No, to the first question.
Yet, there are unbelievers who are physical descendants of national Israel. So, national Israel and true Israel are two different entities. It seems that you do understand there are two Israels, but, for some reason, you think that one's nationality has something to do with being part of the Israel of God even though scripture does not say that.
Regarding the second question, the requirements are (1) being a Jew (2) believing in Jesus.
Where is that indicated in scripture? You won't find that in Romans 9:6-8 where Paul differentiates between physical, national Israel and the spiritual Israel of God.
Israelites of God is a non-biblical term that can be misleading.
You worry way too much about things like this. We know that the Israel of God is a biblical term, so there is no reason to be concerned about calling those who are part of the Israel of God "Israelites of God".
Gentile believers in Jesus are not Israelites of God by virtue of believing in Jesus.
Yes, we are. In Romans 9:6-8, Paul indicates that being part of spiritual Israel is not dependent at all on being physically descended from national Israel or Abraham, but instead it's those who are the children of God and of the promise who are part of the spiritual Israel of God and are counted as Abraham's seed. If you read Galatians 3:26-29, Paul makes it clear that the children of God are all Jew and Gentile believers and that makes them the children of the promise who are counted as Abraham's seed.
Nor are Gentile believers in Jesus - "Spiritual Jews" - by virtue of believing in Jesus.
Wrong. All who belong to Christ are spiritual Jews. It's unbelievably sad that you or any Christian can't recognize this. Paul made it very clear that one's physical nationality or being a religious Jew by way of physical circumcision has nothing to do with being a spiritual Jew, but rather being spiritually circumcised makes someone a spiritual Jew.
Romans 2:28 For he is not a Jew who
is one outwardly, nor
is circumcision that which
is outward in the flesh; 29 but
he is a Jew who
is one inwardly; and circumcision
is that of the heart, in the Spirit, not in the letter; whose [
a]praise
is not from men but from God.
Paul says "he is NOT a Jew who is one outwardly...but he IS a Jew who is one inwardly". Douggg says "he is a Jew who is one both outwardly and inwardly". I will go with what Paul says over what you say every time.
All believers, Jew and Gentile, are spiritually circumcised by the circumcision of Christ, so we are all spiritual Jews since Paul indicated that the only requirement for being a spiritual Jew is being spiritually circumcised.
Colossians 2:11 In Him you were also circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the sins of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, 1