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King Artaxerxes sent Ezra and Nehemiah to Jerusalem

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Ezra was a descendant of Aaron. He lived at the time of the exile in Babylon during the reign of Artaxerxes, king of Persia. He was a scribe (Ezra 7:6) and a teacher of the Law. He found favor with the king. Artaxerxes wrote a letter addressing him and sent him to Jerusalem, along with the king's generous offerings of gold and silver. Ezra 7:

17 With this money, then, you shall with all diligence buy bulls, rams, and lambs, with their grain offerings and their drink offerings, and you shall offer them on the altar of the house of your God that is in Jerusalem.
It was a spiritual mission. Other Jewish leaders went with Ezra. Before they took off from Babylon, Ezra 8:

21 there by the Ahava Canal I proclaimed a fast, so that we might humble ourselves before our God and ask Him for a safe journey for us and our children, with all our possessions. 22 For I was ashamed to ask the king for an escort of soldiers and horsemen to protect us from our enemies on the road, since we had told him, “The hand of our God is gracious to all who seek Him, but His great anger is against all who forsake Him.”
They prayed and trusted in God's protection along the way.

31 On the twelfth day of the first month we set out from the Ahava Canal to go to Jerusalem, and the hand of our God was upon us to protect us from the hands of the enemies and bandits along the way.
It worked.

A dozen years later, Nehemiah was King Artaxerxes's cupbearer. He wished to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem, and the king granted his request.

Nehemiah 2:

9 So I went to the governors of Trans-Euphrates and gave them the king’s letters. The king had also sent army officers and cavalry with me.
For protection, Nehemiah had soldiers traveling with him.

King Artaxerxes sent Ezra to Jerusalem on a spiritual mission carrying silver and gold without a military escort. When he sent Nehemiah, it was on a building project. Nehemiah had cavalry traveling with him.
 
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