Please rephrase your argument or find an example other than women's suffrage.
I'll try to do both, but I'll start by re-quoting your statement that is in question:
You start by considering the effects of your actions on others as much as possible, not by asking what are your rights and shifting responsibility to others to prove the effects that the ways you intend to act on those rights will have on others.
The actions you speak of here would apply to gay marriage, inappropriate contentography, or marijuana like you listed in your OP right? So what we're talking about is an action that someone wants to do. Then the person who wants to do that action, needs to consider the effects of that action on others, and you shouldn't consider it a right to begin with because that would shift the responsibility of proof to the people who would be affected by your actions.
I want to do A.
A is illegal.
I consider how doing A effects other people.
A is not a right.
Other people don't have to explain why A is bad to them.
Do I have it right so far? I'll use one of the examples you listed to illustrate it more.
I want to smoke marijuana.
Marijuana is illegal.
I consider how my smoking of marijuana affects other people.
Smoking marijuana is not a right.
Other people don't have to explain why my smoking of marijuana is bad for them.
Really just trying to get it down to bare bones as possible.
So now let's go back in time, and put in something you agree with, but wasn't always legal.
I am a woman and I want to vote.
Voting as a woman is illegal.
I consider how my voting as a woman affects other people.
Voting is not a right for me.
Other people don't have to explain why my voting as a woman is bad for them.
Or...
I am African American and I want to vote.
Voting as an African American is illegal.
I consider how my voting as an African American affects other people.
Voting is not a right for me.
Other people don't have to explain why my voting as an African American is bad for them.
Or if we go further back in time...
I want to practice a form of Christianity other than Catholicism.
Practicing another form of Christianity is illegal.
I consider how my leaving the Catholic church affects other people.
Practicing another form of Christianity is not a right.
Other people don't have to explain why me leaving the Catholic church is bad for them.
So is there some part where your statement does not match my logical breakdown of it? Or is there some difference between the actions that these people wanted to do a long time ago and the actions people want to do today that makes them immune from your logic?