Can God's will and men's wills operate concurrently?

Marvin Knox

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When I teach a class on the concurrent nature of God’s providential control of His creations I usually start with consideration of the recording of His written Word.

Most of us here believe that the Bible we have is the Word of God. We believe that Jesus is the fulfillment of all that is written about Him in the scriptures. We believe that His Word is eternally settled in Heaven.

That being the case – all of us, I should think, would agree that the scriptures that we possessed were decreed by God to be recorded and past down infallible and without error in their original manuscripts.

2 Timothy 3:16 “All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness.”

Psalm 119:89 “Your word Lord, is eternal; it stands firm in the heavens.”

Matthew 24:35 “Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away.”

Isaiah 40:8 “The grass withers and the flowers fall, but the word of our God endures forever."

The 66 books of the Bible were written by approximately 40 men of diverse ages and backgrounds over a period of some 1500 years. These men wrote from different perspectives while enduring different circumstances in their lives.

2 Peter 1:20-21 “But know this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture is a matter of one’s own interpretation, for no prophecy was ever made by an act of human will, but men moved by the Holy Spirit spoke from God.”

2 Samuel 23:2 “The Spirit of the LORD spoke by me, And His word was on my tongue.”

While we affirm that these are God’s Words, written exactly as He decreed them to be written – we also realize that the men writing them were not controlled like robots or computers but were writing as their own minds conceived of the words they wrote. And they probably passed the material along to others as they decided to do of their own wills.

So the question I would like us to discuss here is whether their free will was violated by God when He obviously carried out His will through their wills.

Not only the words written in this way by both God and men are considered in my classes. We usually delve into the actions of the men who recorded the Bible along the way as well.

Luke is one of my favorite examples. I like to have us all talk about his travels, his keeping the manuscripts dry, his checking of spelling, his rewriting certain paragraphs when he didn’t particularly like the way they flowed. I like to bring in the actions of Theophilus,the man he wrote for as well. Eventually we delve into God’s providential control of the entire lives of Theophilus and Luke to bring them to the point where they wrote. We sometimes talk about Paul as well as Luke and some others since there’s a lot of food for thought in his life.

Eventually we get around the sinful words of Caiaphas the High Priest. They were, no doubt, spoken of his own sinful will. They were, of course, also God’s words even as the rest of scripture.

John 11:49:51 “But one of them, Caiaphas, who was high priest that year, said to them, ‘You know nothing at all, nor do you take into account that it is expedient for you that one man die for the people, and that the whole nation not perish.’ Now he did not say this on his own initiative, but being high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus was going to die for the nation.”

Eventually the class gets around to scriptures that show us talking donkeys – but we’d better leave that alone here. :)

Let’s consider the question of God’s working out of His decrees through the free will of men.

Do think Caiaphas had a valid defense at the judgment when His sin was judged by God?

Do you think Luke, Paul, or any of the other 40 writers of Scripture are up there in Heaven complaining to God that He used them like robots?

Do you think they are complaining that God put words in their mouths?

Do you think Luke is complaining about God moving him get out of bed and go into town with Paul and take notes when he might have rather slept in?

Or do you think they are thanking God for so using them to glorify Himself?

It probably works a little better in a class of students than here. But let’s give it a try.

I’m sure this group won’t have any trouble at all morphing this thread into a vehicle for a little bashing of RT theology.

Let’s see how long it takes. :)
 

EmSw

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So the question I would like us to discuss here is whether their free will was violated by God when He obviously carried out His will through their wills.

I see nothing wrong with man cooperating with God.
Do you think they were 'forced' to write?
If a man didn't will to write, do you think God could have found another who would willfully write?

I’m sure this group won’t have any trouble at all morphing this thread into a vehicle for a little bashing of RT theology.

Let’s see how long it takes. :)

:groupray: Okay fellas, should we bash RT on this one, or not? :)
 
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Ignatius21

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While we affirm that these are God’s Words, written exactly as He decreed them to be written – we also realize that the men writing them were not controlled like robots or computers but were writing as their own minds conceived of the words they wrote. And they probably passed the material along to others as they decided to do of their own wills.

So the question I would like us to discuss here is whether their free will was violated by God when He obviously carried out His will through their wills.

Excellent examples.

Eventually the class gets around to scriptures that show us talking donkeys – but we’d better leave that alone here. :)

You can still see talking asses. Today we call it "Congress."

Let’s consider the question of God’s working out of His decrees through the free will of men.

...

I’m sure this group won’t have any trouble at all morphing this thread into a vehicle for a little bashing of RT theology.

Let’s see how long it takes. :)

I'm not going to bash reformed theology. I spent many years studying it and participating in a Reformed congregation, and I learned much from it.

When it comes to a question like the one you're asking, I really believe Orthodox theology has much to offer even to those who are not Orthodox. All questions of theology really revolve, in one way or another, around our understanding of the Incarnation of God. The incarnation was nothing less than the full and true union of God and man, and it's mind-blowing. It's the union of the uncreated, with the created. The union of the independent with the dependent. The union of the eternal with the temporal. Any attempt to understand the relationship between God and man, apart from the context of the incarnation, is really an attempt that is doomed to fail. The mystery of God's sovereign and independent will, coexisting with man's free but dependent will, is the very same mystery as the relationship between the human and divine wills in Jesus Christ. And that's no small mystery...it took many years and an ecumenical council for the Chalcedonian churches to settle it. The question was, while all agreed that Christ was one person and two natures (without separation, or confusion)...did Christ have one will, or two wills? The decision of the council was that Christ, having two natures, therefore had two wills. These wills are always distinct, without confusion as are his two natures. Yet they are also without separation.

Jesus always did the will of his Father. His divine will, being of his divine essence, which is the same essence as the Father, was thus always in perfect harmony with the will of the Father. Yet his human will also was always in perfect harmony with the will of the Father. Thus the human and divine wills in Christ, were always in total cooperation, his human will being deified by union with the divine, and always in perfect submission to it.

So if you were to ask the same sorts of questions as above, but of Christ, how would we answer? Did Jesus ever complain that his divine will was putting words into the mouth of his human will? Did the will of the Father ever override the will of the Son, such that the Son's cooperation with the Father was anything less than absolutely free? When Jesus accepted that the Father's will be done, was it his divine will that accepted it, or his human will?

We really can't even answer these things. Every free choice of Christ was both human, and divine. It had to be so. The divine will never dominated or overpowered the human.

Cooperation between God and man is not about God doing part, and man doing part. That's how it's often (mis)understood by many. God does X%, man does (100-X)%. When Christ obeyed God, loved God, and submitted to God in total self-emptying on the Cross...did his human nature do some obedience, and his human nature make up the difference? That's absurd.

So cooperation, or synergy, between God and man is NOT about God doing some part, and man doing the rest...nor about God doing all of it, and man just going along for the ride. The word synergy means, really, "more than one energy." God's energies are his actions and activities, by which God (unknowable to us in his essence) interacts with, and becomes known to, his creation. His energies--which are not created, but uncreated and truly divine--work together with ours. That's the union of God and man, of uncreated with created. God's energies only come to us fully through the Incarnation. They proceed to us through the Son, in the Spirit. This inexplicable cooperation is what produced the God-breathed Scriptures through the minds and pens of fallible men. It's the very same cooperation that exists in all who are being saved.

So yes, God's will and man's will can cooperate "concurrently," to use your term. They have to. If they don't, then the Incarnation was not real. But it was. Christ was not a puppet, and neither are we. Nobody can say that Jesus is Lord except by the Holy Spirit. So is our first confession of Christ a work of God, or of ourselves? Answer: it is both. It is fully the work of God in us, and it is fully our work, and this cooperation produces a single and unified result--our salvation.
 
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extraordinary

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So the question I would like us to discuss here is whether their free will was violated by God
when He obviously carried out His will through their wills.
Hey, I got down to here.

IMO, no.
When God spiritually reveals something to someone, and when the person really realizes this,
the person will really feel led to say or do whatever the Lord has told them to say or do,
and the person will proceed to do so.
God has the ability to pull this off because He has carefully chosen those whom He can rely on.
He knows everyone's hearts, and etc.
.
 
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Marvin Knox

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Hey, I got down to here.

IMO, no.
When God spiritually reveals something to someone, and when the person really realizes this,
the person will really feel led to say or do whatever the Lord has told them to say or do,
and the person will proceed to do so.
God has the ability to pull this off because He has carefully chosen those whom He can rely on.
He knows everyone's hearts, and etc.
.

Like Caiaphas?
 
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bling

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In 1 Cor. 5: 9 I wrote to you in my letter not to associate with immoral men;… there is a reference to another letter written to the Corinthians before the first letter we have. For some reason the Spirit decided not to protect and preserve that letter for us. Could that also mean there could have been lots of other letters the Holy Spirit did not want us to have and only preserved the letters the Holy Spirit fully agreed with?
 
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Marvin Knox

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In 1 Cor. 5: 9 I wrote to you in my letter not to associate with immoral men;… there is a reference to another letter written to the Corinthians before the first letter we have. For some reason the Spirit decided not to protect and preserve that letter for us. Could that also mean there could have been lots of other letters the Holy Spirit did not want us to have and only preserved the letters the Holy Spirit fully agreed with?

That is absolutely what I believe to be the case. It also goes to my point exactly .

Paul likely wrote many letters to churches. We'll never know how many. One thing I believe we can know however is that every one that was considered the Word of God got to us as God intended.

I think that it is fairly obvious that Paul wasn't always writing while realizing that they were God's words that were being written by him. Witness his giving "shout outs" to friends in certain towns and such. In some places he even says that he is speaking directly for God and in others that he is speaking for himself only.

These same things could be said for Luke as he traveled and wrote for Theolphilus. Also his preserving actions for the manuscripts and most (and I believe all) of his actions along the way were controlled by God even as Luke himself made choices and controlled them. Many of these writers didn't have the foggiest idea that they were actually working concurrently with God. They were just doing what they felt they needed or wanted to do.

Some may be tempted to say, "Well, that was the apostles. That's different from other people."

That is one of the reasons I gave the example of Caiaphas. His actions were clearly sinful. Clearly he meant them for evil. I'm sure they were his own idea just as were the words and actions of the apostles.

But God was the first cause in all instances. God did not look to find a manuscript or a sinful speech that He thought would be something He might like to call His own. No one believes it works that way.

You can almost imagine God in eternity past looking over the words and letters and saying things like the following. "I kinda wish Paul hadn't given so much time to shout outs to friends and such. But at least the letter gets the message out. So - there - I'm calling that letter My eternal Word."

"Those words of Caiaphas would make good prophetic words for Me. I'll call them My own words. His sinful words caused the death of Jesus. I hate to so directly use a murderer like Caiaphas as a vehicle for what I'm doing. But they will accomplish what I want to do - so OK."

Ridiculous of course. The point is that God is clearly the first cause of these examples. The apostles and Caiaphas are clear examples of the second causes He works through to accomplish what He is accomplishing through His Word in this limited age we live in.

My original point was that He doesn't ask permission to put words in people's mouths. He doesn't even tell them in most cases. Most of us just do our thing and think that we are sovereign because we are exercising our own wills. Ultimately that isn't the case however. Everything in this age is doing God's work first and foremost. That goes for Paul, Luke, Caiaphas, me and you.

I don't believe any of us have a case to be made against God for using us anyway He sees fit.

I'm happy to be a part of it all.

Caiaphas - not so much. :)
 
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extraordinary

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In 1 Cor. 5: 9 I wrote to you in my letter not to associate with immoral men;…
there is a reference to another letter written to the Corinthians before the first letter we have.
For some reason the Spirit decided not to protect and preserve that letter for us.
Could that also mean there could have been lots of other letters the Holy Spirit
did not want us to have and only preserved the letters the Holy Spirit fully agreed with?
Church history ...
Are we aware of all of the letters that were considered prior to
the final decision about which ones would go into the Scriptures?

I.E. maybe men chose and not the Holy Spirit.
.
 
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bling

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Church history ...
Are we aware of all of the letters that were considered prior to
the final decision about which ones would go into the Scriptures?

I.E. maybe men chose and not the Holy Spirit.
.

There is no reference to this letter other than what paul said about it. men did reject man's works, but there is no reference to men rejecting Paul's earlier letter(s).
 
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yeshuaslavejeff

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Yhvh speaks for Himself , and makes it clear He speaks through whom He choses (and in stark contrast and confirmation of His Sovereignty , He speaks not through those who claim apart from and contrary to Scripture , which likewise are judged in Scripture for their lies). i.e. Scripture is not only sufficient, but as it is written, whoever takes away from Scripture, Yhvh will take away their part in Life, and if anyone adds to Scripture (like via tradition that is contrary to Scripture), Yhvh will add to them the plagues ....
truly simply, true, righteous and just.

2 Pet. 1:18-21 “And we heard this voice which came from heaven when we were with Him on the holy mountain. And so we have the prophetic word confirmed, which you do well to heed as a light that shines in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts; knowing this first, that no prophecy of Scripture is of any private interpretation, but holy men of Yhvh spake as they were moved by the breath of Yhvh.”
 
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Job8

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Let's face it, Reformed Theology has tried very hard to figure God out with human reasoning. The Catholics had already been hard at it trying to reconcile faith and reason. Calvin and Luther were former Catholics. For all the good that they have done, they went beyond Scripture to devise a plan of salvation which suited human reasoning. "Why do sinners believe?" is a question best left to God. The fact that sinners believe is all that we need to know.

To get back to your topic about Divine will and human will, there is nothing complicated about this:

1. God gave man a free will. Had this not been true Adam and Eve would not have sinned.

2. After the Fall, God gave all mankind the consciouness of His power and existence. He also gave all men a conscience.

3. The Bible tells us repeatedly that God wills that all men come to repentance and be saved, yet He compels none.

4. Those who are saved are elected according to the foreknowledge of God, and predestined to be conformed to the image of His Son. This does not apply to salvation, but sanctification and glorification (perfection of the saints).

5. God does not predestinate any sinner to Hell, therefore the ones who go to Hell are the ones who reject the Gospel and reject Christ.

6. God has chosen specific individuals throughout history to fulfil specific ministries. Today, He gives specific spiritual gifts to specific Christians to fulfil specific ministries. He chose His apostles and prophets, and He still chooses individuals according to His will. That is definitely not in conflict with their wills (although we do see reluctant prophets like Jonah who was basically prejudiced).

7.While God knows all outcomes in advance, He only decrees certain events to occur. To claim that everything is decreed is to claim that God has decreed every sin and every evil. That is not only absurd, but blasphemous.

<Staff Edit>
 
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hedrick

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Most Reformed theologians accept &#8220;compatibilism.&#8221; They think it&#8217;s possible for the same thing to be the result of both God&#8217;s will and human will. God can use human actions for which they are responsible as part of his plan. This works with Scripture. Luke tells us that he acted like a normal writer. He investigated events and wrote about them. But God could still use Luke to tell the story God wants to tell.
 
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Job8

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Most Reformed theologians accept “compatibilism.” They think it’s possible for the same thing to be the result of both God’s will and human will. God can use human actions for which they are responsible as part of his plan. This works with Scripture. Luke tells us that he acted like a normal writer. He investigated events and wrote about them. But God could still use Luke to tell the story God wants to tell.

I can go along with that, and point #6 would correspond to that. The thorny issues arise when we examine TULIP and find that 4 out of 5 of those premises are not according to Scripture, or the nature and character of God, as well as His express Divine will (not decree).

Nothing could be clearer than that Christ died for all mankind and God wants all mankind to be saved and to come unto the knowledge of the truth (1 Tim 2:3,4). Had all been according to Divine decree, all would be saved regardless. But we know that Universalism is false, and that Israel, whom God loved dearly, resisted the Holy Spirit and rejected their only true Messiah, and brought judgement upon themselves. RT has no answers for this FACTS.
 
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nobdysfool

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I can go along with that, and point #6 would correspond to that. The thorny issues arise when we examine TULIP and find that 4 out of 5 of those premises are not according to Scripture, or the nature and character of God, as well as His express Divine will (not decree).

This is your opinion. You seem to forget that there many fine Christians who hold to the Reformed view in good conscience, and with full assurance. I will remind you that the rules of this forum forbid slanderous accusations and characterizations of Reformed Theology, or any other views which fall within the definition of orthodox Christian belief.

Nothing could be clearer than that Christ died for all mankind and God wants all mankind to be saved and to come unto the knowledge of the truth (1 Tim 2:3,4). Had all been according to Divine decree, all would be saved regardless. But we know that Universalism is false, and that Israel, whom God loved dearly, resisted the Holy Spirit and rejected their only true Messiah, and brought judgement upon themselves. RT has no answers for this FACTS.
The fact is, we do have answers for these so-called facts, which are simply talking points for non-RT theology.. We are willing to discuss them provided that the discussion is conducted without rancor, or attempts to lay traps, as is so often what is done in such discussions. We have no problem with the person holding any opinion he wishes, as is his right, but we do object to opinion being passed off as fact. What he has expressed is his opinion of what the Scriptures teach, and ONLY his opinion. To establish it as fact, incontrovertible proof must be provided, and it is his responsibility to do so. Simply quoting Scriptures does not constitute incontrovertible proof.

Quite frankly, we will not waste our time arguing with anyone who believes that his mission is to somehow, by any means necessary, "defeat" Reformed Theology. It is the position of this RT advocate that it would be a waste of time, when the time and energy is spent trying to denigrate fellow Christians, for whom Christ is Lord, rather than battling the real enemy, which is Satan and his minions.
 
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Job8

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Simply quoting Scriptures does not constitute incontrovertible proof.
There you go. If Scripture will not suffice, then nothing will.

And showing up false teaching by bringing out the truth of God's Word is not slander. Christians are commanded to expose false teachings. Whatever might be the spiritual standing or state of those who hold such beliefs is in God's hands. But false teaching and false teachers are to be definitely exposed (Rev 2:2).
 
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nobdysfool

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There you go. If Scripture will not suffice, then nothing will.

There is such a thing as rightly dividing the word of truth. Cherry-picking verses and pulling them out of their contexts does not constitute proof. Anyone can do that, and make the Bible say nearly anything they want. You want to take the lazy man's way out, just copy and paste a few Scriptures and claim that you have refuted someone else. Doesn't work that way.

And showing up false teaching by bringing out the truth of God's Word is not slander. Christians are commanded to expose false teachings. Whatever might be the spiritual standing or state of those who hold such beliefs is in God's hands. But false teaching and false teachers are to be definitely exposed (Rev 2:2).

Still only opinion. Let me clue you in: You will never defeat RT. You can't, because it's God's Word. People have been trying for 500-some years now, and they have all 100% failed. No one is 100% correct in their beliefs and doctrine. No one! We will all be corrected when we are with Jesus. Even you.
 
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