Hello Unmasked,
You are correct in that Judaism does not believe in hell. As hard as it is for many Christians to believe, hell is introduced by Jesus and John the Baptist. I had a priest give a homily about how Moses was all hell, fire and brimstone and now Jesus countered that with 'love'. Well Moses taught love and Jesus quoted Moses on Love. Moses or any of Old Testament prophets never taught of the torment of burning in hell, hell is a new teaching of Jesus. Old Testament prophets taught of spiritual life and spiritual death after physical life, but there is no mention of the torment of burning in hell for all eternity. So you are right in that there is no hell in Jewish teachings.
As far as knowing Jesus and then rejecting Jesus, this did not go over well for the Jewish people of Jesus' day or in our day. Many of the Jewish Pharisees were baptized by John and followed Jesus. Jesus did not exalt the Jewish leaders as God's chosen few to inherit the 'Kingdom of God' above the repentant tax collectors and prostitutes. For this reason the Jewish leaders murdered and rejected Jesus. Thus we have the Catholic Church who did accept Jesus. Rejecting Jesus for any reason, whether it be the evil in the Jewish leaders hearts, or any other reason, is not the path to eternal life. To believe in Jesus Christ, the Messiah of the Jews, is the path to eternal life. Whether you believe that you will burn in hell for all eternity or not, you will not go to heaven outside of doing so through the blood of Jesus. You have rejected Jesus therefore, like the Jews of Jesus day, this puts you in a tough spot as far as going to heaven. And, yes, Jesus taught that if you reject Him and His teaching, you go to hell.
NAB2 MAR 8:38
Whoever is ashamed of me and of my words in this faithless and sinful generation, the Son of Man will be ashamed of when he comes in his Father's glory with the holy angels."
NAB2 LUK 10:8
Whatever town you enter and they welcome you, eat what is set before you, cure the sick in it and say to them, 'The kingdom of God is at hand for you.' Whatever town you enter and they do not receive you, go out into the streets and say, 'The dust of your town that clings to our feet, even that we shake off against you.' Yet know this: the kingdom of God is at hand. I tell you, it will be more tolerable for Sodom on that day than for that town. "Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the mighty deeds done in your midst had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would long ago have repented, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. But it will be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the judgment than for you. And as for you, Capernaum, 'Will you be exalted to heaven? You will go down to the netherworld.'" Whoever listens to you listens to me. Whoever rejects you rejects me. And whoever rejects me rejects the one who sent me." The seventy (-two) returned rejoicing, and said, "Lord, even the demons are subject to us because of your name." Jesus said, "I have observed Satan fall like lightning from the sky. Behold, I have given you the power 'to tread upon serpents' and scorpions and upon the full force of the enemy and nothing will harm you. Nevertheless, do not rejoice because the spirits are subject to you, but rejoice because your names are written in heaven."