I think I need a source on this.
Here is one of the papers that came out in 1971 which fuelled much of this speculation in the 1970s. Its the Rasool & Schneider (1971) paper in the journal Science.
Here is the abstract:
"Effects on the global temperature of large increases in carbon dioxide and aerosol densities in the atmosphere of Earth have been computed. It is found that,
although the addition of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere does increase the surface temperature, the rate of temperature increase diminishes with increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. For aerosols, however, the net effect of increase in density is to reduce the surface temperature of Earth. Because of the exponential dependence of the backscattering, the rate of temperature decrease is augmented with increasing aerosol content. An increase by only a factor of 4 in global aerosol background concentration may be sufficient to reduce the surface temperature by as much as 3.5 ° K. If sustained over a period of several years, such a temperature decrease over the whole globe is believed to be sufficient to trigger an ice age." (emphasis mine)
First of all, look at the bolded bit. Surprise, surprise, even in the 1970s people knew that carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased the temperature of the Earth.
But hey, lets forget about the
40 year old science for a moment and actually look at some modern research because science generally
progresses. Its rare that science returns to a debunked hypothesis.
So, here's a paper by
Zhou & Savijarvi (2014). The abstract follows:
"The effect of aerosols on long wave (LW) radiation was studied based on narrowband LW calculations in a reference mid-latitude summer atmosphere with and without aerosols. Aerosols were added to the narrowband LW scheme based on their typical schematic observed spectral and vertical behaviour over European land areas. This was found to agree also with the spectral aerosol data from the Lan Zhou University Semi-Arid Climate Observatory and Laboratory measurement stations in the north-western China.
A volcanic stratospheric aerosol load was found to induce local LW warming and a stronger column greenhouse effect than a doubled CO2 concentration. A heavy near-surface aerosol load was found to increase the downwelling LW radiation to the surface and to reduce the outgoing LW radiation, acting very much like a thin low cloud in increasing the LW greenhouse effect of the atmosphere. The short wave reflection of white aerosol has, however, stronger impact in general, but the aerosol LW greenhouse effect is non-negligible under heavy aerosol loads."
Hmm, looks like aerosols in certain situations actually
increase global warming. Darn, so much for your argument...
Here's another by
Engelbeen (2013) which incorporates aerosols into a climate model. Abstract follows:
"
There are indications that the cooling effect of anthropogenic aerosols is
overestimated. This has fundamental consequences for estimates of the climate sensitivity of CO2 and thus for temperature forecasts. Current climate models reflect this uncertainty by a wide range of projections. Apart from cloud feedback, the largest uncertainty in these models is the effect of anthropogenic aerosols. The way current climate models implement the effect of different forcings is analyzed. This analysis is qualitative only, as there are major uncertainties in the quantity and effect of aerosol emissions and for confounding factors, such as ocean currents, which influence global heat distribution." (emphasis mine)
Here's a final paper by
Novakov & Rosen (2013) which talks about Black Carbon.
I agree. There will always be extremists. That does not mean that AGW is false.
...sigh
I've said before that there is a big difference between observational science and predictive science.
Observational science is clear: the Earth is warming up and anthropogenic sources of CO2 are the main driver.
NOW WHAT???
The observations are settled. You can't debate them. They were observed with a temperature gauge and satellites and laboratory measurements and ocean sensors and IR data and ice cores and tree rings on and on and on and on. The past is generally easy to observe (especially the recent past like the
continuous data readings of CO2 ppm at the Mauna Loa observatory).
What is difficult is to predict the future. No one can do it. Its impossible. But we, as humans, have always tried to varying degrees. Climate scientists today are using computer models to try to predict how the climate will behave. It is very difficult and I take their predictions with a grain of salt.
Yes there are extremists. But the key is: the Earth is heating up. Please don't deny this. Maybe there are benefits to a warmer Earth, maybe there are drawbacks.
That is the discussion we should be having in political and environmental circles. We should be discussing the
effects of a warmer Earth,
NOT whether the Earth is warming or not.