It was after Moses went back up again to get the replacement for the ones he broke that this happened.
Ex 34:1 And the L-RD said unto Moses, Hew thee two tables of stone like unto the first: and I will write upon these tables the words that were in the first tables, which you broke.
I won't post all the scripture but these are the highlights of what passed between the L-RD and Moses on this trip up the mountain.
- He was to come up in the morning unto mount Sinai
- No humans or animals were to be seen upon the mountain
- Nor were the flocks to be feeding in front of the mountain
- The L-RD descended and stood with Moses and proclaimed the name of the L-RD saying:The L-RD, The L-RD God, merciful and gracious, longsuffering, and abundant in goodness and truth, Keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, and that will by no means clear the guilty; visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, and upon the children's children, unto the third and to the fourth generation.
- Moses then bows down and worships, asking for pardoning for the sins of the people.
- A covenant is then made between the L-RD and Israel that He would drive out from the land the Amorite, Canaanite, Hittite, Perizzite, Hivite, and the Jebusite.
- He also tells him to tell the people to NOT make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and to destroy their altars, break their images, and cut down their groves: For thou shalt worship no other god: for the LORD, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God
- This is to keep them from going after the foreign gods, and that part ends with:
Thou shalt make thee no molten gods.This is of course in reference to why Moses broke the first set, the golden calf.
Then these commandments are listed
- Keep the feast of Unleavened bread for seven day in the month of Aviv
- Everything that is first born belongs to the L-RD, male of the cattle. An Ass is to be replaced with a lamb. All firstborn men belong to the L-RD.
- Six days to work, seventh day rest
- Observe feast of weeks (counting omer)
- Shavuot - first fruits of wheat and ingathering (Sukkot)
- Three times a year appear before the L-RD and he will enlarge their boarder, and have plenty if they do this.
- Sacrifices not to be offered with leavened bread
- Passover sacrifice not to be left unto the morning.
- The first of firstfruits to be brought to the house of the L-RD
- Do not seeth a kid in mothers milk
Moses was there 40 days and forty nights fasting.
Statue by Michelangelo showing Moses with horns
29 And it came to pass, when Moses came down from mount Sinai with the two tables of testimony in Moses' hand, when he came down from the mount, that Moses wist not that the skin of his face shone while he talked with him.
30 And when Aaron and all the children of Israel saw Moses, behold, the skin of his face shone; and they were afraid to come nigh him.
31 And Moses called unto them; and Aaron and all the rulers of the congregation returned unto him: and Moses talked with them.
32 And afterward all the children of Israel came nigh: and he gave them in commandment all that the L-RD had spoken with him in mount Sinai.
33 And till Moses had done speaking with them, he put a vail on his face.
34 But when Moses went in before the L-RD to speak with him, he took the vail off, until he came out. And he came out, and spake unto the children of Israel that which he was commanded.
35 And the children of Israel saw the face of Moses, that the skin of Moses' face shone: and Moses put the vail upon his face again, until he went in to speak with him.
30 And when Aaron and all the children of Israel saw Moses, behold, the skin of his face shone; and they were afraid to come nigh him.
31 And Moses called unto them; and Aaron and all the rulers of the congregation returned unto him: and Moses talked with them.
32 And afterward all the children of Israel came nigh: and he gave them in commandment all that the L-RD had spoken with him in mount Sinai.
33 And till Moses had done speaking with them, he put a vail on his face.
34 But when Moses went in before the L-RD to speak with him, he took the vail off, until he came out. And he came out, and spake unto the children of Israel that which he was commanded.
35 And the children of Israel saw the face of Moses, that the skin of Moses' face shone: and Moses put the vail upon his face again, until he went in to speak with him.
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Could a veil hide rays of light?, how could Moses see?
The word highlighted above is qaran קָרַן
And in most bibles it is translated as a verb meaning " to send out rays"
However an alternate meaning is
Hiph`il denominative of קֶרֶן
1a, display (grow) horns (be fully developed), Participle מָּר מַקְרִן מַפְרִיס Psalm 69:32.
And from Strong's Exhaustive Concordance:
have horns, shine
A primitive root; to push or gore; used only as denominative from qeren, to shoot out horns; figuratively, rays -- have horns, shine.
1a, display (grow) horns (be fully developed), Participle מָּר מַקְרִן מַפְרִיס Psalm 69:32.
And from Strong's Exhaustive Concordance:
have horns, shine
A primitive root; to push or gore; used only as denominative from qeren, to shoot out horns; figuratively, rays -- have horns, shine.
Now would the people of Israel who had gone through the plaques and the salvation on the First Passover, through the flood, and brought to the mountain, given food and water be afraid of Moses? Even his brother Aaron?
"and they were afraid to come nigh him"
BUT, if he came down with fully emerged horns, now that would be significant.
In the time he was up there, (40 day) it could have happened.
Yes, that is the same ram lamb.