1 John 5:19 >
"We know that we are of God, and the whole world lies under the sway of the wicked one." (1 John 5:19)
So, not only is Satan called "Satan" which ones say can mean our accuser and adversary, but also I see how John says he is "the wicked one". And Paul says there is "the spirit who now works in the sons of disobedience," in Ephesians 2:2.
God's word doesn't say it was a parable. And it appears that John is saying the world is under the sway of Satan. And this would be by means of the evil spirit "who" is working in disobedient people.
And Jesus told Peter that Satan had "asked" to sift Peter as wheat. He did not say that was a parable. Parables, to my knowledge do not ask to sift humans as wheat.
"Simon, Simon! Indeed, Satan has asked for you, that he may sift you as wheat." (Luke 22:31)
Jesus refers to Satan as "he", not "it".
In any case, I would say Satan has different names in order to bring out different things which are true of him. He is our enemy, adversary, wicked, and ruling the evil world . . . not what parables and theoretical interpretations are known for doing.
And the Bible does not clearly say otherwise. So, Jesus also says >
"the ruler of this world is judged,"
in John 16:11.
And Jesus says "the ruler of this world is cast out." (in John 16:11)
So, Satan is the ruler of the evil world, I would say this means. A ruler is a personal being, in this case spiritual.
Why does Satan not want us to know this? If people think they themselves are their own gods, then they can be tricked into taking things into their own hands, and not know who is causing them to do this. He is an outcast and condemned . . . not how he wants people to see him, to say the least. Because "he is a liar and the father of it," Jesus also says, in John 8:44.
So, Jesus and John and Paul are talking about Satan as "he", not "it". Parables and interpretations are its.
But yes in God's word there are parables in which there are personal beings. So, I see how ones could decide this is a stepping stone to show that anything about Satan is a parable, too.
God's word does not normally sat it is a parable; the translators often do. one reason for parables is to prevent literalism. The living word of God provides an endless stream of understanding, literalism circumvents that stream.
Matthew 13:10-11 (NKJV)
10 And the disciples came and said to Him, "Why do You speak to them in parables?"
11 He answered and said to them, "Because it has been given to you to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it has not been given.
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