hades is human in its nature and come down laden with centuries of development, in which it has acquired new senses, meaning and usages.
The English word hell has taken on the mythological Greek meaning associated with the pagan idea of an underworld where the dead continue to live on in torment.
The Interpreters Dictionary of the Bible {1962 vol. 1 p788} states Nowhere in the Old Testament is the abode of the dead regarded as a place of punishment or torment. The concept of an infernal hell developed in Israel only during the Hellenistic period.
In following up with Bullingers statement lets look at the scriptures that prove his point.
Acts 2:27-31
27 Because thou wilt not leave my soul in hell (hades), neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One {Christ} to see corruption.
28 Thou hast made known to me the ways of life; thou shalt make me full of joy with thy countenance.
29 Men and brethren, let me freely speak unto you of thepatriarch David, that he is both dead and buried, and his sepulcher is with us unto this day.
30 Therefore being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him, thatof the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, he would raise up Christ to sit on his throne;
31 He seeing this before spake of the resurrection of Christ, that his soul was not left in hell (hades), neither his flesh did see corruption.
Psalms 16:10 For thou wilt not leave my soul in hell (sheol); neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption.
As biblical students we must use the Words interpretation of itself to define words within the Word. Clearly there is no justification to the eternal torment, which has been propounded throughout Christendom today. Whether we translate it or transliterate it, we have to give it the meaning that God purposed; everything else outside the Word of God must be discarded.
God has chosen to use words in the Word to communicate to us, it is not up to us, or literature to define those words, the only meaning we should attach to words {in the written word of God} is that which God allows; that in part is what II Timothy 2:15 speaks of. Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.
Sheol exists only as a concept, it is a figurative, not an actual place. Bodies buried in a quber (a literal grave) will decay and eventually disappear. The dead exist only in the mind of God who remembers every person who has died. He will send His Son the firstborn from the dead (Colossians 1:18; Revelation 1:5) to raise the rest of the dead from this place (John 5:28 &29)
So going back to my statement
..the Bibles definition of sheol/hades is; the state of being when one dies, its a continuing state until the resurrection.
This leaves us with the other words gehenna, katakaio, and tartaros translated hell, along with other questions like: what happens to the soul, what is the soul, where does the spirit go, and do people go to heaven directly after death which may be obvious from the definition of the word sheol, but it is an area to examine due to the popular beliefs.