I apologize.
Then dismantle Matthew 27: 55
“Among them were Mary Magdalene and MARY THE MOTHER OF JAMES AND JOSEPH, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.”
This “Mary” is obviously the mother of the same James and Joseph mentioned in Matt 13:55.
No, not obviously. As I said before, James and Joseph were not uncommon names at that time. In fact, they were probably at least as common as Joshua is today and I have 3 of those just in my church, and 2 more at my workplace.
If you read all the references to Mary, the mother of James and Joseph, you will see that she is also called Mary, the mother of James the Lesser and Joseph. James the Lesser is one of Jesus' disciples (not to be confused with James, the son of Zebedee). Yet none of Jesus' brothers was numbered among Jesus' disciples. So this is obviously a different James.
"Brothers" has more that one meaning.
Not according to Strong's Concordance. I don't think you read post #113-114 where all this stuff has been refuted.
Both
adelphos and
suggenes mean kinsmen. Adelphos, as you can see by the link to Strong's Greek Concordance, it means a brother, member of the same religious community, especially a fellow-Christian.
According to Strong's concordance (if you look at the link you yourself provided), brother means 'brother', coming from the word "Delphos" (which is 'womb') and the prefix "alpha", thus making the meaning literally 'of the same womb.'
As to more than one meaning, that is where context is important. As noted in Thayer's Greek Lexicon, the most normal, most obvious meaning of the word is 'a brother born either of the same two parents, or the same mother.' Of course, this is partly determined by context. I will deal more with this after the next section.
Luke 22:32 - Jesus tells Peter to strengthen his "brethren." In this case, we clearly see Jesus using "brethren" to refer to the other apostles, not his biological brothers.
Acts 1:12-15 - the gathering of Jesus' "brothers" amounts to about 120. That is a lot of "brothers." Brother means kinsmen in Hebrew.
Acts 7:26; 11:1; 13:15,38; 15:3,23,32; 28:17,21 - these are some of many other examples where "brethren" does not mean blood relations.
Rom. 9:3 - Paul uses "brethren" and "kinsmen" interchangeably. "Brothers" of Jesus does not prove Mary had other children.
Gen. 11:26-28 - Lot is Abraham's nephew ("anepsios") / Gen. 13:8; 14:14,16 - Lot is still called Abraham's brother (adelphos") . This proves that, although a Greek word for cousin is "anepsios," Scripture also uses "adelphos" to describe a cousin.
Gen. 29:15 - Laban calls Jacob is "brother" even though Jacob is his nephew. Again, this proves that brother means kinsmen or cousin.
Deut. 23:7; 1 Chron. 15:5-18; Jer. 34:9; Neh. 5:7 -"brethren" means kinsmen. Hebrew and Aramaic have no word for "cousin."
2 Sam. 1:26; 1 Kings 9:13, 20:32 - here we see that "brethren" can even be one who is unrelated (no bloodline), such as a friend.
2 Kings 10:13-14 - King Ahaziah's 42 "brethren" were really his kinsmen.
1 Chron. 23:21-22 - Eleazar's daughters married their "brethren" who were really their cousins.
Neh. 4:14; 5:1,5,8,10,14 - these are more examples of "brothers" meaning "cousins" or "kinsmen."
Exodus 13:2,12 - Jesus is sometimes referred to as the "first-born" son of Mary. But "first-born" is a common Jewish expression meaning the first child to open the womb. It has nothing to do the mother having future children.
Exodus 34:20 - under the Mosaic law, the "first-born" son had to be sanctified. "First-born" status does not require a "second" born.
So, this is where context is important. First of all, the OT was originally written in Hebrew, while the NT was originally written in Greek, with Mark and Luke specifically actually being Greek and not Jewish. So for the sake of brevity we should focus on the portion for which Greek was actually the original language.
Now, context. While brother can be used in more than one way, it's 'meaning' is, as I said, 'of the same womb.' I haven't argued that it couldn't be used differently, but as I said, when speaking of relations, the NT authors use the word 'suggenes.' But without getting too far into that, let's take a look at some specifics that provide better context.
Matthew 1:2 Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers [Adelphoi]
Matthew 1:11 Josiah the father of Jeconiah and his brothers [Adelphoi]
Matthew 4:18 As Jesus was walking by the sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers [Adelphoi], Simon called Peter and his brother [Adelphos] Andrew
Matthew 4:21 Going on from there, he saw two other brothers [Adelphoi], James son of Zebedee and his brother [Adelphos] John
Matthew 12:46-50 While Jesus was still talking to the crowd, his mother and brothers [Adelphoi] stood outside, wanting to speak to him. 47 Someone told him, “Your mother and brothers [Adelphoi] are standing outside, wanting to speak to you.” 48 He replied to him, “Who is my mother, and who are my brothers [Adelphoi]?” 49 Pointing to his disciples, he said, “Here are my mother and my brothers [Adelphoi]. 50 For whoever does the will of my Father in heaven is my brother [Adelphos] and sister and mother.”
I'm going to pause here for a moment to state the obvious. If 'Adelphoi' here were being used in the more generic sense of countrymen or members of the same religious group, then Jesus' response to them makes no sense. His disciples would already be considered his 'brothers' in that sense of the word. However, the context is clearly physical family. It was his mother and brothers. The phrase is used a couple other times later on.
Continuing to Matthew 13 we read:
“Where did this man get this wisdom and these miraculous powers?” they asked. 55 “Isn’t this the carpenter’s son? Isn’t his mother’s name Mary, and aren’t his brothers [Adelphos] James, Joseph, Simon and Judas? 56 Aren’t all his sisters [Adelphes] with us? Where then did this man get all these things?” 57 And they took offense at him.
The greater context in which this occurs is Jesus returning to His hometown to preach. The people hear Him and say, 'wait a minute, where is He getting this from? We know His mother. We know his brothers. We know His sisters.' Or in other words, 'isn't He just another man from this town?'
Now on another note here, not only does the context show that they're talking about his directly related brothers, but they name them. All 4 of them. "Are not His brothers James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas?" Again, if they are speaking in the broader, more generic terms that you suggest, every one of them is His brother. Why would his 'brothers' name his 'brothers', and only number them 4?
Moving on, there is a term that means 'Kinsman'. As I said before, that is 'Suggenes,' and is used several times to speak of relatives that weren't 'of the same womb,' the most notable being when Mary went to see her 'Suggenes' Elizabeth, and where Mary and Joseph realized Jesus wasn't with them and began to look for Him among their 'Suggenes' and friends. Therefore, it's obvious that these references to Jesus' brothers, based on the context, is neither the broad sense of countrymen or people of the same religious persuasion, nor the generic blood relative sense of people of the same tribe or 'kinsmen'.
Correct. Mary had no other children.
According to the Holy Scriptures she did.
People who deny the perpetual virginity of Mary can't be bothered with the scriptural evidence, change the meaning of words like "until", "brothers", etc., and have fallen victim of 18th century polemics, since none of the reformers taught this lunacy.
Actually, the idea of perpetual virginity was resisted from the time it was first introduced, but the already corrupt church branded anyone who opposed as a heretic. The scriptural evidence, without the corrupted influence of apocryphal books, is all for Mary having more children.
No, that was the devils advocate section. 2 sisters in the same family named Mary? Come on!!! Again, you didn't read my posts.
Ah. What I meant to say was that your argument rested on the James and Joseph who were the other Mary's sons being the same James and Joseph who were among Jesus' 4 brothers, which they are obviously not when you examine the evidence.