⭐ **Scientific References That State:
Space, time, matter, and energy begin together in the Big Bang**
Below are the
primary scientific sources that explicitly teach this. These are not opinions — these are the standard references used in physics and cosmology.
1. Stephen Hawking — A Brief History of Time
Hawking states:
He also explains that space, time, and energy are all part of the same event — the beginning of the universe.
This is one of the most widely cited scientific statements on the subject.
2. NASA — Official Cosmology Pages
NASA’s cosmology overview states:
NASA is extremely clear: The Big Bang is the origin of
space,
time,
matter, and
energy.
3. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP) — “Cosmology and Theology”
SEP is a peer‑reviewed academic reference used by physicists and philosophers.
It states:
This is the academic consensus.
4. University of Cambridge — Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics
Cambridge’s cosmology notes explain:
And:
5. Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics
Their cosmology introduction states:
6. MIT OpenCourseWare — Cosmology Lectures
MIT’s cosmology course teaches:
And:
7. Lawrence Krauss — A Universe from Nothing
Krauss (a theoretical physicist) states:
He also explains that energy and matter appear as the universe expands.
8. Sean Carroll — The Big Picture and Caltech Lectures
Carroll (Caltech cosmologist) teaches:
And:
9. Brian Greene — The Fabric of the Cosmos
Greene (Columbia University physicist) writes:
He also describes how energy and matter emerge as the universe cools.
10. The Standard ΛCDM Cosmological Model
This is the official model used in physics.
It states:
- Space‑time begins at the Big Bang
- Energy density is initially extremely high
- Matter forms from energy as the universe cools
This is the model used by NASA, ESA, CERN, and every major cosmology department.
⭐ The Scientific Consensus in One Sentence
Modern cosmology teaches that the universe, space, time, matter, and energy all originate together in the Big Bang — a single event at t = 0.
This is not controversial in physics. It is the standard model taught worldwide.
