WRT heroes in general, how "anti" can a hero be and still be a hero? As much as I am inspired by noble, virtuous heroes, my pragmatism forces me to identify more with antiheroes because they seem more believable or "real".
I think real heros will always be people who are capable of making mistakes...and not flawless at all points, just as the people celebrating as "heros" in real life are the ones seeking to do what needs to be done, even as they themselves may struggle.
When Duncan was unable to kill Kristen because of his chivalrous code, Methos stepped in to finish her. When she asked who he was, he replied, "Someone who was born long before the age of chivalry".
Makes you wonder when chivalry came into existence...and people begin to have moral stances saying that there were rules in battle/standards to maintain..
But indeed, Highlander is an excellent example of what you're noting.
So, can a hero be ruthless when that is the best tactic to save the world or is that a trait absent in a real hero?
I would think that being "ruthless" isn't necessarily something one can give full definition to as being a negative if it comes to saving lives.
Reminds me of the episode from Startrek Deep Space Nine when the Dominion War was happening---and lives were being lost at enormous rates. Captain Sisko was bothered by one group who could've given aid to turn the tide of the war--but wouldn't due to long standing rivarly---and so he decided to "trick" them into joining the war. Things got out of hand the further the plan went...but by the end of it, the result was that lives were saved--and his morals, although compromised, were things he felt he could live without in certain levels for the sake of life.
Powerful episode..
Some of this goes into the larger issue of how far do you go to spare life. And this is something we see multiple times within the scriptures with other Biblical Heros. The Midwives lied to Pharoah to protect babies from slaughter (Exodus 1) and Rahab lied to protect the lives of the spies (James 2, Joshua 2, etc).
For another, Esther being one since she literally LIED to hide her identity as a Jew in Persia when she was chosen as Queen...something that helped her to save lives and that her uncle was honored for.
In
Esther 2:9, as she was a Crypto-Jew living in a nation notorious for being anti-semitic at times....and as she was told by her uncle to keep her ethnic heritage quiet, he blended in with the people who'd later convert to what her background was about.
With ladies in a Harem, they didn't have the right to demand what kind of food they wanted...but with Esther's humility/submission, she set herself up in a position to achieve favor/advancement in the Harem. It wasn't like a cafeteria where one had a choice since what the King felt others needed to eat was what they ate in Persia.
Esther 2:9 notes how she daily recieved her portion of food, which many have noted as indicating that she appeared not to observe Jewish dietary laws...a concern to early interpreters. For in this, she stands as a contrast to Daniel (Daniel 1:8-20) who lived earlier than she did.......and some have noted how her actions were perhaps to conceal her identity.
As one Jewish individual noted:
Esther, the heroine, is the most fully developed character in the Book. She emerges from being a compliant maiden to being Mordecai’s partner and an authoritative leader. Esther originally appears as a compliant young girl and respectful to her adoptive father Mordecai. She is equally compliant in the hands of Hegai, the custodian of the harem. She graciously accepts his beautifying lessons for herself (2:9). The women spend six months being purified with oil of myrrh and six additional months being purified with sweet perfumes (2:12). Do they learn the role of the women in that society? Did she learn the king’s sexual preferences? Esther went to the king for her one night. The norm was a night with the King and then back into the harem as a concubine. There is no mention in this very gourmet food and drink oriented environment she asked for kosher food. In fact we are told that ‘she did not ask for anything beyond what had been assigned her by Hegai’ (2:15). This is stark contrast to Daniel in Babylon where the book clearly informs of his need for kosher food (1:8).
And yet the Lord was presrnt throughout the text working things for her favor/that of her people...showing how He works with those in desperate times/situations and bringing glory to Himself. For those within the world of Crypto-Judaism, it often seems that Esther's story truly does offer hope and real life examples of how things aren't always as easy as others may make it out to be when it comes to living according to what one knows of the Lord---and yet the Lord is able to work in it.
There are other examples coming to mind apart from Esther's who really stood out to me recently, such as David.
Some of the history with the Philistines is interesting when considering David's status with them. In
I Samuel 29, the other Philistine officers were going to war against Israel..and the text says that David was marching with them at the rear with his men. The other Philistine commanders knew that David was the one who, as a young man, had killed their champion, Goliath (I Samuel 17:32-54), had killed hundreds of Philistine soldiers (I Samuel 18:27), and was the hero of the Israelite victory songs ( I Samuel 21:11). Even when on the run from Saul, he had previously been starting raids against Philistine encampments as if he were still on duty---such as what happened when he saved Keilah from the Philistines, the land he fled to running from Saul ( 1 Samuel 23 ). They were afraid that, in the heat of battle, David might turn against them.....and I wouldn't blame them seeing how David was essentially a mercenary during his time away from Saul.
David was upset at this at first, as seen in I Samuel 29:6-9, but God used the commanders' suspicion to keep him from having to fight against SAul and his countreymen. To see that is interesting in light of what I Samuel 28:102 notes when Achish asked David to fight against Saul in battle and David agreed, saying "Then you shall see what your servant can do"---and Achish made David his bodyguard for life. Achish's request put David in a difficult position. For to refuse to help Achish fight the Israelites would give away David's loyalty to Israel and endanger the lives of his soldiers and family. But to fight his own people would hurt the very people he loved.
David never had to solve his dilemma because God protected him....and the other Philitine leader's objection to his prescence in battle may've been a means of Divine Providence on the behalf of David.
The turn of events is rather fascinating since I Samuel 27 notes that David sought to hide out in the land of the Philistines. The instance with I Samuel 27 is actually the second time he did so, as he also sought refuge in I Samuel 21:10-15 when he acted as if he was insane before the king. For the Philistines, accepting their archenemy may have made them initially happy since it'd be akin to accepting a defector who was a high military leader. Any enemy of SAul would have been a friend of theirs.
They could not have known that David had been anointed Israel's next king (I Samuel 16:3)......and with David acting insane during the first instance, it was beneficial since it was the custom not to harm unstable people.
With the second instance of David going into Philistine territory to flee from Saul, David hired himself out to the services of the Philistines and sought permission to live under the protection of King Achish of Gath. ALthough DAvid had previously acted insane---right after making Psalm 34, ironically, about blessing the Lord/trusting in Him to bring deliverance --evidently, Achish had forgotten that incident or had tried to overlook it in light of DAvid's current situation.
Achish certainly would have known about the split between Saul and David and would have been glad to shelter this Israelite traitor. In return, Achish would have expected military support from David and his 600 warriors.....the Mighty Men referred to in scripture who were NO JOKE ( 2 Samuel 23 /1 Chronicles 11 ). They all knew how to live on the edge, as those forming David's army came to him while on the run from Saul. As scripture ( 1 Samuel 22:1-3 /1 Samuel 22 ) says concerning David's escape from Gath to the cave of Adullam, "All those who were in distress or in debt or discontented gathered around him, and he became their commander. About four hundred men were with him." To have such a great fighting force that had been around David for years was a big benefit to King Achish, as he had others who truly understood the make-up of his enemy's kingdom.
David further strengthened his position with Achish by leading Achish to believe that he was conducting raids on Israel and by pretending loyalty to the Philistine leader. Although Saul had finally stopped pursuing David at the time (after two attempts on his life and sparring Saul Twice), Saul's army was not strong enough to invade Philistine territory just to seek one man....should Saul have reverted to old habits of chasing after David.
In I Samuel 27:5-7, what's fascinating is David's decisions for travel. Gath was one of the five principal cities in Phillistia and Achish was one of the five co-rulers. David may've wanted to move out of this important city in order to avoid potential skirmishes or attacks upon his family. He may have also wanted to escape the close scrutinty of the Philistine officers. Achish let DAVID MOVE to Ziklag where he lived unti Saul's death (II Samuel 2:1).
I Samuel 27:8-9 is also fascinating when considering the raids he did on other groups--the Geshurites, Girzites and the Amalekites. David probably conducted these guerilla-style raids beause these three tribes were known for their surprise attacks and cruel treatment upon innocent people. These desert tribes were a danger not just to the Philistines, but especially to the Israelites, the people David would one day lead. While David was raiding these groups, he lied to Achish about his activities with them. Was David wrong in falsely reporting his activities? I'd say no because he may have felt justified in a time of war against a pagan enemy. DAvid knew he would one day be king of Israel...and the Philistines were still Israel's enemy, but this would be an excellent place to hide from Saul.
When Achish asked David to go battle against Saul in I Samuel 27:10-12, David agreed and pretended loyalty to the Philistines--and to a degree, perhaps having a bit of tolerance for them when it came to the larger goal he may've had. As the old saying goes, "the enemy of my enemy is my friend, not my enemy.."....and it does seem David was very much a pragmatist. Although he was essentially a Double-Agent, he was still able to remain true to his vision of helping Israel while being at peace helping the Philistines in achieving some of their goals.
And there's the example of how David took spoil (Stealing) from his enemies after he defeated the Amalekites...:
G
1 Samuel 30
David Defeats the Amalekites
18 David recovered all that the Amalekites had taken, and David rescued his two wives.
.......26 When David came to Ziklag, he sent part of the spoil to his friends, the elders of Judah, saying, "Here is a present for you from the spoil of the enemies of the LORD."
Someone may ask if God accepts or rejects a robin hood persona...but scripture seem to already give a precedent out for that plainly when examing the context...and on the Robin Hood dynamic, it may need to be noted that it's more broad to include doing anything that may be deemed as "illegal" by a dominant group when it seems that what the dominant group decides is not truly allowing for justice to occur. In example, would it be cool to be labeled as a "thief" because one chose not to give a percentage of their crops/food to a nation or empire because of how they saw the empire utilizing their resources not for helping the people they served? If they took from the organizations that were essentially "stealing " from the people/misuing materials so that women and children were harmed, how would one address that?
For another example, smuggling goods into nations (i.e. food, clothing, material, etc)--an act of piracy---be something that needed to be condemned if one was doing it in line with what the Lord noted in serving His people rather than what men desired? The Underground Railroad is a famous example of what comes to mind too....very close to home for me personally (As a person of Color) when it comes to the ways slaves were smuggled out from the lands of their slave masters/delivered to freedom secretly--with raids somethings occurring. The freeing of slaves was viewed as stealing slave owners' personal property....and it was made worse whenever an owner's property was damaged in order to protect those abused in slavery, or slaves stole food from local food reserves to survive the trip.
Where these things may occur today when it comes to human trafficking today or freeing others trapped in certain lifestyles and denied justice, the subject becomes a very relevant issue (IMHO)...
And one that the scriptural context makes a big deal on since within the Word the issue of clarity on Laws also had categories within them rather than labeling all actions of a certain type as being wrong in all cases.
Taking it back to David and how he did things...In many ways, the way he acted seemed very much akin to what occurred within "Pirates of the Caribbean" when it came to the issue of how the general Pirate Code when it came to essentially having morality defined by what was deemed reasonable at the moment...and not being legalistic with the rules given without seeing what the need of the moment may be.
There are actually many Jews who've been in positions like the hero David throughout the ages and have actually become pirates, hiding their Jewish heritage and seeking to do wha they had to in order to survive. Within the Caribbean, there have been ALOT of accounts of Jewish piracy during eras when massive persecution occurred toward those who were Jewish--and yet no one ever knew of their Jewish heritage since they had to do what was necessary in order to survive.