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“What good is it … if someone says he has faith but does not have works?” asks the Epistle of St. James. “Can that faith save him?” (Jas 2:14). One implication of this rhetorical question is that authentic faith will necessarily yield good works. The grace imparted by our faith in the Risen Lord supply both the means and the motivation to perform spiritual and corporal works of mercy. “I will demonstrate my faith … from my works,” the author declares (Jas 2:18). Works are a kind of proof of faith.
In the Catholic tradition, we also understand that good works are a means of developing, exercising and growing into one’s faith. The author of the epistle uses Abraham as the paradigmatic example of this. Abraham’s works were not in addition to his faith but a necessary aspect of it. “You see that faith was active along with his works,” explains St. James, “and faith was completed by his works” (Jas 2:22). Abraham’s works breathed life into his faith — they animated it. Thus, the epistle famously declares: “faith … if it does not have works, is dead” (Jas 2:17).
Put another way, in the context of Christian faith, works themselves are grace-receiving and grace-bearing. Because of the merits of Christ, works convey grace both to the recipient of good works and to those who perform them. Works of penance after confession are the most obvious example of this dynamic, intimate, inseparable relationship between the faith and works that, together, bear salvific grace. Jesus, himself, affirms this relationship as recorded in the Gospel of St. Matthew: “Whatever you did for one of the least brothers of mine, you did for me” (Mt 25:40). The context both in the Gospel and the epistle, of course, is the death and resurrection of Christ. The gratuitous work of Our Risen Lord makes it all possible.
Continued below.
In the Catholic tradition, we also understand that good works are a means of developing, exercising and growing into one’s faith. The author of the epistle uses Abraham as the paradigmatic example of this. Abraham’s works were not in addition to his faith but a necessary aspect of it. “You see that faith was active along with his works,” explains St. James, “and faith was completed by his works” (Jas 2:22). Abraham’s works breathed life into his faith — they animated it. Thus, the epistle famously declares: “faith … if it does not have works, is dead” (Jas 2:17).
Put another way, in the context of Christian faith, works themselves are grace-receiving and grace-bearing. Because of the merits of Christ, works convey grace both to the recipient of good works and to those who perform them. Works of penance after confession are the most obvious example of this dynamic, intimate, inseparable relationship between the faith and works that, together, bear salvific grace. Jesus, himself, affirms this relationship as recorded in the Gospel of St. Matthew: “Whatever you did for one of the least brothers of mine, you did for me” (Mt 25:40). The context both in the Gospel and the epistle, of course, is the death and resurrection of Christ. The gratuitous work of Our Risen Lord makes it all possible.
Questions explored in ‘Absolution’
Continued below.
Works without faith are dead, Alice McDermott's new novel shows
Can we be absolved of our sins by works alone — even if they are good works — apart from the faith by which we receive and affirm God’s grace? These are the questions posed and explored by Alice McDermott’s splendid new novel, “Absolution.”
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