Subject: Beyond-Pshat - Parshas Haazinu (2) - Are We the Role Model to the
From: "Rabbi Yosef Kalatsky" <kalatsky@torah.org>
Date: Fri, September 13, 2002 8:53 am
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2. What is the Ultimate Rehabilitative Process of Teshuvah?
The Torah states in the beginning of Sefer Bereishis, "Bereishis bara
Elokeem es ha'shamaiyim v'es ha'aretz: v'ha'aretz hoysa tohu v'vohu
v'choshech al panei tahom v'ruach Elokeem merachefes al panei ha'maiyim
- In the beginning of G-d's creating the heavens and the earth - when
the earth was empty, with darkness upon the surface of the deep, and
the Divine Presence hovered upon the surface of the waters." The
Midrash explains that each of the words in this opening verse of the
Torah alludes to events that will take place in the future. Meaning,
when G-d created existence, He preordained that certain events will
happen.
The Midrash explains that "v'ha'aretz hoysa tohu - earth was empty,"
refers to the Babylonian exile. "Choshech - darkness," refers to the
Greek exile; as the Talmud tells us, "they blackened our eyes with
their decrees." "Al panei tahom- surface of the deep" alludes to the
Roman exile, which is seemingly as endless as the "deep" source of
water. (We are still experiencing the Roman exile after more than 2,000
years.) "V'ruach Elokeem merachefes al panei ha'maiyim - the Divine
Presence hovered upon the surface of the waters" is ascribed to the
spirit of Moshiach who will come only in the merit of teshuvah
(repentance) which is compared to water (maiyim). As it is stated in
Eicha, "Your heart should gush forth water when you stand before
Hashem." Rambam states in Hilchos Teshuvah (The Laws of Teshuvah) that
the confession that one makes during teshuvah must be in the presence
of Hashem. The question is what relevance does teshuvah have to water?
Why is the statement "hovered upon the surface of the waters" an
allusion to teshuvah?
Rambam states that if one attempts to do teshuvah but does not totally
sever himself from his sinful past, then his teshuvah process is
equivalent to immersing in a mikva (ritual pool) for the sake of
purification, while still holding on to a rodent, which is the source
of his spiritual contamination. Rambam is comparing the teshuvah
process to the mikva itself. However, the verse from Eicha, which is
cited by the Midrash, is indicating that the water itself is not the
teshuvah but rather a consequence of the teshuvah. As it says, "your
heart will gush forth water."
If one is spiritually contaminated, he must immerse himself completely
in a mikvah in order to achieve spiritual purity. The Halacha (law)
dictates that if there is as much as one hair of his body that is not
under water, he is not purified. The desired result is only achieved
when one totally dunks himself. How do we understand the purification
process of the mikva? The Maharal of Prague (in his work on Chanukah)
explains that humanity exists on dry land and not under water;
therefore, the latter represents non-existence.
When a person immerses
himself in a body of water, in essence, he enters into a state of
non-being. When he emerges, he enters a state of existence and is
considered a "bria chadasha - a new being". As such, whatever
contamination he had prior to the immersion, no longer applies to him.
Dovid HaMelech says in Tehillim (Psalms), "A broken and shattered heart
Elokeem (G-d) will not disgrace." Rabbeinu Yona explains in his work
Shaarei Teshuvah - The Gates of Repentance that the teshuvah process
only has meaning because of the Attribute of Mercy (Midas HaRachamim).
However, within the context of Midas HaDin (The attribute of Justice)
there is no place for teshuvah. Dovid revealed to us that if the person
is truly broken and shattered, as a result of the teshuvah process,
even Elokeem (the Attribute of Justice) will not disgrace (reject) this
person's teshuvah.
The Torah tells us that an earthenware vessel (after becoming
contaminated) cannot be purified in a mikva. In order for it to become
uncontaminated, it must be broken or shattered so it loses its function
as a vessel. If it is reassembled, it is considered a new creation that
does not have relevance to the original vessel - and therefore it is
pure. The same holds true for a person. If he is broken and remorseful
because of his sins and does teshuvah, he is forgiven because when he
is broken he is the equivalent of the non-existent person. Therefore,
after the process of teshuvah, the individual is a new person. Thus,
because the sinner no longer exists, even the Attribute of Justice
cannot prosecute the penitent.
We say in the tefillah of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur that we are
likened to a broken shard - "earthenware vessel". We identify with the
purification process of the earthenware vessel because - "A broken heart
Elokeem (G-d) will not disgrace."
We can now understand why the Midrash compares the process of teshuvah
with water. Just as when one immerses into the water, entering into a
non-existent state and he emerges pure, so too does one need to be
broken and remorseful to the point that one's heart gushes forth water
(tears) to indicate that he is totally broken. Thus, the "water"
referred to in the Torah "hovered upon the surface of the waters" is
synonymous with the broken state of man when he is in a process of
teshuvah.
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Beyond-Pshat, Copyright © 2002 by Rabbi Yosef Kalatsky and Torah.org.
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