Life begins at conception. When does personhood start?
This is the heart of the issue. Right here. You nailed it.
Why does the child's "right to life" supersede the mother's rights? You have a situation here where there are simply two contradictory interests. Whatever position you hold, someone's rights get ignored. Why should it be the woman's?
Forget abortion for a second. Let's just think about life in general - your rights as a human living in the good ole US of A. If you were to order the rights that you think are most important to you, and you had three of them - life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness - which would you put at the top? Surely you would put life at the top, right? Wouldn't everyone? Doesn't everyone?
If my pursuit of happiness is dependent upon killing you, I don't think you would have a problem saying your right to life trumps my pursuit of happiness. Would you?
When we look at the laws in America, we can be certain that under all circumstances, the law seeks to protect the innocent. The only time when people risk losing their liberty or life it is a direct result of their individual choice to break the law. Yes, it is true that innocent people are convicted of crimes at times, but that is reflective of a failure of the practice of law as carried out by imperfect people. But the law itself never intends to do harm to innocent individuals.
It is not a difficult thing to say that the human life inside a mother’s womb is indeed innocent. So why is abortion legal? Both The Biblical evidence and scientific evidence are in agreement that human life begins at conception. The answer lies in a fabricated and arbitrary distinction known as Personhood. Advocates of abortion have created a distinction between a human being and a human person. The argument is that human beings do not possess natural rights, only human persons do.
The human life can be broken into stages such as this: Zygote --> Embryo --> Fetus --> New Born --> Infant --> Toddler --> Adolescent --> Teenager --> Young Adult --> Adult --> Elderly. People who are Pro-Choice, in order to justify the killing of innocent humans must create an arbitrary line where a human qualifies for personhood. One simple method we can use to demonstrate the arbitrary nature of this line is by looking at all the different views as to when a human becomes a person. Some Pro-Choice advocates argue viability; arguing that until the fetus is able to be medically kept alive outside the womb that abortion is acceptable. The problem with this of course is that this line is going to be slightly different for each baby, and as we advance medically, this line will change. Thus, this position is not based on anything related to the nature of the child, but upon our medical technology.
Some Pro-Choice advocates draw the line at the first, second, or third trimester. Some even approve of partial-birth abortion, arguing that so long as the baby is in the womb, or even partly in the womb that it is not considered a human person.
The point is that all these lines are entirely arbitrary. The real question we need to ask is why even make this distinction? The answer is as obvious as it is alarming. The creation of a distinction between a human being and a human person only exists so that we can justify
doing something to the human being that we would otherwise consider immoral.
Remember, the law seeks at all times to protect innocent people. If we can say that a fetus is not a person, then they are excluded from the protection of the law.