ChoirDir said:
I have also heard that fasting on Fridays all year long is no longer manditory.
Has fasting ever been mandatory? It seems to me as if such penances are always voluntary. The Church has laid before the flock the Precepts of the Church, which it makes known is the bare minimum to maintain a healthy spirit and moral outlook on life. A shepherd can only lead the sheep to pasture, he cannot force them to eat if they do not want to.
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Catechism of the Catholic Church
CCC 1438
The seasons and days of penance in the course of the liturgical year (Lent, and
each Friday in memory of the death of the Lord) are intense moments of the Church's penitential practice. These times are particularly appropriate for spiritual exercises, penitential liturgies, pilgrimages as signs of penance,
voluntary self-denial such as fasting and almsgiving, and fraternal sharing (charitable and missionary works).
CCC 2043 The fourth precept ("You shall observe the days of fasting and abstinence established by the Church") ensures the times of ascesis and penance which prepare us for the liturgical feasts and help us acquire mastery over our instincts and freedom of heart.
The Code of Canon Law (1983)
Can. 1250 The days and times of penance for the universal Church are each Friday of the whole year and the season of Lent.
Can. 1251 Abstinence from meat, or from some other food as determined by the Episcopal Conference,
is to be observed on all Fridays, unless a solemnity should fall on a Friday. Abstinence and fasting are to be observed on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday.
Can. 1252 The law of abstinence binds those who have completed their fourteenth year. The law of fasting binds those who have attained their majority, until the beginning of their sixtieth year. Pastors of souls and parents are to ensure that even those who by reason of their age are not bound by the law of fasting and abstinence, are taught the true meaning of penance.
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The Catholic Church has not changed as much as you believe it has since Vatican II ChoirDir.