Australian electric battery-swap truck company JANUS is going to SMASH Tesla-Semi!

eclipsenow

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The big surprise for me this week is that I'm more excited by today's Aussie electric trucking firm Janus than the shiny Tesla semi we're being promised in a few years! Why? It carries more, better.

Tesla Semi carries 40 tonnes about 800 km range, with a 30 minute Megacharger for another 600 km.
Janus Semi carries 100 tonnes about 500 to 600 km, but with just a 3 minute battery swap for another 600 km!
Watch the forklift swap the battery - (but big robot dooverlackies coming soon.)
More at The Driven. Janus unveils first electric truck for Australian east coast battery swap route

This means range anxiety is no longer a thing - as both of these are well over what an Australian trucker is legally allowed to drive in one shift. They’re meant to stick to 100 km an hour and have a half hour break in 12 hours. That means a top LEGAL range of roughly 1150 km. Australian Standard Hours of Service Rule

This means the battery pack is separated from the truck. The truck can instantly enjoy new battery technology as it evolves over the next few years.
They're converting 67 trucks this year - with plans for much BIGGER Aussie road trains!
http://www.smh.com.au/business/companies/entrepreneur-big-trucks-big-savings-big-electric-plans-20220811-p5b91o.html

Battery swap just seems better! It means if a truck ever runs out of charge somewhere, there could be roadside assistant trucks with robot or forklift doovers that take the old battery out and swap in a new one. While the Tesla Megacharger is impressive it puts both the grid and battery under enormous stress. The battery-swap is faster, but the charging of the battery can take it's time, avoiding any stress on the battery or electricity grid. These already carry 2.5 times the weight of the Tesla Semi. Indeed, if this battery pack becomes a world standard (like USB C is a phone standard) then who knows what improvements it might open up trucking to? And will Tesla's Semi with expensive fast-charger and expensive batteries get left behind?
 

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The big surprise for me this week is that I'm more excited by today's Aussie electric trucking firm Janus than the shiny Tesla semi we're being promised in a few years! Why? It carries more, better.

Tesla Semi carries 40 tonnes about 800 km range, with a 30 minute Megacharger for another 600 km.
Janus Semi carries 100 tonnes about 500 to 600 km, but with just a 3 minute battery swap for another 600 km!
Watch the forklift swap the battery - (but big robot dooverlackies coming soon.)
More at The Driven. Janus unveils first electric truck for Australian east coast battery swap route

This means range anxiety is no longer a thing - as both of these are well over what an Australian trucker is legally allowed to drive in one shift. They’re meant to stick to 100 km an hour and have a half hour break in 12 hours. That means a top LEGAL range of roughly 1150 km. Australian Standard Hours of Service Rule

This means the battery pack is separated from the truck. The truck can instantly enjoy new battery technology as it evolves over the next few years.
They're converting 67 trucks this year - with plans for much BIGGER Aussie road trains!
http://www.smh.com.au/business/companies/entrepreneur-big-trucks-big-savings-big-electric-plans-20220811-p5b91o.html

Battery swap just seems better! It means if a truck ever runs out of charge somewhere, there could be roadside assistant trucks with robot or forklift doovers that take the old battery out and swap in a new one. While the Tesla Megacharger is impressive it puts both the grid and battery under enormous stress. The battery-swap is faster, but the charging of the battery can take it's time, avoiding any stress on the battery or electricity grid. These already carry 2.5 times the weight of the Tesla Semi. Indeed, if this battery pack becomes a world standard (like USB C is a phone standard) then who knows what improvements it might open up trucking to? And will Tesla's Semi with expensive fast-charger and expensive batteries get left behind?
Tesla trucks serve a different market with different regulations. Some have been manufactured and are being used right now by Tesla. Some customers will receive their vehicles shortly.

Tesla has a dedicated charger network for their truck. Since driver breaks are mandatory, that fits nicely with the recharging schedule. The Tesla semi was designed ground up for electric power. I'm Australian so I welcome any EV development built locally. I just would not get too excited at present. Battery supply is a huge problem at present. There are not enough to meet demand. That will change eventually. Who will pay for the packs sitting around doing nothing? Who wants a pack that may have been abused by overcharging or being drained to zero? Not me.

Another advantage of Tesla is aerodynamics. Trucks are usually terrible. Tesla used a wind tunnel to improve their truck design.
 
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eclipsenow

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Tesla trucks serve a different market with different regulations. Some have been manufactured and are being used right now by Tesla. Some customers will receive their vehicles shortly.

Tesla has a dedicated charger network for their truck. Since driver breaks are mandatory, that fits nicely with the recharging schedule. The Tesla semi was designed ground up for electric power. I'm Australian so I welcome any EV development built locally. I just would not get too excited at present. Battery supply is a huge problem at present. There are not enough to meet demand. That will change eventually. Who will pay for the packs sitting around doing nothing? Who wants a pack that may have been abused by overcharging or being drained to zero? Not me.

Another advantage of Tesla is aerodynamics. Trucks are usually terrible. Tesla used a wind tunnel to improve their truck design.
Sure - it's a beautiful truck and I'm still a fan! Better a Tesla semi than any oil truck! But here's the thing.

The age old problem with big electric trucks is the bigger you make the battery to extend the range, the heavier the battery. The heavier the battery, the less cargo you can take, and the less profitability per truck and driver's salary. It's a bit like the rocket equation where you end up taking heaps of fuel with you to carry the fuel. Imagine if rockets could refuel half way up? Australia's Janus will do this!

EG: Tesla's Semi does 800 km in one charge! Great! Tesla can get another 400 km charge in a half hour break. Great! But what's not so great? 40 tonnes per trip. But because the Janus truck isn't trying to take all it's battery in one go, it can carry 100 tonnes. That's 2.5 times the cargo of the Tesla. Janus drives half or a third of the way and swaps the huge battery over, and then keeps on going with that 100 tonnes. One Janus truck with 2 or 3 swappable batteries suddenly replaces 2.5 whole Tesla trucks to buy and charge, and 2.5 driver's salaries!

The Janus system is just moving more with less, even if it requires 3 batteries for every one truck. It also means the battery does not have to super-charge like the expensive Tesla Mega-charger. Tesla try to charge 80% of the battery in half an hour - but Janus can take a few hours to recharge the battery for the next truck. It means less stress on the battery and electricity grid. It can be retrofitted into any gasoline big rig under 10 years old! Watch the forklift swap the battery. Whether or not Janus succeeds or another company gets their first is irrelevant - this just makes sense.
 
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eclipsenow

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There's more than enough lithium in the oceans. We just don't have to extract it from there yet. There is a lithium supply crunch right as the demand picks up, driving lithium prices up 50% in one year! But there is hope. New Lithium extraction technologies are being developed. Today’s lithium mining dumps lithium slurry to sit in evaporation ponds for 18 months - but that is about to change in the next year or so. There are pump and filter routines coming that could radically speed up the production of lithium and maybe halve the cost.

But basically there are also just too many alternative chemistries being cooked up out there for lithium ion to remain the king. It's going to be dethroned soon enough. EG: Try the aluminium and carbon micro-battery which could store more power for vastly less money! This is the “Undecided” battery playlist - there are 31 episodes. He's great - one of my favourite future-tech Youtubers.

“Just Have A Think” is also FANTASTIC - I really like this guy. This is his Energy Storage playlist. Some of these are for cars and devices, some for grid storage like large thermal systems.

But until something new appears vastly cheaper than PHES Pumped Hydro Electricity Storage) I’m just excited that off-river PHES can make wind and solar reliable. Overbuild the wind and solar for your worst winter weeks, and back up the few days you need to with PHES! Done.
 
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Bob Crowley

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I'm hoping the hydrogen economy will start in Australia before too much longer. Obviously there are problems no matter what energy system we use, but that's my hope for the moment.

 
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eclipsenow

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I'm hoping the hydrogen economy will start in Australia before too much longer. Obviously there are problems no matter what energy system we use, but that's my hope for the moment.

I think we'll need hydrogen for airlines and green steel and industrial heat (it can boost a furnace up to 4000 C!) There's a whole podcast on it here.

It is not an energy source but an energy carrier - a bit like a battery. A pretty bad battery. For example, let’s say you have enough electricity to charge an electric car for 100 kilometres. Unfortunately batteries also have various losses, but they’ll give you 86% of it back. You can go 86 kilometres on your 100 kilometres worth of electric charge.

Hydrogen only gets you 43 kilometres for your 100 kilometre charge! That's a lot of electricity wasted. Why? Hydrogen requires too many energy conversions and each has awful losses due to the fundamental laws of thermodynamics, not just some tech that needs tweaking. Each step wastes energy. First we split water to get hydrogen – and that loses 20%. Then we freeze and compress the hydrogen to try and cram this loose gas into a tight tank. 5% more energy wasted. Then we run it through a fuel cell which loses another 40% of what you have left - only to do what? Turn it back into electricity again! It’s madness - IF you can just use a battery.

Battery_EV_vs._Hydrogen_EV.png


But if you cannot use a battery, it might just be essential! For example - while there are certain small all-electric battery planes, I can’t see a huge Airbus flying across the Pacific on battery power! So maybe hydrogen will be used in future airlines? Europe sees a role for hydrogen trucks.
Battery or hydrogen? Truck makers are facing a fork in the road

I wonder if the hydrogen highway will even be built before they figure out this battery swap trick? A battery swap can be set up anywhere with an electricity grid. Or if you're out in the country with plenty of space, off-grid! Why not just whack solar on your warehouse roof and in a paddock nearby? The transformers and invertors can be installed much easier than some potentially explosive hydrogen conversion kit and storage tanks.

In 2014 business analyst and futurist Tony Seba predicted that hydrogen would not be a thing. Why? It's not energy efficient storage - the laws of thermodynamics are against us. Also, it requires TRILLIONS of dollars of hydrogen plant infrastructure we can just bypass using the electricity grid!

Toyota is the world's biggest car manufacturer but is also the most in debt company in the world. They bet on hydrogen. They're only now trying to play catch up with Tesla. Tesla make 8 TIMES more profit per car than Toyota, and Tesla just went into a price war with Toyota in America! I think Toyota is in trouble - as it's going to take BILLIONS to retrofit their factories for electric and only 1/8th of a normal car factory is salvageable when you convert to electric. You basically have to fire the whole workforce!

Here's Tony Seba in 2010 predicting that on cost curves he saw oil being irrelevant for transport by 2030.
It's happening. But in this next 2020 talk on EV's Tony looks back at how his EV cost curves have panned out over the years they've been ramping up their economies of scale, and he's right on track!
 
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Tuur

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I'm hoping the hydrogen economy will start in Australia before too much longer. Obviously there are problems no matter what energy system we use, but that's my hope for the moment.
Hydrogen has some unsettling issues likely resolved by adding agents to give it a smell and to color the flame. Hydrogen flame is colorless to human eyes.

There was a tragedy with bottled natural gas and a school bus in Canada in the 1970s that I only vaguely remember, but it was enough to squelch a move to bottled natural gas for a time.

There was something Dr. Stephen Chu advocated. It wasn't hydrogen, but right now I can't recall what it was.
 
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Aussie Pete

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Sure - it's a beautiful truck and I'm still a fan! Better a Tesla semi than any oil truck! But here's the thing.

The age old problem with big electric trucks is the bigger you make the battery to extend the range, the heavier the battery. The heavier the battery, the less cargo you can take, and the less profitability per truck and driver's salary. It's a bit like the rocket equation where you end up taking heaps of fuel with you to carry the fuel. Imagine if rockets could refuel half way up? Australia's Janus will do this!

EG: Tesla's Semi does 800 km in one charge! Great! Tesla can get another 400 km charge in a half hour break. Great! But what's not so great? 40 tonnes per trip. But because the Janus truck isn't trying to take all it's battery in one go, it can carry 100 tonnes. That's 2.5 times the cargo of the Tesla. Janus drives half or a third of the way and swaps the huge battery over, and then keeps on going with that 100 tonnes. One Janus truck with 2 or 3 swappable batteries suddenly replaces 2.5 whole Tesla trucks to buy and charge, and 2.5 driver's salaries!

The Janus system is just moving more with less, even if it requires 3 batteries for every one truck. It also means the battery does not have to super-charge like the expensive Tesla Mega-charger. Tesla try to charge 80% of the battery in half an hour - but Janus can take a few hours to recharge the battery for the next truck. It means less stress on the battery and electricity grid. It can be retrofitted into any gasoline big rig under 10 years old! Watch the forklift swap the battery. Whether or not Janus succeeds or another company gets their first is irrelevant - this just makes sense.
Like I said, the regulations are different in the US. The load restriction is 82,000 lbs. There is no point in making a truck that can carry more. It's not road legal. Tesla is working on a system that would allow one driver to control a number of vehicles like a train. Again, regulation is a limiting factor. I doubt we'll see Tesla trucks in Australia. They are too wide for our roads for a start.
 
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eclipsenow

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You can say the same thing about gold. The resource issue was something I only came across last week.
Google around Lithium supplies. There's plenty. I just saw this.
Hydrogen might be invisible but it burns up. Gasoline leaks around all over the place and burns everything up. More people would walk away from hydrogen fires than gasoline.
Also, what else is there at the same price - at least for flight? Electric trucks are HERE! Hydrogen flights are almost here.

Sure hydrogen takes up more cargo or passenger space. That sounds like a real problem when that’s cutting into an airlines already very tight profits. But here’s the thing. Fuel cells require vastly less servicing than combustion engines! So overall the CASM (Cost for Available Seat Mile) goes down! That means, although there’s less seats – the savings on the cost per seat is actually so low the airline might make MORE MONEY per passenger.

Less passengers: but more profit per passenger! In smaller flights anyway. Larger flights have other challenges – but they might burn the hydrogen in an engine.

 
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Tuur

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Hydrogen might be invisible but it burns up. Gasoline leaks around all over the place and burns everything up. More people would walk away from hydrogen fires than gasoline.
Hydrogen has a lower BTU than gasoline or diesel. It's odorless, which means that, like natural gas, you can't smell a leak, and why it would need an additive to give it a smell. Burning colorless means that it's possible to move a hand or even walk into a hydrogen flame without knowing it's there, which is why it would also need an additive to give it color.

Since hydrogen is a gas, it doesn't day in one place, and while it's lighter than air, air is a fluid that swirls and whirls and well, behaves like a fluid. It would tend to collect up under any sort of overhang, keeping in mind that air is a fluid. Hydrogen atoms are also exceptionally tiny, and will ooze right through some materials (Helium will, too). In a high enough concentration as it swirls around, given a spark or flame it will combust. I wouldn't recommend naming a hydrogen vehicle company Hindenburg Motors.

Gasoline vapors also act as a fluid. They would tend to collect down in something, though keep in mind air is a fluid. In a high enough concentration, it will combust given a spark or flame. Its molecules are larger than hydrogen atoms. More importantly, it's liquid under normal temperatures.

Here is where we get to the big problem: Stored hydrogen is a gas under pressure. This is what caused the issue with bottled gas with that incident in Canada in the 1970s that I only hazily recall. The bus used either natural gas or propane, and in the accident, it was the tank rupturing that caused the tragedy. If I remember it correctly (big if), the victims were likely killed by the force of the rupture before the gas combusted. There was research in the 1970s of making a hydrogen tank out of a sort of metal sponge to lessen rupture problems in a crash, but don't recall how far that came along. The point is that a ruptured tank of a gas under pressure presents issues beyond the gas contained inside the tank.

When a gasoline tank ruptures, since it's under no or slight pressure, you end up with a hole or rip in the tank and gasoline leaking, but the force of the rupture doesn't present a problem as it does with any gas under pressure. The leaking gasoline presents a problem, and if the vapor has a spark or a flame, it will combust, just like hydrogen.

The gas under pressure problem is more significant than many think. In the 1970s there was serious effort to move to natural gas or propane to power vehicles due to availability, and remember articles on converting vehicles to natural gas. It might have caught on had it not been for the issue of what happens if the tank ruptures.
 
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eclipsenow

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Hydrogen has a lower BTU than gasoline or diesel. It's odorless, which means that, like natural gas, you can't smell a leak, and why it would need an additive to give it a smell. Burning colorless means that it's possible to move a hand or even walk into a hydrogen flame without knowing it's there, which is why it would also need an additive to give it color.

Since hydrogen is a gas, it doesn't day in one place, and while it's lighter than air, air is a fluid that swirls and whirls and well, behaves like a fluid. It would tend to collect up under any sort of overhang, keeping in mind that air is a fluid. Hydrogen atoms are also exceptionally tiny, and will ooze right through some materials (Helium will, too). In a high enough concentration as it swirls around, given a spark or flame it will combust. I wouldn't recommend naming a hydrogen vehicle company Hindenburg Motors.

Gasoline vapors also act as a fluid. They would tend to collect down in something, though keep in mind air is a fluid. In a high enough concentration, it will combust given a spark or flame. Its molecules are larger than hydrogen atoms. More importantly, it's liquid under normal temperatures.

Here is where we get to the big problem: Stored hydrogen is a gas under pressure. This is what caused the issue with bottled gas with that incident in Canada in the 1970s that I only hazily recall. The bus used either natural gas or propane, and in the accident, it was the tank rupturing that caused the tragedy. If I remember it correctly (big if), the victims were likely killed by the force of the rupture before the gas combusted. There was research in the 1970s of making a hydrogen tank out of a sort of metal sponge to lessen rupture problems in a crash, but don't recall how far that came along. The point is that a ruptured tank of a gas under pressure presents issues beyond the gas contained inside the tank.

When a gasoline tank ruptures, since it's under no or slight pressure, you end up with a hole or rip in the tank and gasoline leaking, but the force of the rupture doesn't present a problem as it does with any gas under pressure. The leaking gasoline presents a problem, and if the vapor has a spark or a flame, it will combust, just like hydrogen.

The gas under pressure problem is more significant than many think. In the 1970s there was serious effort to move to natural gas or propane to power vehicles due to availability, and remember articles on converting vehicles to natural gas. It might have caught on had it not been for the issue of what happens if the tank ruptures.
Forgive me but I'm not quite sure what your point is?
Gasoline requires transport around the world in oil tankers that leak, gasoline explodes, gasoline funds countries that don't like us very much in the Middle East and Russia - but we still use it! Similar problems and challenges can be raised for uranium, coal, indeed almost energy source. Tradesmen and women die falling off rooftops when installing solar panels, and mechanics die servicing wind turbines. It doesn't mean we're going to stop using these products! Indeed, there's a quite morbid study into the Death's Per Terrawatt associated with each energy source.
Just LOOK at the death rate for coal! It's like 2 Chernobyl's a Day! Yet the danger to workers and more importantly the innocent civilian masses is clear.
nuclear-oil-coal-deaths.jpg


Hydrogen has it's own challenges. Granted.
But we're mainly talking about using it in airlines - by highly technically trained engineers who know what to look for. The same in industry where it might replace coking coal for steel manufacture and other industries. These people will be industry trained - and do annual compliance training.

I'm not advocating that anyone and their dog use hydrogen - not for cars and household heating and other domestic use. In normal civilian life my mantra is "Electrify everything!"
 
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Tuur

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Forgive me but I'm not quite sure what your point is?
You implied it was safer than gasoline. It's not. Lower BTU means lower energy content which means it takes more to produce the same amount of energy as gasoline. Using gases for fuels is possible and has been done, yet there are significant storage and safety issues. Wishful thinking won't make them go away.
 
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eclipsenow

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You implied it was safer than gasoline. It's not. Lower BTU means lower energy content which means it takes more to produce the same amount of energy as gasoline. Using gases for fuels is possible and has been done, yet there are significant storage and safety issues. Wishful thinking won't make them go away.
I've not seen any studies but I imagine a plane crashing with hydrogen might explode. But there also might be scenarios where a fuel leak from gasoline would kill and burn everyone - and a fuel leak from hydrogen might just float up and away and not burn anyone escaping under it. At least - that's what I read somewhere years ago.

Tony Seba talks about 'super-power'.
EG: 100% renewable energy plans rely on OVER-BUILDING solar to cope with your worst few weeks of the year. Rather than try and store power for a winter month - you build your wind and solar grid to cope with that month and turn it off the rest of the year so that 4 or 5 times your normal capacity doesn't FRY YOUR GRID! OR - put it to use doing DAC (Direct Air Capture of carbon) or Desal or even running a Plasma Burner to recycle waste at the atomic level. These are normally expensive on today's grids - but in the future there will be 10 or 11 months of the year this excess power would otherwise be wasted. As long as the service can shut down for the worst month or 2 of weather each year, why NOT use an extra 4 to 5 times your whole nation's grid capacity to do DAC, Desal, or Plasma?

Or why not synthetic jet fuel - if you have that much cheap disposable energy to use the rest of the year? At least for the airline industry? Synthetic diesel
 
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Bob Crowley

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It doesn't mean we're going to stop using these products! Indeed, there's a quite morbid study into the Death's Per Terrawatt associated with each energy source.

I'm assuming the following information is correct, but there is a graph here demonstrating death rates from several energy sources per Terrawatt.


I'm still inclined to think of hydrogen for transport, even if it's not the most efficient source overall. I don't really think vehicle safety is an issue and I don't think it will be any worse than car accidents now.


Are hydrogen-powered vehicles safe?​

When it comes to hydrogen-powered vehicles, many people think of the Hindenburg disaster (in which a hydrogen-filled German airship exploded in the United States in 1937, killing 36). However, hydrogen-powered vehicles are considered as safe as conventional EVs and petrol and diesel-powered vehicles. An average petrol fuel tank holds up to four times the energy and explosive potential of a hydrogen fuel-cell tank.

How is the hydrogen in hydrogen-powered vehicles stored?​

In a hydrogen-powered passenger vehicle, the hydrogen is stored in liquid form in thick-walled tanks usually under the cargo area behind the rear seat. The tanks have been designed to withstand damage and thoroughly crash-tested. Extra safety mechanisms protect against leaks and explosions. Hyundai, for example, says if a hydrogen-powered vehicle catches fire, a detection system will force-expel the hydrogen from the tank into the atmosphere before the temperature reaches dangerous levels. It says the tank will not explode, even if the vehicle is incinerated. In the event of a hydrogen leak, it will be detected by sensors that will seal valves and fuel lines and set off an alarm.

While it may not have the same energy potential as petrol (gas to Americans) or diesel, if it can be produced with solar power then it becomes a "Green fuel" source.

Is hydrogen power truly green and renewable?​

According to the Australian Hydrogen Council, most hydrogen used today is produced from fossil fuels. Hydrogen can be truly green if created by using renewable-powered electricity as the energy used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen (called electrolysis), the resulting hydrogen is free of carbon emissions and can be stored and transported and supplied to vehicles via a bowser set-up
I still think hydrogen will become a significant fuel source for transport at least.
 
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eclipsenow

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I still think hydrogen will become a significant fuel source for transport at least.

Possibly? IF the original sources of power can be cheap enough. Who knows? Have you watched Tony Seba above? If 'Super-Power' (your national grid multiplied by 3 or 4 or even 5 times in cheap abundant renewable energy - all just to cope with winter!) becomes a thing - then maybe the other 11 months of the year will be used to do all sorts of extra energy tasks like build up a good reserve of hydrogen. The problem is Tony Seba also predicted the electric car revolution we're seeing today and expects batteries to get even better, cheaper, and faster to recharge. EV + solar on roof = home refinery. Without trying to store leaky hydrogen that can also burn dangerously. Without requiring everyone be experts in handling hydrogen - but just a easy click recharger.
 
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eclipsenow

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I guess as the charging stations become bigger they'll have to get CCTV going.

But the sheer efficiency is why electricity will win. 10 giant Aussie 100 ton trucks run from the warehouse roof! More from a nearby paddock. It's the economics of it.
 
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I guess as the charging stations become bigger they'll have to get CCTV going.

But the sheer efficiency is why electricity will win. 10 giant Aussie 100 ton trucks run from the warehouse roof! More from a nearby paddock. It's the economics of it.
It will work in Australia, no doubt. It won't work anywhere else in the world. It's not comparable to the Tesla semi. The Tesla truck won't be sold in Australia and I can't see Janus selling in the US. Different vehicles for different markets.
 
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