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There are definitely covenants, and there are dispensations.
Regarding Covenants, God made many covenants with various peoples and nations and in many different times. But the main ones are:
God made a covenant with Adam and Eve.
God made a covenant with Noah.
God made a covenant with Abraham, and also all the Patriarchs
God made a covenant with Israel under Moses
God made a New Covenant of redemption by His Son so that, whosever believes in Him may be saved.
One cannot deny that there were different dispensations.
- The Law, under Moses was a dispensation under the Mosaic Law.
- The New Covenant is also brought in a new dispensation.
- I believe there will be a Thousand Year reign of Christ on earth in which God deals with Israel, fulfilling His promises to that nation. That is a dispensation. Resurrected Christians will reign with Christ over the nations during that 1000 years.
- Then there is the Eternal State after the Thousand Year reign, in which God himself will dwell on earth with His people forever.
In the Eternal State:
God's
eternal resting place is Zion - the New Jerusalem stepping out of heaven onto the earth (
Psalms 132:12-14 / Revelation 21:1-3) of which God would dwell with His people (
those who remain faithful) for forever (
Psalms 132:12-14 / Hebrews 4:8-11).
We
enter God's eternal resting place (an actual place that God is establishing as the one He chose -Zion) at a future time by remaining faithful, into which we "
rest from our works" (
Revelation 14:13; Hebrews 11:13-16) compare to
Hebrews 4:8-11.
God's eternal resting place - the
New Jerusalem coming down from heaven (
Revelation 21:2-3) is the same one as
Pslams 132:12-14 describes, and is what
Hebrews 4:8-11 is referring to.
So, we see, in the eternal state, that God will dwell forever in Zion with His people on earth, just as God promised in
Psalms 132:12-14. That prophecy is
Revelation 21:1-3 - the New Jerusalem coming down from heaven to Zion - where God will eternally dwell with His people - God's eternal resting place
(Psalms 132:12-14).
The Eternal Kingdom that all those who remain faithful inherit, is from heaven, but resides on earth, just as God promised
(Psalms 132:12-14 / Hebrews 4:8-11)
Revelation 21:2-3 (WEB) 2 I saw the holy city, New Jerusalem,
coming down out of heaven from God, prepared like a bride adorned for her husband. 3 I heard a loud voice out of heaven saying, “Behold,
God’s dwelling is with people, and he will dwell with them, and they will be his people, and
God himself will be with them as their God.
Hebrews 4:1 and
Hebrews 4:11 are both referring to eternal life, in God’s eternal place of rest, which only those who remain faithful to the end will inherit. As
Hebrews 4 teaches and warns, the possibility exists that they could come short or fall away.
Hebrews 4:1 (WEB)
Let us fear therefore, lest perhaps anyone of you should seem to have
come short of a promise of entering into his rest.
Hebrews 4:11 (WEB)
11
Let us therefore give
diligence to enter into that rest,
lest anyone fall after the same example of disobedience.
And so, we must be diligent to enter that rest, lest anyone fall after the same example as Israel did.
This is a warning given to Christians, because the possibility exists that we will fall into temptation and sin, just as the Israelites did, and could lose out on the gracious gift of Eternal Life, and so not be able to enter God’s place of rest.
Yes, true, Lord Jesus came for
all His sheep, those of Israel, and those of the nations (the other sheep):
John 10:16 (WEB)
16 I have other sheep, which are not of this fold. [
Isaiah 56:8]
17 They will become
one flock with one shepherd.
Isaiah 56:8-9 (WEB)
8 The Lord Yahweh, who gathers the outcasts of Israel, says, “I will yet gather others to him, in addition to his own who are gathered.”
However, in the Millennial Reign of Christ on earth, God will again deal with Israel, to fulfill His promises to her. The resurrected Christian saints will reign with Christ during that time.
Israel has been reborn in a single day as prophesied, and Jews from all over being gathered to Israel according to God's Word. But the Jews do not actually repent and come to believe in Lord Jesus until the Battle of Armageddon. God will fulfill His promises to Israel in the Millennial Reign of Christ, as prophesied.
Zechariah 12:1-14
1 A prophecy: The word of the Lord concerning Israel.
The Lord, who stretches out the heavens, who lays the foundation of the earth, and who forms the human spirit within a person, declares: 2 “
I am going to make Jerusalem a cup that sends all the surrounding peoples reeling. Judah will be besieged as well as Jerusalem. 3
On that day, when all the nations of the earth are gathered against her, I will make Jerusalem an immovable rock for all the nations.
All who try to move it will injure themselves. 4 On that day I will strike every horse with panic and its rider with madness,” declares the Lord. “I will keep a watchful eye over Judah, but I will blind all the horses of the nations. 5 Then the clans of Judah will say in their hearts, ‘The people of Jerusalem are strong, because the Lord Almighty is their God.’
6 “
On that day I will make the clans of Judah like a firepot in a woodpile, like a flaming torch among sheaves. They will consume all the surrounding peoples right and left, but Jerusalem will remain intact in her place.
7 “The Lord will save the dwellings of Judah first, so that the honor of the house of David and of Jerusalem’s inhabitants may not be greater than that of Judah. 8 On that day the Lord will shield those who live in Jerusalem, so that the feeblest among them will be like David, and the house of David will be like God, like the angel of the Lord going before them. 9 On that day I will set out to destroy all the nations that attack Jerusalem.
10 “
And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and supplication. They will look on me, the one they have pierced, and they will mourn for him as one mourns for an only child, and grieve bitterly for him as one grieves for a firstborn son. 11 On that day the weeping in Jerusalem will be as great as the weeping of Hadad Rimmon in the plain of Megiddo. 12 The land will mourn, each clan by itself, with their wives by themselves: the clan of the house of David and their wives, the clan of the house of Nathan and their wives, 13 the clan of the house of Levi and their wives, the clan of Shimei and their wives, 14 and all the rest of the clans and their wives.
Christians will reign with Christ 1000 years over Israel and the nations.
Revelation 20:2-4 (WEB)
2 He seized the dragon, the old serpent, which is the devil and Satan, who deceives the whole inhabited earth, and
bound him for a thousand years, 3 and cast him into the abyss, and shut it, and sealed it over him, that
he should deceive the nations no more, until the thousand years were finished. After this, he must be freed for a short time. 4 I saw thrones, and they sat on them, and judgment was given to them. I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded for the testimony of Jesus, and for the word of God, and such as didn’t worship the beast nor his image, and didn’t receive the mark on their forehead and on their hand.
They lived and reigned with Christ for a thousand years. 5 The rest of the dead didn’t live until the thousand years were finished. This is the first resurrection.
This all fulfills the promises made to Israel...
Zechariah 1:17 (WEB)
17 “Proclaim further, saying, ‘Yahweh of Armies says: “My cities will again overflow with prosperity, and Yahweh will again comfort Zion, and will again choose Jerusalem.”’”
Zechariah 2:12 (WEB)
12 Yahweh will inherit Judah as his portion in the holy land, and will again choose Jerusalem.
During the 1000 yr reign, the Christians who were faithful onto death well reign with Christ 1000 yrs.
Matthew 19:28 (WEB)
28 Jesus said to them, “Most certainly I tell you that you who have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of Man will sit on the throne of his glory, you also will sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
After the Millennial Reign, then the
second Judgment occurs, and then the eternal state follows when God will dwell on earth with His people forever - all those who trust in God.
Revelation 21:1-3 (WEB)
21 I saw a
new heaven and a
new earth: for the first heaven and the first earth have passed away, and the sea is no more. 2 I saw the holy city,
New Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared like a bride adorned for her husband. 3 I heard a loud voice out of heaven saying, “Behold,
God’s dwelling is with people, and
he will dwell with them, and they will be his people, and God himself will be with them as their God.
Psalms 132:3-4 (WEB)
13 For Yahweh has chosen Zion.
He has desired it for his habitation.
14 “This is my resting place forever.
I will live here, for I have desired it.