What makes you think I haven't? In investigating John 3:5-6 many years ago, I came across an explanation of the verses in a commentary that pointed out that the word rendered "and" in verse 5 ("born of water and the Spirit") could be rendered "even" which changes the sense of the verse significantly. It would read, "born of water even the Spirit," making the water and the Spirit one and the same thing. Verse 6, though, seems to weaken this interpretation, however, by emphasizing two different and distinct births: a fleshly birth and a spiritual one. In any case, I am aware that the conjunction "and" may have both a copulative and a cumulative force.
Yes good study, sorry for insinuating you had not, but few do.
I don't think Christ referring to amniotic fluid as "water" was intended as a literal description of the fluid. It seems pretty obvious to me he was speaking figuratively when he referred to "water" in John 3:5. He wasn't giving Nicodemus a lesson in the chemistry of amniotic fluid, so a figurative reference to the fluid as "water" would be perfectly all right - and apt.
Nicodemus is not having any problem understanding the first birth, but he is questioning what the second birth is, since it cannot be reentering your mother’s womb. There is no reason for Christ to bring up the natural physical first birth. I have not found any reference to the natural first birth being called a “water” birth, but have you?
Water baptism was practiced for women converts to Judaism as a “birth”. Water baptized the earth for Noah, making it new. The people leaving Egypt were water “baptized” in the Red Sea.
For Nicodemus to submit to John’s baptism would have been a huge change of life for him. Everything Nicodemus had work for to become would become worthless (dead) and he would have to virtually start again like being born again, under these uneducated commoners call apostles who had been considered by all his friends and himself to be way below them.
This is an...odd way to assess John 3:5-6 and its context. When I look at the exchange between Nicodemus and Jesus, the question Nicodemus asked is very clear and Jesus' response to his question is also clear (and direct). It seems to me, then, that Jesus did address the question Nicodemus verbalized.
Nicodemus’ first addresses Jesus with: “Rabbi, we know that you are a teacher who has come from God. For no one could perform the signs you are doing if God were not with him.”
And Jesus responds with: “Very truly I tell you, no one can see the kingdom of God unless they are born again.”
How, where, and why did Jesus come up with that response? There is nothing in Nicodemus’ greeting that would suggest such a response. It is not anything like a simple exchange.
Look at other one on one exchanges Jesus had, especially where the agenda of the person approaching Jesus is not known and see how the comments a Jesus are anything but a simple exchange.
Nicodemus as a Pharisee had all the answers and could talk a lot about the “Kingdom of God”, but he was not prepared for Jesus’ line of questioning, so did Jesus make this statement to everyone he came up to or just Nicodemus?
Jesus is not out making general philosophical statements to go into some book, but focuses on the individual being addressed (or the small group) and really what is on their heart.
To understand the comment Jesus made to Nicodemus we need to get into Nicodemus’ head at that particular moment, because Jesus is communicating directly to Nicodemus and for Nicodemus.
If Nicodemus is willing (not publicly willing, he is coming at night) to acknowledge: “you are a teacher who has come from God”, then he would also be acknowledging John the Baptist was from God (but again not publicly). “Everyone” believed John the Baptist was from God:
Matt. 21:32 For John came to you to show you the way of righteousness, and you did not believe him, but the tax collectors and the prostitutes did. And even after you saw this, you did not repent and believe him.
John 12:42 Yet at the same time many even among the leaders believed in him. But because of the Pharisees they would not openly acknowledge their faith for fear they would be put out of the synagogue; 43 for they loved human praise more than praise from God
Nicodemus did not come saying “You are the Messiah”, which he would probably would be considering, but John’s baptism was unquestionably seen as being from God, but again something the pharisees could not publicly acknowledge because: “They had not been baptized by John’s baptism”, which is where Nicodemus resided. Nicodemus knew he should be baptized by John but had to refuse since: “they loved human praise more than praise from God”.
Jesus would not go past what Nicodemus already knew he should be doing, if your not going to do what you already know to do, why go further?
To answer this with any accuracy you would have to have a very good idea of where Nicodemus was in his understanding and practice of Judaism, what his understanding of the teachings of Christ was, and what his attitude toward Jesus was, too. You don't have this information so, it seems to me, any conclusions you come to in answer to your question above are at best educated guesses and at worst blind assumptions. It is never a good idea, I think, to assess Scripture from such poor bases.
We know Nicodemus was a Pharisee, part of the religious leaders in Jerusalem, was coming at night, later did speak up but to timid to follow through, seem to believe something very positive about Christ in the end (burying Him), he would not have submitted to John’s baptism, Jesus just “spoken to you of earthly things” which could include John’s baptism (not of spiritual things), will leave his encounter with Christ uncommitted, and remained part of the Sanhedrin up to Christ’s death.
I do not see it that hard to put ourselves in Nicodemus’ shoes.
Why not avoid all this speculation and simply take what the text offers? I am very wary of the sort of loose extrapolation in which you're engaging. It's a path that can quickly lead you off into lah-lah land.
The first two comments by Nicodemus and Christ show this is not a normal conversation and we are going to have to think beyond just the words.
The “why” something is said is very significant.
How does being smart have anything to do with whether or not Nicodemus knows he should be baptized? And why should Nicodemus have any particular ideas about baptism at all?
Nicodemus knew OT scripture and could easily realize what John was saying was consistent with OT prophets. People not familiar with scripture might not be able to put the prophecies together.
Matt 21: 23 Jesus entered the temple courts, and, while he was teaching,
the chief priests and the elders of the people came to him. “By what authority are you doing these things?” they asked. “And who gave you this authority?”
24 Jesus replied, “
I will also ask you one question.
If you answer me,
I will tell you by what authority I am doing these things. 25
John’s baptism—where did it come from? Was it from heaven, or of human origin?”
They discussed it among themselves and said, “
If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will ask, ‘Then why didn’t you believe him?’ 26 But if we say, ‘Of human origin’—we are afraid of the people, for
they all hold that John was a prophet.”
“All had gone out to be baptized by John”, yet the Pharisees could not belittled John, but for their own prestige could not acknowledge John as a prophet so to save face and retain their pride say “we do not know” but that is a lie, since Christ did not accept that answer, so they did know!
You have no concrete idea whether it was a "hot topic" or not. This is sheer speculation you're indulging in here. This is not a good way to approach understanding God's word.
All the people when out to be baptized by John.
??? If it was already on the mind of Nicodemus, why would he have to think hard about it? And how do you know it was on his mind at all? The text gives you no ground whatever for thinking it was.
When I know, I have to do something, yet because of a false since of “pride” I refuse to do it, that something weighs on me extremely hard.
People will do almost anything to avoid humbly accepting charity (help) from a sacrificial giver even when they really need the help. Nicodemus really needed John’s help (God’s help) to repent (change his ways) and accept a new formula of for salvation (repenting and depending on God’s Love (forgiveness).
Nicodemus like all of us suppress our burdens of sin all kinds of ways, but Christ would be bringing the sin to the forefront. We might think if Nicodemus needed to be baptized, why did Jesus not first say: “Nicodemus have one of my disciples baptize you right now?”
The problem with that is: it is Christ’s choice for Nicodemus and not Nicodemus’ free will choice. With that Nicodemus can say: “I was baptized because a person I thought to be a prophet told me to be baptized, so I had no choice but to obey”, suggesting it was not really his personal choice. There would have been no “counting of the cost” to the Nicodemus’ choice to be baptized. If Nicodemus decides personally, he needs to be baptized by John’s baptism, can he say Jesus made me do it? Those are not the actual words Christ said, but Christ through figurative language went around the subject and let Nicodemus think it out.
We today might have a hard time figuring out what Jesus was trying to get Nicodemus to do from Jesus’ words, but placing myself in Nicodemus’ shoes it all seems logical.