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<blockquote data-quote="lucaspa" data-source="post: 716951" data-attributes="member: 4882"><p>The discipline of population genetics did the basic mathematical formulas.&nbsp; Remember that, in the absence of any outside influence, such as natural selection, the frequency of an allele does not change from generation to generation.&nbsp; That is, if you have a population and 100 and 10 individuals have allele A and 90 have allele a, the next generation will be exactly the same: 10 A and 90 a.&nbsp;This is called the Hardy-Weinberg Law. Frequencies are symbolized mathematically by <em>p</em> and <em>q</em>.&nbsp; <em>W</em> is the relative fitness value.&nbsp; So we have W(A), W(B), and W(AB).&nbsp; The last is the fitness of the heterozygote in a sexually reproducting population.&nbsp;</p><p></p><p>So, for the first generation the frequency p of A in the population is: p^2 +2pq + q^2.&nbsp; Straight Mendelian genetics.</p><p></p><p>The frequency of p in the next generation after selection is: p' = p^2W(A)&nbsp;+ pq W(AB)/p^2W(A)&nbsp;+ 2pq W(AB) + q^2 (WB).&nbsp; </p><p></p><p>Now, if W(A) and W(AB) are higher than W(B), it can be seen that p' will increase.&nbsp; Not chance, but pure determinism.</p><p></p><p>Any other questions, Micaiah?&nbsp; You can see all this and a lot more in Chapters 4 and 13 in Futuyma's <em>Evolutionary Biology</em>, 1999.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="lucaspa, post: 716951, member: 4882"] The discipline of population genetics did the basic mathematical formulas. Remember that, in the absence of any outside influence, such as natural selection, the frequency of an allele does not change from generation to generation. That is, if you have a population and 100 and 10 individuals have allele A and 90 have allele a, the next generation will be exactly the same: 10 A and 90 a. This is called the Hardy-Weinberg Law. Frequencies are symbolized mathematically by [I]p[/I] and [I]q[/I]. [I]W[/I] is the relative fitness value. So we have W(A), W(B), and W(AB). The last is the fitness of the heterozygote in a sexually reproducting population. So, for the first generation the frequency p of A in the population is: p^2 +2pq + q^2. Straight Mendelian genetics. The frequency of p in the next generation after selection is: p' = p^2W(A) + pq W(AB)/p^2W(A) + 2pq W(AB) + q^2 (WB). Now, if W(A) and W(AB) are higher than W(B), it can be seen that p' will increase. Not chance, but pure determinism. Any other questions, Micaiah? You can see all this and a lot more in Chapters 4 and 13 in Futuyma's [I]Evolutionary Biology[/I], 1999. [/QUOTE]
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