Hmmm. Many Christians understand the Garden of Eden to be a myth with a religious meaning. My personal interpretation was that eating the fruit of the knowledge of good and evil represented human desire to be gods and make our own moral judgments. This sin is a natural tendency of every human and happens every day - not a crime we inherited from a common male and female ancestor.
We can consider it that way, and come to conclusions accordingly. But that is not what Genesis says, and we do not know how seriously we ought to regard Genesis information.
God's intention is for us to submit our will to his will until over time we learn that God's will is right. Then God can allow us to reach whatever potential he originally intended.
Definitely, I think you grasp the gospel better than most Christians do.
The role of Jesus is to show us how we should submit our will to God so that we realize that we have failed utterly - that way we are motivated to be reconciled with God through the mercy of Jesus (?) (Some of the details are a bit fuzzy.)
It is this:
“Not everyone who says to Me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ shall enter the kingdom of heaven, but he who does the will of My Father in heaven.
Trust in the Lord with all your heart, And lean not on your own understanding; In all your ways acknowledge Him, And He shall direct your paths.
To him who overcomes I will give to eat from the tree of life, which is in the midst of the Paradise of God.”’
Now with that interpretation, the Romulans probably have the same tendency to ignore God's will, so they need Jesus too. St. Peter might have thought that only Jews had the Law of Moses , so only Jews needed atonement.
It is difficult to gauge why St Peter was surprised. If I had have to guess, it would be that the kingdom of God was promised to Israel, the descendent of Abraham who is the father of many nations. Jesus had always said His interests were to bring Israel into worship of God as they were expected, to redeem them from gog and magog, yet He did prophesy this covenant would come to an end. It is possible St Peter did not put two and two together, yet we can because we have easy access to those records. Here is the prophecy I mention (read the whole conversation, it's the summary of the entire purpose of Jesus Christ):
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+21:43&version=NLT
Gentiles were not under the Law. Obviously that was not how it worked according to the story of Cornelius. So I think Romulans would be just another type of Gentile. The Bible would need to be translated into Romulanese. A modern St. Paul might need to travel the galaxy establishing churches. Etc.
This is an interesting topic. There is both scripture that states in the post-Jesus era, Jehova writes His law on our hearts, yet there is scripture from St Paul that states the sacrificial atonement rituals were a "caretaker" until Christ came. So some of the old testament law applies to gentiles through conscience listening to what God says to us when He speaks to us (His living Word - not just the bible), whereas some of the old testament law is replaced by Jesus Christ, as the high priest who handles the atonement instead of the Levite priesthood. Do you remember St Paul speaking about how "if one person feels it is sin, then it is sin to them", yet "if my consicence is strong, but eating meat causes my brother to stumble, I will refrain from eating meat"? .. so clearly, we are meant to be intimate with God and following as He leads us, as always BTW, but in the New Testament era we have confidence that indeed death has been overcome.
I think any speculation about alien species is only hypothetical until we actually get reliable information to be certain of these particular questions.
