Did Judas partake in the bread and the wine at the last supper?

tonychanyt · Dec 30, 2024

The gospel accounts are a bit confusing, but I think he heard it. Here is my attempt at ordering the relevant events.

Lk 22:
The gospel accounts are a bit confusing, but I think he did. Here is my attempt at ordering the relevant events.

Lk 22:

1 Now the Festival of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, was approaching, 2 and the chief priests and the teachers of the law were looking for some way to get rid of Jesus, for they were afraid of the people. 3 Then Satan entered Judas, called Iscariot, one of the Twelve. 4 And Judas went to the chief priests and the officers of the temple guard and discussed with them how he might betray Jesus. 5 They were delighted and agreed to give him money. 6 He consented, and watched for an opportunity to hand Jesus over to them when no crowd was present.

Mk 14:

10 Judas Iscariot, one of the Twelve, went to the chief priests to betray Jesus to them. 11 They were delighted to hear this, and they promised to give him money. So Judas began to look for an opportunity to betray Jesus.

Mt 26:

14 One of the Twelve—the one called Judas Iscariot—went to the chief priests 15 and asked, “What are you willing to give me if I deliver him over to you?” So they counted out for him thirty pieces of silver. 16 From then on Judas watched for an opportunity to hand him over.

Judas agreed to betray Jesus before the start of the Last Supper.

Time to eat, Lk 22:

14 When the hour came, he reclined at table, and the apostles with him. 15 And he said to them, “I have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer. 16 For I tell you I will not eat it until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God.”

Jn 13:

2 The evening meal was in progress, and the devil had already prompted Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot, to betray Jesus. 3 Jesus knew that the Father had put all things under his power, and that he had come from God and was returning to God; 4 so he got up from the meal, took off his outer clothing, and wrapped a towel around his waist. 5 After that, he poured water into a basin and began to wash his disciples’ feet, drying them with the towel that was wrapped around him.

Jesus washed his disciples' feet.

Lk 22

19 He took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, “This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.” 20 And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, “This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood. 21 But behold, the hand of him who betrays me is with me on the table.

Look!
ἰδοὺ (idou)
Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular
Strong's 2400: See! Lo! Behold! Look! Second person singular imperative middle voice of eido; used as imperative lo!

According to Luke, Judas was there with Jesus. He heard Jesus say, "This is my body". Luke was emphatic (G2400) about it.

22 For the Son of Man goes as it has been determined, but woe to that man by whom he is betrayed!” 23 And they began to question one another, which of them it could be who was going to do this.

Mark gave more dramatic detail in 14:

17 When evening came, Jesus arrived with the Twelve. 18 And while they were reclining and eating, Jesus said, “Truly I tell you, one of you who is eating with Me will betray Me.”
19 They began to be grieved and to ask Him one after another, “Surely not I?”
20 He answered, “It is one of the Twelve—the one who is dipping his hand into the bowl with me.

Who dipped his hand into the bowl with Jesus?

21 The Son of Man will go just as it is written about Him, but woe to that man by whom He is betrayed! It would be better for him if he had not been born.” 22 And as they were eating, he took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to them, and said, “Take; this is my body.”

Mk 14:21's woe parallels Lk 22:22's. According to Luke, "This is my body" came before Jesus pronounced the woe. According to Mark, "This is my body" came after the woe. Matthew sided with Mark and added more detail, Mt 26:

20 When evening came, Jesus was reclining at the table with the Twelve. 21 And while they were eating, he said, “Truly I tell you, one of you will betray me.”
22 They were very sad and began to say to him one after the other, “Surely you don’t mean me, Lord?”
23 Jesus replied, “The one who has dipped his hand into the bowl with me will betray me. 24 The Son of Man will go just as it is written about him. But woe to that man who betrays the Son of Man! It would be better for him if he had not been born.”

According to Matthew, Jesus pronounced the woe before he said, "This is my body."

25 Then Judas, the one who would betray him, said, “Surely you don’t mean me, Rabbi?”
Jesus answered, “You have said so.”

Matthew identified the betrayer's name.

26 While they were eating, Jesus took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to his disciples, saying, “Take and eat; this is my body.”
27 Then he took a cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you. 28 This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. 29 I tell you, I will not drink from this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.”

Did Jesus pronounce the woe on Judas before he said, "This is my body"?

Luke was emphatic ("But look, behold") that Judas heard it before the woe. I go with Luke.

Now, let's assume that Mark and Matthew's order was correct. Jesus pronounced the woe first. Still, none of the synoptic gospels mentioned exactly when Judas left the party. He could still hear Jesus say, "This is my body," after the woe.

The only gospel that mentioned Judas' leaving was Jn 13:

21b Jesus was troubled in spirit and testified, “Very truly I tell you, one of you is going to betray me.”
22 His disciples stared at one another, at a loss to know which of them he meant. 23 One of them, the disciple whom Jesus loved, was reclining next to him. 24 Simon Peter motioned to this disciple and said, “Ask him which one he means.”
25 Leaning back against Jesus, he asked him, “Lord, who is it?”
26 Jesus answered, “It is the one to whom I will give this piece of bread when I have dipped it in the dish.” Then, dipping the piece of bread, he gave it to Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot. 27 As soon as Judas took the bread, Satan entered into him.
So Jesus told him, “What you are about to do, do quickly.” 28 But no one at the meal understood why Jesus said this to him. 29 Since Judas had charge of the money, some thought Jesus was telling him to buy what was needed for the festival, or to give something to the poor. 30 As soon as Judas had taken the bread, he went out. And it was night.

John didn't mention the woe.

Here is the chronological sequence of events:

Before the Last Supper, Judas agreed to betray Jesus (all Gospels).
Time to start the supper (Lk 22:14).
Jesus washes his disciples’ feet (Jn 13:5).
Jesus said, "This is my body" (Lk 22:19, Mk 14:22, Mt 26:26).
Jesus said, "One of you will betray me" (Mk 14:17, Mt 26:20, Jn 13:21).
Jesus said, "One who dips … with me" (Mk 14:20, Mt 26:23).
Jesus gave the dipped bread to Judas (Jn 13:26).
Jesus pronounced a woe on the betrayer (Mk 14:21, Mt 26:24, Lk 22:22).
Judas left the supper (Jn 13:30).
Jesus foretold Peter’s denial (all Gospels).

Jesus instituted the communion in the hearing of Judas. Judas partook in the bread and wine.

1 Now the Festival of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, was approaching, 2 and the chief priests and the teachers of the law were looking for some way to get rid of Jesus, for they were afraid of the people. 3 Then Satan entered Judas, called Iscariot, one of the Twelve. 4 And Judas went to the chief priests and the officers of the temple guard and discussed with them how he might betray Jesus. 5 They were delighted and agreed to give him money. 6 He consented, and watched for an opportunity to hand Jesus over to them when no crowd was present.

Mk 14:

10 Judas Iscariot, one of the Twelve, went to the chief priests to betray Jesus to them. 11 They were delighted to hear this, and they promised to give him money. So Judas began to look for an opportunity to betray Jesus.

Mt 26:

14 One of the Twelve—the one called Judas Iscariot—went to the chief priests 15 and asked, “What are you willing to give me if I deliver him over to you?” So they counted out for him thirty pieces of silver. 16 From then on Judas watched for an opportunity to hand him over.

Judas agreed to betray Jesus before the start of the Last Supper.

Time to eat, Lk 22:

14 When the hour came, he reclined at table, and the apostles with him. 15 And he said to them, “I have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer. 16 For I tell you I will not eat it until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God.”

Jn 13:

2 The evening meal was in progress, and the devil had already prompted Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot, to betray Jesus. 3 Jesus knew that the Father had put all things under his power, and that he had come from God and was returning to God; 4 so he got up from the meal, took off his outer clothing, and wrapped a towel around his waist. 5 After that, he poured water into a basin and began to wash his disciples’ feet, drying them with the towel that was wrapped around him.

Jesus washed his disciples' feet.

Lk 22

19 He took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, “This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.” 20 And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, “This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood. 21 But behold, the hand of him who betrays me is with me on the table.

Look!
ἰδοὺ (idou)
Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular
Strong's 2400: See! Lo! Behold! Look! Second person singular imperative middle voice of eido; used as imperative lo!

According to Luke, Judas was there with Jesus. He heard Jesus say, "This is my body". Luke was emphatic (G2400) about it.

22 For the Son of Man goes as it has been determined, but woe to that man by whom he is betrayed!” 23 And they began to question one another, which of them it could be who was going to do this.

Mark gave more dramatic detail in 14:

17 When evening came, Jesus arrived with the Twelve. 18 And while they were reclining and eating, Jesus said, “Truly I tell you, one of you who is eating with Me will betray Me.”
19 They began to be grieved and to ask Him one after another, “Surely not I?”
20 He answered, “It is one of the Twelve—the one who is dipping his hand into the bowl with me.

Who dipped his hand into the bowl with Jesus?

21 The Son of Man will go just as it is written about Him, but woe to that man by whom He is betrayed! It would be better for him if he had not been born.” 22 And as they were eating, he took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to them, and said, “Take; this is my body.”

Mk 14:21's woe parallels Lk 22:22' woe. According to Luke "this is my body" came before Jesus pronounced the woe. According to Mark, "this is my body" came after the woe. Matthew sided with Mark and added more detail, Mt 26:

20 When evening came, Jesus was reclining at the table with the Twelve. 21 And while they were eating, he said, “Truly I tell you, one of you will betray me.”
22 They were very sad and began to say to him one after the other, “Surely you don’t mean me, Lord?”
23 Jesus replied, “The one who has dipped his hand into the bowl with me will betray me. 24 The Son of Man will go just as it is written about him. But woe to that man who betrays the Son of Man! It would be better for him if he had not been born.”

According to Matthew, Jesus pronounced the woe before he said, "this is my body".

25 Then Judas, the one who would betray him, said, “Surely you don’t mean me, Rabbi?”
Jesus answered, “You have said so.”

Matthew identified the betrayer's name.

26 While they were eating, Jesus took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to his disciples, saying, “Take and eat; this is my body.”
27 Then he took a cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you. 28 This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. 29 I tell you, I will not drink from this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.”

Did Jesus pronounce the woe on Judas before he said, "this is my body"?

Luke was emphatic ("But look, behold") that Judas heard it before the woe. I go with Luke.

Now, let's assume that Mark and Matthew's order was correct. Jesus pronounced the woe first. Still, none of the synoptic gospels mentioned exactly when Judas left the party. He could still hear Jesus say, "this is my body" after the woe.

The only gospel that mentioned Judas' leaving was Jn 13:

21b Jesus was troubled in spirit and testified, “Very truly I tell you, one of you is going to betray me.”
22 His disciples stared at one another, at a loss to know which of them he meant. 23 One of them, the disciple whom Jesus loved, was reclining next to him. 24 Simon Peter motioned to this disciple and said, “Ask him which one he means.”
25 Leaning back against Jesus, he asked him, “Lord, who is it?”
26 Jesus answered, “It is the one to whom I will give this piece of bread when I have dipped it in the dish.” Then, dipping the piece of bread, he gave it to Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot. 27 As soon as Judas took the bread, Satan entered into him.
So Jesus told him, “What you are about to do, do quickly.” 28 But no one at the meal understood why Jesus said this to him. 29 Since Judas had charge of the money, some thought Jesus was telling him to buy what was needed for the festival, or to give something to the poor. 30 As soon as Judas had taken the bread, he went out. And it was night.

John didn't mention the woe.

Here is the chronological sequence of events:

Before the Last Supper, Judas agreed to betray Jesus (all Gospels).
Time to start the supper (Lk 22:14).
Jesus washes his disciples’ feet (Jn 13:5).
Jesus said, "this is my body" (Lk 22:19, Mk 14:22, Mt 26:26).
Jesus said "one of you will betray me" (Mk 14:17, Mt 26:20, Jn 13:21).
Jesus said "one who dips … with me" (Mk 14:20, Mt 26:23).
Jesus gave the dipped bread to Judas (Jn 13:26).
Jesus pronounced a woe on the betrayer (Mk 14:21, Mt 26:24, Lk 22:22).
Judas left the supper (Jn 13:30).
Jesus foretold Peter’s denial (all Gospels).

Jesus instituted the communion in the hearing of Judas.

Did Judas partake in the bread and the wine at the last supper?

tonychanyt

24/7 Christian

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Did Judas partake in the bread and the wine at the last supper?

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