And apes don't produce humans...
False. Humans ARE apes. When humans produce humans, apes are producing humans.
Just like humans ARE mammals. When humans produce humans, mammals are producing humans.
notice you broaden the species when it comes to primates,
"Primate" is not a species.
but see no contradiction to narrowing it for cats and dogs.
Both cats and dogs are mammals as well.
But felines and canines are seperate branches.
So let's be consistent, Apes don't produce humans.
As said: false. Humans are apes.
Cats and dogs are both mammals, so apparently you are aware of your own contradiction.
The contradiction only exists in your imagination / misunderstanding / ignorance.
Full scale view:
http://www.orthomam.univ-montp2.fr/orthomam/html/omm_v09_43taxa_ref_tree.jpg
So no matter how many millions of years one goes, if each child is the same species as its direct parents, then one never becomes a new species.
Failure to understand the accumulation of micro-changes.
Let's rephrase that sentence into something else, so you may see your error:
So no matter how many centuries/millenia one goes, if each child spoke the same language as its direct parents, then no new languages ever develop
Yet, the ancestors of those who speak Italian, Spanish, French, Portugese... spoke Latin.
But at no point throughout history did a Latin speaking parent raise a Spanish speaking child.
Every newborn was raised speaking the same language as its parents.
Let's also illustrate how accumulation works, so that you can finally understand that simple concept. Let's say, for the sake of simplicity, that every new generation is 0.001% different from its parents. That 0.001% represents the
mutation rate. As you are probably (or "hopefully") aware, every newborn comes with a set of mutations in its DNA. Just like every new generation introduces changes in spoken language.
We will use generation 0 as the reference parent population, which has the 100% match with itself. As said, every new generation will be 0.001% different from the generation
directly preceeding it.
Generation 1:
99.999% identical to generation 0
Generation 2:
99.998% identical to generation 0
Generation 3:
99.997% identical to generation 0
Generation 4:
99.996% identical to generation 0
Generation 5:
99.995% identical to generation 0
Generation 6:
99.994% identical to generation 0
Generation 7:
99.993% identical to generation 0
Generation 8:
99.992% identical to generation 0
......
Generation 1000:
99.000% identical to generation 0
Generation 1001:
98.999% identical to generation 0
....
Generation 15000:
85.000% identical to generation 0
Generation 15001:
84.999% identical to generation 0
Generation 15002:
84.998% identical to generation 0
...
Generation 50000:
50.000% identical to generation 0
Generation 50001:
49.999% identical to generation 0
etc etc etc
See? Generation 50000 is 99.999% identical to generation 49999. Yet, through the
accumulation of the 0.001% micro-changes, generation 50000 is now just a mere 50% identical to the reference generation 0.
A difference of a mere 0.001% is not enough to consider it a new species (or a new language).
However, a difference of 50% is a whole different ballgame.
In this simplistic example,
every new generation is of the same species / speaks the same language as its
direct parents.
Do you understand now, what accumulation of changes inevitably leads to? I'll help you out in answering that, just to be sure: BIG CHANGES
Language is a manmade invention and has nothing to do with evolution
Evolution of languages is a perfect example of how the accumulation of micro-changes, inevitably leads to big changes. Every newborn is raised to speak the language of its parents. Yet, the ancestors of italian speaking folks, didn't speak italian.
Or were you under the impression that Latin speaking folks at some point had a meeting and decided to invent Italian overnight?
At no point in history has any human given birth to a child that speaks at all.