Was Nicodemus asking how he could be saved? No, he wasn't. He asked, "how could this be"? How could it be that a man could be born again? That was his question, and Jesus answers him in 7-8.
Nicodemus understood how to obey the law better than anyone. He knew how to "do", as most around the Church today do, but few know how to live by faith. Few approach Christ by faith. Countless masses attempt to approach Him by works. They read the Bible as if it were a checklist. They've reduced it to such. However, the Bible is a book about God's actions. He is the main actor in the story of redemption.
Everyone was puzzled with Torah (Instructions):
John 5:39You search the Scriptures because you think that in them you have eternal life; it is these that testify about Me;
It was important to interpret Torah correctly because getting it wrong meant facing God's wrath:
Luke 3:7So he began saying to the crowds who were going out to be baptized by him, "You brood of vipers, who warned you to flee from the wrath to come?
So what were the Jews doing wrong?
First of all they thought they were the seed of Abraham, to whom God had promised protection and honor. The truth was that Abraham was the father of only those who were loyal to God. Identifying with Abraham was acknowledged by God by sharing his spirit, not by having outward physical similarities, because even stones had some physical similarities with Abraham.
Romans 4:10How then was it credited? While he was circumcised, or uncircumcised? Not while circumcised, but while uncircumcised; 11and he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had while uncircumcised, so that he might be the father of all who believe without being circumcised, that righteousness might be credited to them, 12and the father of circumcision to those who not only are of the circumcision, but who also follow in the steps of the faith of our father Abraham which he had while uncircumcised.
They had to forget about physical descent and change their minds about how to live as children of God, become new men (be born again!), had to live like Abraham, who knew God was all knowing and wise, and it was only necessary and right to obey Him and respect His principles.
Luke 3:8Therefore bear fruits in keeping with repentance, and do not begin to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham for our father,’ for I say to you that from these stones God is able to raise up children to Abraham. 9“Indeed the axe is already laid at the root of the trees; so every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire.”
10And the crowds were questioning him, saying, “Then what shall we do?”11And he would answer and say to them, “The man who has two tunics is to share with him who has none; and he who has food is to do likewise.” 12And some tax collectors also came to be baptized, and they said to him, “Teacher, what shall we do?” 13And he said to them, “Collect no more than what you have been ordered to.” 14Some soldiers were questioning him, saying, “And what about us, what shall we do?” And he said to them, “Do not take money from anyone by force, or accuse anyone falsely, and be content with your wages.”
Bottomline, Israel needed to change her mind about her status: being Jewish had no advantage, in fact if the non-Jewish person's life was closer to God's requirements, he would be a better child of Abraham, since his actions were like Abraham's.
Romans 2:26So if the uncircumcised man keeps the requirements of the Law, will not his uncircumcision be regarded as circumcision?
It's sad that people misread the Bible, ignoring the historical evidence. Faith, belief, pistis, in First Century Greek parlance meant being loyal, not only mentally assenting to a claim, agreeing with Jesus, con-fess-ing, that he was the Messiah.
You should stop reading books by Piper and Sproul, who do not have historian creds and read these authors, who use a historian's methodology to understand the Bible narrative.
Theo Geek: The Patron-Client system and Hebrews 11:1
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Some books for those wanting to know more:
Palestine in the Time of Jesus, Hanson & Oakman, 1998
The Greco-Roman World of the New Testament Era, James S. Jeffers, 1999
Honor, Patronage, Kinship & Purity, David A. Desilva, 2000
The New Testament World, Bruce Malina, 3rd Ed 2001
The social setting of Jesus and the Gospels, Stegemann, Malina & Theissen, 2002
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