BYes, because Jesus was not preparing people to fight against Roman rule and was infact not even speaking out against them. Rather, he was criticising the Jewish leaders as fools, blind guides, hypocrites, whitewashed tombs, brood of vipers, and what not. So it is no surprise that they were the ones trying to get him crucified.
Perhaps partly. It might also be because the Gospels are written to attract the Romans to Christianity and persuade them that Christians are no threat to their authority.
After all, the Romans killed a lot more Christians than the Jews ever did!
Sure.
"Arise, O people, and, by the power of God’s might, resolve to gain the victory over your own selves, that haply the whole earth may be freed and sanctified from its servitude to the gods of its idle fancies—gods that have inflicted such loss upon, and are responsible for the misery of their wretched worshippers. These idols form the obstacle that impedeth man in his efforts to advance in the path of perfection. We cherish the hope that the Hand of divine power may lend its assistance to mankind and deliver it from its state of grievous abasement.
In one of the Tablets these words have been revealed: O people of God! Do not busy yourselves in your own concerns; let your thoughts be fixed upon that which will rehabilitate the fortunes of mankind and sanctify the hearts and souls of men. This can best be achieved through pure and holy deeds, through a virtuous life and a goodly behaviour. Valiant acts will ensure the triumph of this Cause, and a saintly character will reinforce its power. Cleave unto righteousness, O people of Bahá! This, verily, is the commandment which this Wronged One hath given unto you, and the first choice of His unrestrained Will for every one of you."
Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad a.s. wrote volumes about inner purification and the steps and stages of attaining nearness to God.
Yes, so do many of Baha'u'llah's works. Key along those lines would be the Seven Valleys and the Gem of Divine Mysteries:
http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/SVFV/svfv-1.htm
Bahá'í Reference Library - The Seven Valleys And the Four Valleys, Pages 1-8
What exactly did he say? Can you quote his own writings on this?
I quoted the main statement already, but there are others.
"Beware lest ye shed the blood of anyone. Unsheathe the sword of your tongue from the scabbard of utterance, for therewith ye can conquer the citadels of men’s hearts. We have abolished the law to wage holy war against each other. God’s mercy, hath, verily, encompassed all created things, if ye do but understand. Aid ye your Lord, the God of Mercy, with the sword of understanding. Keener indeed is it, and more finely tempered, than the sword of utterance, were ye but to reflect upon the words of your Lord. Thus have the hosts of Divine Revelation been sent down by God, the Help in Peril, the Self-Subsisting, and thus have the armies of divine inspiration been made manifest from the Source of command, as bidden by God, the All-Glorious, the Best-Beloved."
But here is the passage which clearly addresses whether or not we may defend ourselves if attacked for our religion:
"rendering assistance unto God, in this day, doth not and shall never consist in contending or disputing with any soul; nay rather, what is preferable in the sight of God is that the cities of men’s hearts, which are ruled by the hosts of self and passion, should be subdued by the sword of utterance, of wisdom and of understanding. Thus, whoso seeketh to assist God must, before all else, conquer, with the sword of inner meaning and 110 explanation, the city of his own heart and guard it from the remembrance of all save God, and only then set out to subdue the cities of the hearts of others.
Such is the true meaning of rendering assistance unto God. Sedition hath never been pleasing unto God, nor were the acts committed in the past by certain foolish ones acceptable in His sight.
Know ye that to be killed in the path of His good pleasure is better for you than to kill. The beloved of the Lord must, in this day, behave in such wise amidst His servants that they may by their very deeds and actions guide all men unto the paradise of the All-Glorious."
And what is the difference?
Between having a divine nature and being a deity? I think what Baha'is call a Manifestation of God are more than simply men. In some ways they embodied the will of God, but they cannot incarnate His Essence.