We should be very careful before invoking Matthew 15 against fellow believers who are seeking to understand how the New Covenant relates to the Old. Jesus rebuked people for nullifying God’s commands with human loopholes — not for wrestling with how His own redemptive work reshapes covenant obligations. Those are not the same category.
If we’re going to warn about 2 Peter 3:16, we should apply it evenly: it cautions against distorting Paul, not against reading him. The question isn’t whether God’s Word is serious — we agree it is. The question is whether Christ’s fulfillment changes how certain commands function. That deserves argument from the whole counsel of Scripture, not the suggestion that disagreement equals rebellion.
Well stated.
I certainly want to keep every commandment God wants me to keep. And my views have changed on this subject over the years. But I try to keep looking at all of Scripture to figure it out, because it does matter.
But ultimately I have broken His law, and need grace. And the good news of the gospel is that there is grace. I have to rest on that, even if there are many texts that need to be understood further by me. I have been on both sides of this issue. By definition I was wrong either then or now. I have to trust that to my own Master I will stand, and He is able to make me stand.
I think the core issue here is not whether God’s commandments are holy — we both agree they are (Rom. 7:12).
Agreed.
Simply saying “Romans 14 doesn’t use the word Sabbath” does not settle the matter. Romans 14 discusses disputes over food and days in a mixed Jewish–Gentile church. In Paul’s world, the primary “day” controversy between Jews and Gentiles was Sabbath observance. If Paul believed the seventh-day Sabbath remained binding in the same covenantal way as at Sinai, it would be extraordinary for him to say, “Let each be fully convinced in his own mind,” without correction. That is not how apostles speak about binding moral absolutes like adultery or idolatry.
Agreed. He uses very broad language.
Regarding Colossians 2, the distinction between the “handwriting of ordinances” and the Ten Commandments is not as clean as is often claimed.
The term is known to mean handwritten certificate of debt, with its ordinances. It is not here a reference to the book of the law of Moses.
And we see various translations that recognize this meaning of certificate of debt. This is in line with the context. The context is not removing portions of the law. Jesus paid the debt, and took away the certificate of our debt, our record of sins that was against us.
The statement about the handwritten certificate of debt is actually a continuation of the clause before:
Colossians 2:13-14
13 And you, being dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh, He has made alive together with Him, having forgiven you all trespasses, 14 having wiped out the handwriting of requirements that was against us, which was contrary to us. And He has taken it out of the way, having nailed it to the cross. (NKJV)
The phrase "having wiped out the handwritten certificate of bond with its requirements that was against us, which was contrary to us," is an explanation of the forgiveness of all trespasses. It continues the thought.
And we know this because the appointed times were NOT against the Colossians at all. First of all, because as Gentiles they were not under that covenant to begin with. So they didn't even apply to them. Second because they were not against anyone, but they point to Jesus.
The pronouns Paul uses show this as well.
Paul uses the second person plural, "you."
3 And you, being dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh
He does not include himself in this portion because it does not apply to him. He was not an uncircumcised in the flesh Gentile. He was circumcised on the eighth day, of the tribe of Benjamin.
And what does he say about them?
He has made alive together with Him, having forgiven you all trespasses
They are made alive together with Christ and these uncircumcised Gentile believers have been forgiven all their trespasses. Then Paul continues the thought, with a participle, explaining that forgiveness by saying God wiped out the handwritten certificate of debt.
And here he DOES include himself, changing to the first person plural:
14 having wiped out the handwriting of requirements that was against us, which was contrary to us.
The handwriting was against both Paul, a circumcised Jew, and the uncircumcised Gentiles. It was not the appointed times which pointed to Jesus, and were a perpetual statute with Israel. That didn't apply to the Colossians at all.
It was the record of their sin, and Paul's sin, that they could never repay. Jesus paid it. He blotted out the record of their debt, He forgave and blotted out the record of their transgressions.
When we step back and look at the whole argument, we again see this affirmed:
Colossians 2:9 For in Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead bodily; 10 and you are complete in Him, who is the head of all principality and power.
11 In Him you were also circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the sins of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, 12 buried with Him in baptism, in which you also were raised with Him through faith in the working of God, who raised Him from the dead. 13 And you, being dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh, He has made alive together with Him, having forgiven you all trespasses, 14 having wiped out the handwriting of requirements that was against us, which was contrary to us. And He has taken it out of the way, having nailed it to the cross. 15 Having disarmed principalities and powers, He made a public spectacle of them, triumphing over them in it.
16 So let no one judge you in food or in drink, or regarding a festival or a new moon or sabbaths, 17 which are a shadow of things to come, but the substance is of Christ. (NKJV)
Their confidence is not in circumcision, or observation of appointed times. They are complete in Him, buried with Him in Baptism, made alive with Him, previously dead in transgressions, but now having all their trespasses forgiven, and even the record removed.
Their confidence is in Christ, the reality to which the shadows point.
Paul explicitly includes “festival, new moon, or Sabbath days” (Col. 2:16). That triad is a standard Old Testament way of referring to the entire Jewish calendar system (cf. 1 Chr. 23:31; 2 Chr. 2:4; Ezek. 45:17).
Yes, and those are themselves an expansion on Numbers 28 and 29 in the law, which list all the appointed times, including the Sabbath, and the sacrifices for each (food and drink).
And Ezekiel 45:17 is followed up with a description of the sacrifices as well, and it includes the weekly Sabbath sacrifice being spelled out in 46, while elaborating upon Ezekiel 45:17. This listing in Ezekiel 45 is a short listing, quite parallel to Col. 2.
The OT context undoubtedly included the Sabbath in the appointed times of Israel. And Paul is referring to the same.
Paul calls them “a shadow of things to come, but the substance belongs to Christ.” He does not carve out the weekly Sabbath as exempt from that category. Nor does he say, “Continue observing the seventh day, but not the annual Sabbaths.” Instead, he warns against being judged over them.
Agreed. And the appointed times were not blotted out, which we can see from other Scripture. In the text they are still there, pointing to Christ.
And this makes sense because they were said to be a statute forever with Israel. For instance, regarding Pentecost:
Leviticus 23:20-21
20 The priest shall wave them with the bread of the firstfruits as a wave offering before the LORD, with the two lambs. They shall be holy to the LORD for the priest. 21 And you shall proclaim on the same day that it is a holy convocation to you. You shall do no customary work on it. It shall be a statute forever in all your dwellings throughout your generations. (NKJV)
Which Paul was still eager to keep, going to appear before the Lord as commanded:
Acts 20:16
16 For Paul had decided to sail past Ephesus, so that he would not have to spend time in Asia; for he was hurrying to be at Jerusalem, if possible, on the Day of Pentecost. (NKJV)
He is to appear in Jerusalem before the Lord:
Exodus 23:14-17
14 “Three times you shall keep a feast to Me in the year: 15 You shall keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread (you shall eat unleavened bread seven days, as I commanded you, at the time appointed in the month of Abib, for in it you came out of Egypt; none shall appear before Me empty); 16 and the Feast of Harvest, the firstfruits of your labors which you have sown in the field; and the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year, when you have gathered in the fruit of your labors from the field.
17 “Three times in the year all your males shall appear before the Lord GOD. (NKJV)
The Jewish believers in Jerusalem kept right on keeping the law--which pointed to Christ. They were zealous for it, but knew it pointed to Christ.
Acts 21:20
20 And when they heard it, they glorified the Lord. And they said to him, “You see, brother, how many myriads of Jews there are who have believed, and they are all zealous for the law (NKJV)
And they knew that Paul was not actually turning away Jewish believers in the diaspora from Moses or the temple, as was claimed. But they also noted their agreement with the council decision that Gentiles did not have to be circumcised and keep the whole law.
The Pharisee contingent among the Jewish Christians advocated for this, to command them to be circumcised and obey the whole law:
Acts 15:5
5 But some of the sect of the Pharisees who believed rose up, saying, “It is necessary to circumcise them, and to command them to keep the law of Moses.” (NKJV)
The council did not accept this:
Acts 15:24-27
24 Since we have heard that some who went out from us have troubled you with words, unsettling your souls, saying, “You must be circumcised and keep the law”—to whom we gave no such commandment— 25 it seemed good to us, being assembled with one accord, to send chosen men to you with our beloved Barnabas and Paul, 26 men who have risked their lives for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. 27 We have therefore sent Judas and Silas, who will also report the same things by word of mouth. (NKJV)
The background is that normally a foreigner who wished to join Himself to the Lord would be circumcised and keep the law and become as a native of the land:
Exodus 12:48-50
If a stranger shall sojourn with you and would keep the Passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised. Then he may come near and keep it; he shall be as a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person shall eat of it. 49 There shall be one law for the native and for the stranger who sojourns among you.” 50 All the people of Israel did just as the LORD commanded Moses and Aaron.
The gentiles in Christ were not required to do this, or to observe the Passover, or the law of Moses.
Appealing to Matthew 5:17–19 must also be done carefully. Jesus fulfilled the Law — and fulfillment does not mean simple continuation in unchanged form. The same chapter intensifies commandments beyond their letter (“You have heard… but I say to you”), demonstrating that fulfillment transforms how the Law functions.
Yes, and while He quotes from the ten, He also quotes from other portions of the law not in the ten. They were all in view. They didn't go away.
And it was not just the law, but the law and the prophets that were fulfilled, because they pointed to Him:
Matthew 5:17
17 “Do not think that I came to destroy the Law or the Prophets. I did not come to destroy but to fulfill. (NKJV)
They were not removed, or "blotted out". They were fulfilled.