oh, roses and I are real friends. yes, I think I can give you some help.
First, if your rose was grafted onto a root you may see that the rose died and the root rose lives, which is an ugly red rose shrub called Dr. Huey. If you find that has happened, you can dig up the rose and start over with another. I don't know what zone you live in, but I mention this because in the colder zones, roses are often grafted onto stronger rooted roses, but without proper over-wintering, they tend to die and leave the ugly red rose.
okay. I tend not to cut my roses until spring, though many will tell you to cut in the fall. I let them be in the fall, and tie them together if they are tall, so winter winds don't blow them around. In the spring, after no frost concern, cut them - read up on how to, shrubs and climbers get cut differently. Now, it's really important after each growing of new stems and leaves that you spray them with an anti-fungal spray - they even sell a combination anti-fungal and insect repellant. I spray about every 6 weeks, and if you get the rose leaves that spring, when it rains all the time and is cool... then you have saved it from getting diseases like black spot. If you do nothing else, you have allowed it to keep it's leaves and that will mean it will absorb sunshine and grow and you will get a healthy rose bush in no time at all, with probably a big difference after one growth season.
good luck, there just aren't enough roses around.