ok. Here is my current view on the relevance of Daniel 8 to Daniel 7, Daniel 2 and Revelation 13.
I will just put a quick summary of my reasoning currently (and this is pretty much straight off the top of my head without having had any coffee and stuck on the thinking hat)
I think first and foremost in studying these prophecies one has to be resolute in first understanding the theme of the entire book of daniel and this starts with his first vision. Everything else that follows must stay true to that theme and its highlighted in Chapter 2
(note in particular the last part of verse 28)
1In the second year of his reign, Nebuchadnezzar had dreams that troubled his spirit, and sleep escaped him.
5The king replied to the astrologers, “My word is final: If you do not tell me the dream and its interpretation, you will be cut into pieces and your houses will be reduced to rubble.
11What the king requests is so difficult that no one can tell it to him except the gods, whose dwelling is not with mortals.”
27Daniel answered the king, “No wise man, enchanter, medium, or magician can explain to the king the mystery of which he inquires. 28But there is a God in heaven who reveals mysteries, and He has made known to King Nebuchadnezzar what will happen in the latter days.
**most of the common translations use "latter days" here.
The
Amplified bible goes even further and adds "end of days"...
but there is a God in heaven who reveals secrets, and He has shown King Nebuchadnezzar what will take place in the latter days (end of days)
The JPS Tanakh 1917
but there is a God in heaven that revealeth secrets, and He hath made known to the king Nebuchadnezzar what shall be in the end of days.
So we have the following outline of visions God illustrated to Daniel leading up to the last days of the world...these are not merely about the last days of Nebuchadnezzar's reign...I do not believe any genuine research can interpret vs 28 is talking about that (Nebuchadnezzar has only just come to the throne and the overriding theme of chapter 2 irrefutably conflicts with that view)...this is very clearly about the distant future!
So we have:
Daniel 2 - Nebuchadnezzars dream about the future of the world from his time unto the Second coming of Jesus (kingdoms of Babylon, Medo Persia, Greece, and Rome, mixed kingdoms of Iron and Clay, finally second coming of Jesus)
Daniel 7 - more specific vision that now uses animals instead of earthly kings (Lion, Bear, Leopard, Awful beast...perhaps a dragon?) Daniel asks for specifics about this fourth beast...it is very clearly the final kingdom before the second coming as most believe that kingdom is fulfilling Bible prophecy now, although there is debate on whether or not it is driven by Papal Rome (I believe its the characteristics of this power that are really what are most important for this discussion, not specifically who it is)
Daniel 8 - a close look at the two kingdoms most relevant to Daniel at the time they are given...he is under the rulership of Babylon, however, it is about the be overthrown by the Medes and Persians. The most obvious links i see between the Ram in this chapter and the bear in ch 7:
1. the description of the "lopsided" nature of this Ram. You recall in Ch 7 the bear is also lopsided
2. the dream is obviously of future kingdoms...just like in ch 2 and 8
3. Antiochus Epiphanes - there are well-known insurmountable problems with this theory. When examined closely it can be seen that there is truth with error mixed into that narrative that simply does not fulfill bible prophecies...clearly, God has demonstrated that he sets the timeline not Satan...this attempt by the forces of evil in producing that counterfeit was a failure!
4. The deifying of Alexandar the Great by the Romans...that clearly establishes a strong link between the little horn that does not have eyes and ears and the one that does...and this link very obviously extends to Revelation 13
5. Also, the beast in Rev 13 is clearly about Daniel 7
2The beast I saw was like a leopard, with the feet of a bear and the mouth of a lion
6. The link with papacy...Rev 13:3 - this was fulfilled by Napolean when he took the pope prisoner around 1796-98
3One of the heads of the beast appeared to be mortally wounded. But the mortal wound was healed, and the whole world marveled and followed the beast.
What is really significant about the rise of Napolean is that he quickly realized that, just like Constantine centuries before, the power of religion (the beliefs of the people) equaled that of military might. Napolean could gain power in battle, but that was not enough for long term stability and the survival of his throne...
Napoleon realized the importance of religion as a means to increase obedience and his power and control over the French. It was not until the conclave of Cardinals had gathered to elect a new Pope that Napoleon decided to bury Pope Pius VI who had died several weeks earlier. He gave him a gaudy ceremony in an effort to gain the attention of the Catholic Church.
There we have evidence of the importance of the joining of state and false Christian religion...the little horn as was the case with Constantine a millennia before.
I think this is also the significance of its eyes and mouth which was not the case in the time of Greece.
EDIT...oh i found this quote from
Enclopedia Britannica concerning imprisoning of Pope Pius VI...
Pius VI, whose death in French captivity marked a collapse of the church’s central administration.
I also have this theory that the reason why God had daniel shut up the book until the time of the end is that this is fulfilled in modern readers being able to work backward in time to understand the meanings of the visions given to Daniel (and also to John in Revelation). Clearly, much of the prophetic time was still in the distant future even beyond John the revelator's time...I think this theory of mine (im sure many others have same) explains the prophetic visions timeline after Jesus ascension, throughout the middle ages period right up to 1844 extremely well.