Favoredwiththelord's Notebook

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Copying the first lesson:

Here is the alphabet:
Aleph א
Bet בּ ב The dot in the middle of a consonant is called a dagesh. The meaning of which will be covered in a later lesson.
Gimel גּ ג another dagesh
Dalet דּ דanother dagesh
He ה
Waw ו
Zayin ז
Het ח
Tet ט
Yod י
Kaph כּ כ and ך is kaph final letter. Final letters occur at the end of a word.
Lamed ל
Mem מ and ם is Mem final letter
Nun נ and ן is Nun final letter
Samek ס
Ayin ע
Pe פּ פ and ף is Pe final letter
Sade צ and ץ is Sade final letter
Qoph ק
Res ר
Sinשׂ notice a small dot above to the left
S(h)in שׁ notice a small dot above to the right
Taw תּ ת

You may notice the dots within the letters. Later we will see that there will be dots above and below the letters that matter also, which are basically vowels.

There are letters that look very similar, such as a Bet ב and a Kaph כ. Spend some time comparing the similar ones, as that is going to help you distinguish these letters in the future. Next lesson we will go over the sounds for most letters.

 

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Hebrew Vowel points:

ָ Qames – looks like a small "t" under the consonant.ָ Its pronunciation is a as in “father” (most of the time). Sometimes the pronunciation is “o” as in “hop.” Then its referred to as a qames hatuph. Later we will go over the rules for when it has the "o" sound. A word with a qames is דָּוִד
David. The Dalet has a qames underneath it - and its an "a" father pronunciation.
ַ Patach – looks like a small underline under the consonant.ַ Its pronunciation is a as in “father.” A word with a patach is אַבְרָהָם
Abraham. Underneath the Aleph there is a patach.
ִ Hireq (hear-eq) – looks like a small dot under the consonant.ִ Its pronunciation is “i” as in “pin.” A word with a hireq is דָּוִד David - under the second letter, a vav, is a hireq.


ֵSere (say-ray) – looks like two small dots under the consonant. ֵ Its pronunciation is a long “e” as in “they.” A word with a sere is לֵוִי

Levi. Under the lamed is a sere - pronounced as a long e as in "they."

ֶSegol – looks like three small dots under the consonant. ֶ Its pronunciation is short “e” as in “pet.” A word with a segol is מֶלֶךְ king. The mem has a segol under it, and so does the lamed.

ֻ Qibbus – looks like three small descending dots under the consonant. ֻ Its pronunciation is “u” as in “rule.” A word with a qibbus is יְהוֹשֻׁעַ
Joshua. The shin has a qibbus under it.
ֺֹֺֹ Holem – looks like one small dot at the top left of the consonant.ֺֹֺֹIts pronunciation is “o” as in “role.” An example of a word with a holem is בֹּעַז


This is the name Boaz. The bet has a dot at the top left - that is a holem.


Most of the time Hebrew vowel points are distinguished from the consonants. At times, however a vowel point is combined with a consonant - either yod י or waw ו - and together they constitute a single long vowel. In those cases the consonant is not sounded. These vowels will be covered in the next lesson. There are also "half" vowels called shewas, for example the two "stacked" dots under the yod יְ . Shewas are a bit more complicated than simple vowels at this point. At times they are silent and other times they are pronounced. Shewas will also be covered later.

 

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Hello.
שלום. (shah-LOHM) Bye.
שלום. (shah-LOHM)
See you later.
להתראות. (leh-hit-rah-'OHT)
Good morning.
בוקר טוב (BOH-ker TOHV)
Good afternoon.
צהריים טובים (tsoh-hoh-RAH-yeem toh-VEEM)
Good evening.
ערב טוב (EH-rev TOHV)
Good night.
לילה טוב (LIGH-lah TOHV)
How are you? (addressing to a man).
‫מה שלומך? (mah shlom-KHAH)
How are you? (addressing to a woman).
‫מה שלומך? (mah shloh-MEKH)
How are you? (What's new?).
‫מה נשמע? (mah nish-MAH)
Thank you.
תודה (toh-DAH)
Please.
בבקשה (be-vah-kuh-SHAH)
Excuse me.
סליחה (slee-KHAH)
I don't understand. (a man).
אני לא מבין (ahni loh meh-VEEN)
I don't understand. (a woman).
אני לא מבינה (ahni loh meh-VEENA)