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Acts 2:
gift
δωρεὰν (dōrean)
Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular
of the
τοῦ (tou)
Article - Genitive Neuter Singular
Holy
Ἁγίου (Hagiou)
Adjective - Genitive Neuter Singular
Spirit.
Πνεύματος (Pneumatos)
Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular
Genetive of source: gift from the Holy Spirit.
Genitive of identification: the Holy Spirit himself is the gift.
Which meaning applies here?
This is not dative but a genitive case of possession or genitive of identification. It refers to the Holy Spirit per se as a gift to the one being baptized.
A more convincing example of genitive of identification is Galatians 3:
We are to receive the Holy Spirit Himself as promised.
Genitive can be used as a genitive of source. Here, it is used as a genitive of identification. Acts 10 confirms this:
38 Peter replied, "Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.
gift
δωρεὰν (dōrean)
Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular
of the
τοῦ (tou)
Article - Genitive Neuter Singular
Holy
Ἁγίου (Hagiou)
Adjective - Genitive Neuter Singular
Spirit.
Πνεύματος (Pneumatos)
Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular
Genetive of source: gift from the Holy Spirit.
Genitive of identification: the Holy Spirit himself is the gift.
Which meaning applies here?
This is not dative but a genitive case of possession or genitive of identification. It refers to the Holy Spirit per se as a gift to the one being baptized.
A more convincing example of genitive of identification is Galatians 3:
14 He redeemed us in order that the blessing given to Abraham might come to the Gentiles through Christ Jesus, so that by faith we might receive the promise of the Spirit.
We are to receive the Holy Spirit Himself as promised.
Genitive can be used as a genitive of source. Here, it is used as a genitive of identification. Acts 10 confirms this:
44 While Peter was still speaking these words, the Holy Spirit came on all who heard the message. 45 The circumcised believers who had come with Peter were astonished that the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out even on Gentiles.
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