James Webb Telescope Updates

Halbhh

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Some interesting details you might not find in many reports, such as a discussion of why the flight path had a dip downward (loss of height above Earth) for a while during the upper stage burn -- this is to allow the most efficient possible way to gain orbital energy: burn fuel closer to the planet.

 

Halbhh

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From today (Monday):
"Flight controllers in Maryland had to reset Webb’s solar panel to draw more power. The observatory — considered the successor to the aging Hubble Space Telescope — was never in any danger, with a constant power flow, said Amy Lo, a lead engineer for the telescope's prime contractor, Northrop Grumman.

They also repointed the telescope to limit sunlight on six overheating motors. The motors cooled enough to begin securing the sunshield, a three-day process that can be halted if the problem crops up again, officials said.

“Everything is hunky-dory and doing well now,” Lo said.
...
...the telescope's gold-plated mirror — more than 21 feet (6.5 meters) across — could unfold as soon as this weekend...."


NASA's new space telescope 'hunky-dory' after problems fixed (msn.com)
 
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Halbhh

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Mirror wings today I think. Today timewise it's about halfway to the L2 destination. Distance wise it's getting close to 3/4ths of the distance. It slows gradually as it continues to move away from Earth.

Where Is Webb? NASA/Webb

Starboard Primary Mirror Wing (deployment) Begins

Nominal Event Time: Launch + 14 days. (Saturday 1/8/22)

Status: Ongoing. WATCH LIVE - Update 9:30 a.m. EST (14:30 UTC)

The deployments team begins planning and operations to deploy the right/starboard (-V2) wing of the primary mirror from its stowed/launch position into its operational position. Each wing holds 3 of the 18 mirror segments.

 
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Halbhh

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"...the team declared all major deployments successfully completed.

The world’s largest and most complex space science telescope will now begin moving its 18 primary mirror segments to align the telescope optics. The ground team will command 126 actuators on the backsides of the segments to flex each mirror – an alignment that will take months to complete. Then the team will calibrate the science instruments prior to delivering Webb’s first images this summer.

“I am so proud of the team – spanning continents and decades – that delivered this first-of-its kind achievement,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for the Science Mission Directorate in NASA Headquarters in Washington. “Webb’s successful deployment exemplifies the best of what NASA has to offer: the willingness to attempt bold and challenging things in the name of discoveries still unknown.”

Soon, Webb will also undergo a third mid-course correction burn – one of three planned to place the telescope precisely in orbit around the second Lagrange point, commonly known as L2, nearly 1 million miles from Earth. This is Webb’s final orbital position, where its sunshield will protect it from light from the Sun, Earth, and Moon that could interfere with observations of infrared light. Webb is designed to peer back over 13.5 billion years to capture infrared light from celestial objects, with much higher resolution than ever before..."
https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-webb-telescope-reaches-major-milestone-as-mirror-unfolds
 
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FrumiousBandersnatch

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"...the team declared all major deployments successfully completed.

The world’s largest and most complex space science telescope will now begin moving its 18 primary mirror segments to align the telescope optics. The ground team will command 126 actuators on the backsides of the segments to flex each mirror – an alignment that will take months to complete. Then the team will calibrate the science instruments prior to delivering Webb’s first images this summer.

“I am so proud of the team – spanning continents and decades – that delivered this first-of-its kind achievement,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for the Science Mission Directorate in NASA Headquarters in Washington. “Webb’s successful deployment exemplifies the best of what NASA has to offer: the willingness to attempt bold and challenging things in the name of discoveries still unknown.”

Soon, Webb will also undergo a third mid-course correction burn – one of three planned to place the telescope precisely in orbit around the second Lagrange point, commonly known as L2, nearly 1 million miles from Earth. This is Webb’s final orbital position, where its sunshield will protect it from light from the Sun, Earth, and Moon that could interfere with observations of infrared light. Webb is designed to peer back over 13.5 billion years to capture infrared light from celestial objects, with much higher resolution than ever before..."
https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-webb-telescope-reaches-major-milestone-as-mirror-unfolds
Apparently, once it gets to L2, it will take a couple of months to cool down to its operating temperature, so I would expect the final focusing adjustments of the mirror sections to wait until after that has occurred.
 
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Halbhh

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From NASA's update page: Where Is Webb? NASA/Webb

Most Recently Completed:

L2 Insertion Burn
Mid Course Correction Burn (MCC2) - L2 Orbit Insertion

Nominal Event Time: Updated: Launch + 30 days

Status: Complete. Webb is in L2 Orbit!

Conduct activities to plan and execute MCC2 - the insertion burn for Webb's L2 orbit. The vast majority of the energy required to place Webb in L2 orbit was provided by the Ariane 5 rocket. After release of the observatory from the rocket, several small tweaks to the trajectory were executed (mid-course correction burns - MCC), to ease the observatory into its operating orbit. MCC2 is the final burn to fine tune Webb's halo orbit.

The adjacent diagram shows a conceptual view of Webb's trajectory and halo orbit. Webb launched on the sun-facing side of the earth and travelled a slightly curved trajectory for the ~1,000,000mi (~1,609,344km) to enter its L2 halo orbit. A halo orbit is one which rather than follow a single path, is an orbit that periodically varies through a series of paths. The 'Earth/L2 frame' orbits the Sun while Webb orbits L2 as shown in this animation of Webb's orbit. Also note Webb's orientation; the sunshield is perpendicular to the Sun so Webb's mirrors and instruments are in cold complete darkness.


trajectoryMapping2.41-NoText-1800px.jpg


What the L2 halo orbit looks like schematically:

 
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What's next:

WEBB IS ORBITING L2
Next Steps: Cooldown, Alignment, Calibration

Nominal Event Time: Launch + 30 days
Status: Webb is in L2 Orbit and Cooling

Telescope deployment is complete. Webb is now orbiting L2. Ongoing cooldown and eventual instrument turn-on, testing and calibration occur. Telescope mirror alignment and calibration also begin as temperatures fall within range and instruments are enabled. Stay tuned...this page will track these milestones and keep you informed of where Webb is on the path to our first science images.

The telescope and scientific instruments started to cool rapidly in the shade of the sunshield once it was deployed, but it will take several weeks for them to cool all the way down to stable operational temperatures. This cooldown will be carefully controlled with strategically-placed electric heater strips. The remaining five months of commissioning will be all about aligning the optics and calibrating the scientific instruments.


Deployment Explorer Webb/NASA
 
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Ophiolite

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What's next:

WEBB IS ORBITING L2
Next Steps: Cooldown, Alignment, Calibration

Nominal Event Time: Launch + 30 days
Status: Webb is in L2 Orbit and Cooling

Telescope deployment is complete. Webb is now orbiting L2. Ongoing cooldown and eventual instrument turn-on, testing and calibration occur. Telescope mirror alignment and calibration also begin as temperatures fall within range and instruments are enabled. Stay tuned...this page will track these milestones and keep you informed of where Webb is on the path to our first science images.

The telescope and scientific instruments started to cool rapidly in the shade of the sunshield once it was deployed, but it will take several weeks for them to cool all the way down to stable operational temperatures. This cooldown will be carefully controlled with strategically-placed electric heater strips. The remaining five months of commissioning will be all about aligning the optics and calibrating the scientific instruments.


Deployment Explorer Webb/NASA
It is now almost 65 years since Sputnik 1 was launched and intiated the space race. In contrast to Webb it measured 23 inches across and its active "instrumentation" was simply a radio transmitter.

It makes me wonder (and marvel) at what we shall have out there in 2087. I envy those of you who will be here to see it.
 
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Halbhh

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It is now almost 65 years since Sputnik 1 was launched and intiated the space race. In contrast to Webb it measured 23 inches across and its active "instrumentation" was simply a radio transmitter.

It makes me wonder (and marvel) at what we shall have out there in 2087. I envy those of you who will be here to see it.
Yes, Webb could potentially be as amazing as Hubble (which famously looked in one of the most empty and dark bits of sky for a very lengthy exposure and found the Hubble Deep Field -- galaxies strew like tiny debris everywhere, more of them than expected).

I remember once when it was thought (and widely repeated in print to be the estimate) that the total number of galaxies in the Universe was thought to be (merely :D ) about (on the order) of 100 billion.

That's been revised upwards sharply.

Hubble is a big part of why.

Now it's thought to be more like 2 trillion. :)
 
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FrumiousBandersnatch

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It is now almost 65 years since Sputnik 1 was launched and intiated the space race. In contrast to Webb it measured 23 inches across and its active "instrumentation" was simply a radio transmitter.

It makes me wonder (and marvel) at what we shall have out there in 2087. I envy those of you who will be here to see it.
Yes; I only hope that what is out there in orbit in 2087 is not a vast field of satellite debris blocking access to space for both physical launches and astronomical observations...
 
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Ophiolite

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Yes; I only hope that what is out there in orbit in 2087 is not a vast field of satellite debris blocking access to space for both physical launches and astronomical observations...
True, but to clarify, I very much hope and fully expect that several of the probes will not be in orbit. By 2087 micro-probes should be well en route to Alpha Centauri, or other close neighbour. And others will be motoring around in the oceans of Enceladus and Europa. Etc.
 
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Halbhh

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True, but to clarify, I very much hope and fully expect that several of the probes will not be in orbit. By 2087 micro-probes should be well en route to Alpha Centauri, or other close neighbour. And others will be motoring around in the oceans of Enceladus and Europa. Etc.
The latter a lot sooner. Isn't NASA already considering sending proves to explore under the ice of one or more of the ocean moons? I bet that will happen during our lifetimes.
 
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Ophiolite

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The latter a lot sooner. Isn't NASA already considering sending proves to explore under the ice of one or more of the ocean moons? I bet that will happen during our lifetimes.
Considering, yes. But explore remotely by radar (?), seismic (?), possibly a 'drilled' hole. (A nuclear probe, with instrumentation could melt its way down.)

Results would be unlikely to emerge before 2035. That's beyond my Sell-By Date. I'm holding on for a Manned Mars landing in the late 20s.
 
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Mirror alignment update. With JWST (James Webb Space Telescope) selfie.

Fun video showing image from the telescope of 18 not yet aligned images of 1 star from the 18 mirrors, a starting step.

 
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Bob Crowley

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Yes; I only hope that what is out there in orbit in 2087 is not a vast field of satellite debris blocking access to space for both physical launches and astronomical observations...

You'll be able to go for a space walk using the junk as stepping stones.
 
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FrumiousBandersnatch

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You'll be able to go for a space walk using the junk as stepping stones.
That reminds me of that persistent sci-fi movie trope - where the spaceship has to navigate through or hide in an asteroid belt or cloud and they're dodging between the boulders like a video game - when, in practice, the asteroids would probably be too far apart to even see more than an occasional speck in the distance...
 
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That reminds me of that persistent sci-fi movie trope - where the spaceship has to navigate through or hide in an asteroid belt or cloud and they're dodging between the boulders like a video game - when, in practice, the asteroids would probably be too far apart to even see more than an occasional speck in the distance...
Indeed. By a crude calculation, they are 8 times further apart than we are from the moon: What is the average distance between objects in our asteroid belt?
 
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