- Oct 17, 2011
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Bird flu, feared as a possible pandemic, poses growing risk to people as pathogen spreads, scientists warn
Bird flu has been circling the globe for decades. So the discovery in 2024 that the deadly pathogen had jumped from a wild bird to a cow came as a shock to virus watchers. Now, in just over a year, the virus has ripped through America's dairy herds and poultry flocks. It has jumped to other mammals – including humans. Seventy Americans [that we know of] have caught the virus, one has died.It started in Texas. In early 2024, cows were suffering from a mysterious disease: their fevers spiked, their milk dried up, they were coughing, drooling, lethargic. Soon there were more sick cattle in neighboring states. Kay Russo joined a conference call of worried vets to try to figure it out.
Dr. Kay Russo: I started asking questions. "What are the birds doing on the farm?" And one of the veterinarians replied, "well, they're all dead."
Next, Dr. Kamran Khan showed us a map of all the confirmed human cases of bird flu in the last five years. Most have been in Asia – until now.
Dr. Kamran Khan: What you start to see around 2024 is you start to see a case in Texas, and then you start to see this sudden, rapid increase in [human] cases across the country.
Dr. Kamran Khan: What's happening here is wild birds have infected cows, who have then infected other cows, who have then infected humans. And so there's this complex web of all of these different animal species now passing the virus in different directions.
Bill Whitaker: Is this one of those things you have never seen before?
Dr. Kamran Khan: The world has never seen this kind of situation and it's showing us that the virus is capable of adaption. If you allow it, it will just get better and better at infecting other mammals, including potentially humans.
There is a [human] vaccine for bird flu, but it has not been licensed by the Food and Drug Administration. Moderna has a new one – but the Trump administration has paused its final funding. There are vaccines for poultry too – but they haven't been used because many of America's trading partners will not import vaccinated birds.