Is there a reason I should believe that those who learned, heard, and knew the apostolic preaching and teaching all, universally, fell away and that the Church vanished from the earth by the late 1st century?
This is a great question.
I like the fact that you are willing to reason on it. I don't see that very often. It's an indication you are open-minded.
Is there any reason I should believe that those who heard and knew the apostolic preaching and teaching all abided by and accepted the teachings of the apostles?
I have quite a number of reasons for believing that they did not stand fast in the teachings of the apostles.
- 2 Thessalonians 2:1-15 - written around 50 A.D. - has warnings such as... we ask you, brothers and sisters, not to become easily unsettled or alarmed by the teaching allegedly from us—whether by a prophecy or by word of mouth or by letter—asserting that the day of the Lord has already come. Don’t let anyone deceive you in any way, for that day will not come until the rebellion occurs and the man of lawlessness is revealed... And now you know what is holding him back, so that he may be revealed at the proper time. For the secret power of lawlessness is already at work; but the one who now holds it back will continue to do so till he is taken out of the way. And then the lawless one will be revealed...
- Jesus' words (?70-80 A.D.?) to the seven churches that describes the state at the time - Revelation 2:1-3:21, which contains expressions such as... you have left your first love; you dwell, where Satan’s throne is; you have there those who hold the doctrine of Balaam; you also have those who hold the doctrine of the Nicolaitans, which thing I hate; you allow that woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess, to teach and seduce My servants to commit sexual immorality and eat things sacrificed to idols; you have a name that you are alive, but you are dead; you are wretched, miserable, poor, blind, and naked...
- Around the same time Jesus gave the Revelation to John, there were men such as Papias, Polycarp, and others, considered bishops in the Smyrna congregation. Papias describes his way of gathering information in his preface: I shall not hesitate also to put into ordered form for you, along with the interpretations, everything I learned carefully in the past from the elders and noted down carefully, for the truth of which I vouch. For unlike most people I took no pleasure in those who told many different stories, but only in those who taught the truth. Nor did I take pleasure in those who reported their memory of someone else’s commandments, but only in those who reported their memory of the commandments given by the Lord to the faith and proceeding from the Truth itself. And if by chance anyone who had been in attendance on the elders arrived, I made enquiries about the words of the elders—what Andrew or Peter had said, or Philip or Thomas or James or John or Matthew or any other of the Lord’s disciples, and whatever Aristion and John the Elder, the Lord’s disciples, were saying. For I did not think that information from the books would profit me as much as information from a living and surviving voice. Papias, then, inquired of travelers passing through Hierapolis what the surviving disciples of Jesus and the elders—those who had personally known the Twelve Apostles—were saying.
- The Eschatological on Papias shows that there was a lot of misinterpretations, and misunderstandings, as early as the late 70s A.D. In part, we read... Eusebius concludes from the writings of Papias that he was a chiliast, understanding the Millennium as a literal period in which Christ will reign on Earth, and chastises Papias for his literal interpretation of figurative passages, writing that Papias "appears to have been of very limited understanding", and felt that his misunderstanding misled Irenaeus and others. Irenaeus indeed quotes the fourth book of Papias for an otherwise-unknown saying of Jesus, recounted by John the Evangelist, which Eusebius doubtless has in mind: The Lord used to teach about those times and say: "The days will come when vines will grow, each having ten thousand shoots, and on each shoot ten thousand branches, and on each branch ten thousand twigs, and on each twig ten thousand clusters, and in each cluster ten thousand grapes, and each grape when crushed will yield twenty-five measures of wine. And when one of the saints takes hold of a cluster, another cluster will cry out, "I am better, take me, bless the Lord through me."...
- Human nature, as is evident by the fact that we have so many branches of Christianity (over 45,000 and growing), and these branches did not recently start growing. Neither did they spring from one root.
As you can see, it's easy to understand Jesus parable of the weeds and wheat. Matthew 13:24-30
The Christian congregation was allowed to become overrun with Satan's ministers. 2 Corinthians 11:15
I have every reason to believe the man of lawlessness - the rebellious apostates, infiltrated the congregation after the apostles were all gone, and as Paul said, "I know that after I leave, savage wolves will come in among you and will not spare the flock." Acts 20:29
I also have good evidence from the history of the dominant church at the time, that the clergy of that time "opposed and exalted himself over everything that is called God or is worshiped, so that he set himself up in God’s temple, proclaiming himself to be God." 2 Thessalonians 2:4
If I can't trust someone like Ignatius to have held firm to the apostolic doctrine, then that means nobody did; that means even the Bible is unreliable and there is no Christian Church anywhere.
I like your reasoning. Very good.
However, there are a few things about our God we do well to remember.
- God removes kings and sets up kings; he gives wisdom to the wise and knowledge to those who have understanding;. Daniel 2:21
- The corrupt priests in Israel - all gone (Jeremiah 23:1, 2)... and what does God say he will do... Then I Myself will gather the remnant of My flock from all the lands to which I have banished them, and I will return them to their pasture, where they will be fruitful and multiply. I will raise up shepherds over them who will tend them, and they will no longer be afraid or dismayed, nor will any go missing, declares the LORD. Jeremiah 23:3, 4
- Isaiah 50:2 Is my hand shortened, that it cannot redeem? Or have I no power to deliver? Behold, by my rebuke I dry up the sea, I make the rivers a desert; their fish stink for lack of water and die of thirst
It's important too, we understand why the Christian congregation was formed.
- Acts 1:4-8; Acts 2:1-4 The gospel needed to be preached to every nation.
- 1 Corinthians 12:1-30; 2 Corinthians 11:2 The gathering of the body of Christ was to be complete, and ready for the marriage to the lamb.
Neither of these purposes were yet realized, and since God's hand is not short...
We can illustrate it this way.
Suppose you wrote an important book to benefit everyone, which an enemy tries to destroy, by ripping the leaves out, tearing them, and throwing them from a cliff overlooking the ocean. Oh no. Your work is lost.
That's how it appears.
You may be delighted to hear someone talking about a portion of the book you wrote. Then you hear another portion being discussed. Another... and yet, another.
What happened is that fragments of your book were found by various persons, and what you wrote spread, in portions - not complete.
What if you filled in the gaps for those who were interested enough, not only to read those portions, but also share them.
This illustrates what happened with the remnants of truth in the Christian congregation.
They spread. They were picked up. They were built upon with the help of God's spirit.
Recall, that it is God who chooses, as he knows the heart.
The scriptures bears out this illustration for us in the case of God's people - ancient and modern.
Isaiah 10:21, 22; Isaiah 11:11, 12, 16; Jeremiah 23:3, 4; Micah 2:12; Micah 4:1-6
God collects his people into his pen.
This has been "God's MO" throughout generations. God has not changed.
The problem - which isn't really a problem if one are humble, is identifying the pen where Jesus has gathered / collected his sheep.
If a person is a sheep God will gather that person. -
Haggai 2:7
And I will shake all nations, so that the treasures of all nations shall come in, and I will fill this house with glory, says the LORD of hosts.
John 6:44
No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him.
John 10:14, 27
14 I am the good shepherd. I know My sheep and My sheep know Me,
27 My sheep listen to My voice; I know them, and they follow Me.
Unless, of course, someone somewhere claims to have restored it, but if I were willing to believe that then I'd probably also believe in golden plates.
God is the restorer oh his things. Not man.
God restored Israel. God restored the temple after allowing Babylon to sack it.
The restored temple was more magnificent than the previous. It was a beauty.
The Christian congregation that God restores today, must be a beauty. Finding gems are hard.
It requires diligent persistence in searching.
Should I believe in golden plates? Or should I believe in the Christian Church?
-CryptoLutheran
I hear this expression "Christian Church". Is that one particular denomination, or all the denominations combined?
To answer your question though... You should believe what the Bible teaches. Then you will know the truth.
If you know the congregation of God, then stick to it.
If you aren't sure, then search for it.
The Bible is your guide, and prayer is your
S.O.S signal