So does that mean that there are more than one way to become born again in terms of full body immersion versus baptism through sprinkling one's head with water?
There is not more than one way. You mentioned Mark 16:16, so look at the Greek word.
Baptized =
baptizō - "to immerse, submerge; to make whelmed (i.e. fully wet)"
Even when you use the word baptism, like Romans 6:4 for example,
Baptism
baptisma-"baptism (technically or figuratively):—baptism"; "immersion, submersion"
Thinking of it in terms of using dirt,
Can you be buried with Christ using a hand full of dirt that doesn't cover your entire body?
Or....
Can you be buried with Christ being fully immersed in the ground?
Now apply this example to sprinkling verse full immersion.
What is the difference how one becomes a born again Christian?
If one is sprinkled, one cannot possibly have obeyed what the gospel has commanded of what one needs to do to become a Christian. If one is fully immersed, then they obeyed and are "born again", they have put on Christ (Galatians 3:27).
The "born again Christian" is not even a thing. Either you are a Christian or you are not. You are either in God's family or you are not. "Born again Christian" implies you were a Christian to start with, then left, then came back.
With that said, a Christian can fall from grace and be in a doomed state ripe for eternal punishment (Hebrews 10:26-29), however, that very same Christian, if they so choose, can repent and be welcomed back into the Kingdom and eternal life. They do not need to be "re-baptized" just merely come forward and repent (1 John 1).
When Jesus says that we must be born again, in Spirit and in water, did He mean water baptism plus Holy Spirit baptism?
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown :: Commentary on John 3
"
5. of water and of the Spirit--A twofold explanation of the "new birth," so startling to Nicodemus. To a Jewish ecclesiastic, so familiar with the symbolical application of water, in every variety of way and form of expression, this language was fitted to show that the thing intended was no other than a
thorough spiritual purification by the operation of the Holy Ghost. Indeed, element of
water and operation of
the Spirit are brought together in a glorious evangelical prediction of Ezekiel (
Eze 36:25-27 ), which Nicodemus might have been reminded of had such spiritualities not been almost lost in the reigning formalism."
Matthew Henry :: Commentary on John 3
"[
a.] The
author of this blessed change, and who it is that works it. To be born again is to be
born of the Spirit, v. 5-8. The change is not wrought by any wisdom or power of our own, but by the power and influence of the blessed Spirit of grace. It is the
sanctification of the Spirit(
1 Pt. 1:2) and
renewing of the Holy Ghost,Tit. 3:5. The word he works by is his inspiration, and the heart to be wrought on he has access to.
[
b.] The
nature of this change, and what that is which is wrought; it is
spirit, v. 6. Those that are regenerated are made
spiritual, and refined from the dross and dregs of sensuality. The dictates and interests of the rational and immortal soul have retrieved the dominion they ought to have over the flesh. The Pharisees placed their religion in external purity and external performances; and it would be a mighty change indeed with them, no less than a new birth, to become
spiritual."
David Guzik :: Study Guide for John 3
"a.
Most assuredly... you must be born again: Jesus was emphatic in saying that man does not need
reformation, but a radical conversion by the Spirit of God. We must be
born of water and the Spirit.
i. “In
verse 3 Jesus has spoken of ‘seeing’ the kingdom of God, whereas here He speaks of ‘entering’ it. There is probably no great difference of meaning.” (Morris)
ii.
Most assuredly: “The words add solemnity to and underline the truth of what follows. The modern expressions, ‘In truth I tell you’, ‘Believe me when I say’, ‘I do assure you’, convey the meaning.” (Tasker)
iii.
Unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God: If a nation passed a law that said no one could live there except those who were born in that nation, and someone wanted to live there who was not born there.
· It wouldn’t matter if he took a name that was common in that nation.
· It wouldn’t matter if he spoke the language.
· It wouldn’t matter if he observed some of the customs.
· It wouldn’t matter if he dressed like those in that nation.
· It wouldn’t matter if he practiced some of the religious traditions of that nation.
· It wouldn’t matter if his parents were born in that nation.
· It wouldn’t matter if his children were born there.
· It wouldn’t matter if he had many friends in that nation.
· All that would matter was if he was actually
born there.
iv. “A man may cast away many vices, forsake many lusts in which he indulged, and conquer evil habits, but no man in the world can make himself to be born of God; though he should struggle never so much, he could never accomplish what is beyond his power. And, mark you, if he could make himself to be born again, still he would not enter heaven, because there is another point in the condition which he would have violated — ‘unless a man be born of the
Spirit, he cannot see the kingdom of God.’” (Spurgeon)"
b.
You must be born of water: We know from
John 3:10 that whatever being
born of water was, it should have been familiar to Nicodemus from the Old Testament.
i. Some have thought
born of water means to be baptized. Water here may represent baptism, but there is no real Old Testament foundation for this.
ii. Some have thought that
born of water refers to our physical birth, since we come forth from a sack of water. This approach is more attractive, but doesn’t it simply state the obvious? However, it does make a good parallel with the idea of
that which is born of the flesh in
John 3:6.
iii. Some have thought that
born of water means to be born again by the Word of God. In other passages of Scripture, water represents the Word, as we are
washed by the water of the word (
Ephesians 5:26).
iv. Some have thought that
born of water means to be regenerated by the Holy Spirit, the
living water of
John 7:38-39.
v. Some have thought that
born of water means to receive the water of cleansing prophesied in
Ezekiel 36:25-28 as part of the New Covenant. This is the approach has the most weight (though it is a tough call), because of its firm connections to Old Testament prophecy – which Jesus says Nicodemus should have know to understand these things."
With these commentaries in mind, now look at the example used here when Peter says,
Acts 2:38 - Then Peter said unto them,
Repent, and
be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ
for the remission of sins,
and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.
Repenting is not the same thing as being "sorry". I can be "sorry" that I kicked you in the knee and then still kick you again in the knee and say sorry again. Repenting is a complete 180 change in mind, to turn away from.
Being baptized is full immersion as stated before.
Being baptized is also done in Christs name, to put on Christ (Gal.3:27) and to bury the "old man" and become a "new creature" (Rom.6:1-5) and to cancel out that debt of sin (remission of sins/see also 1 Pet.3:21)
Once you have done all of the above, you receive the Holy Spirit. You are now part of Christs kingdom (John 3:3 and 5)
Is there more than one definity of how one becomes a born again believer?
According to scripture,
1-hearing the word Romans 10:17
2-believing the word Hebrews 11:6 (by the way, faith/belief is used as a verb; an action word indicating you have conditions to meet)
3-repent Acts 17:30-31 and Luke 13:3
4-confess Matthew 10:32-33
5- be baptized Acts 2:38,41,47 and Mark 16:16
6- continue to walk a Christian life in Christ to the end Revelation 2:10
I do not see any other way in scripture. To not do as the gospel instructs us puts verses like 2 Thessalonians 1:8-9 in ones path to think about among many others.
Does all of this mean that many denominations have differing views on baptism in relation to being born again not only because of the mode of baptism, but in the belief on how one becomes born again also by Spirit?
You will find that many do have varying views on the subject of baptism. We are warned of such things in 2 Timothy 4:3-4. The bible is quite clear and not hard to understand, it is made hard by those who wish not to follow what it says (John 6:59-66 example).
The bible says there is only "one" Ephesians 4:4-6. The bible also states unity and not division Romans 12 and 1 Corinthians 12. So somewhere down the line one is going to have to be forced to concluded that there is only one way to do things, one accepted church/body/kingdom, and any other way, is quite frankly, false. This includes baptism.
On a side note:
There are only 2 Holy Spirit baptism in the whole of the NT. Once in Acts 2 and once in Acts 10. This will not occur for anyone else and has not ever since.
First of all, miraculous gifts followed, which do not happen anymore since the completion of the bible with the book of Revelations and Johns death (the last apostle).
Secondly, you need apostles to pass on these miracle gifts by the laying on of hands (Acts 8 for example), and this cannot be done since John (author of Revelation) was the last apostle.
Thirdly, scripture tells us through the author/letter of Paul in 1 Corinthians 13:8-10, that these miracles will cease "when that which is perfect comes". The word "that" clearly does NOT refer to Christ since Christ is not a "that" or thing. The word "that" refers to the bible aka the gospel that you read to this day 2 Timothy 3:16 as "that which is perfect". Since the bible is indeed complete, there are no super natural miracle workings like the apostles had.
On top of that, those 2 events (Acts 2 and Acts 10), were prophesied before and foretold to happen. Here is a link to explain in more detail of the topic of those 2 events I speak of compared to baptism/immersion in water:
Baptism in the Holy Spirit - Five Facts