It was an interesting read and I do admit their judgment seemed final but God changed his mind and decided to show mercy. Got anymore?
The next example that came to mind was one of the instances of someone asking God for mercy, to relent, and let the people live even though they had begun a profound evil (one which tends to lead to an even more serious wrong we learn later in Deuteronomy chapter 12, verses 29-31: the reason idol worship could not be tolerated wasn't only that it broke the relationship with God, and led the people away from Him, but additionally to the great evils that follow from it also).
Here's the fun example that came to mind first:
1When the people saw that Moses was so long in coming down from the mountain, they gathered around Aaron and said, “Come, make us gods who will go before us. As for this fellow Moses who brought us up out of Egypt, we don’t know what has happened to him.”
2Aaron answered them, “Take off the gold earrings that your wives, your sons and your daughters are wearing, and bring them to me.”
3So all the people took off their earrings and brought them to Aaron.
4He took what they handed him and made it into an idol cast in the shape of a calf, fashioning it with a tool. Then they said, “These are your gods, Israel, who brought you up out of Egypt.”
5When Aaron saw this, he built an altar in front of the calf and announced, “Tomorrow there will be a festival to the Lord.”
6So the next day the people rose early and sacrificed burnt offerings and presented fellowship offerings. Afterward they sat down to eat and drink and got up to indulge in revelry.
7Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go down, because your people, whom you brought up out of Egypt, have become corrupt.
8They have been quick to turn away from what I commanded them and have made themselves an idol cast in the shape of a calf. They have bowed down to it and sacrificed to it and have said, ‘These are your gods, Israel, who brought you up out of Egypt.’
9“I have seen these people,” the Lord said to Moses, “and they are a stiff-necked people.
10Now leave me alone so that my anger may burn against them and that I may destroy them. Then I will make you into a great nation.”
11But Moses sought the favor of the Lord his God. “Lord,” he said, “why should your anger burn against your people, whom you brought out of Egypt with great power and a mighty hand?
12Why should the Egyptians say, ‘It was with evil intent that he brought them out, to kill them in the mountains and to wipe them off the face of the earth’? Turn from your fierce anger; relent and do not bring disaster on your people.
13Remember your servants Abraham, Isaac and Israel, to whom you swore by your own self: ‘I will make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky and I will give your descendants all this land I promised them, and it will be their inheritance forever.’ ”
14Then the Lord relented and did not bring on his people the disaster he had threatened.
Exodus 32 NIV
Here God is saying He will simply wipe them all out and make Moses himself the new start and turn his descendents into the great people he promised Abraham...
But Moses gains a respite, so that only those who will choose to continue after the golden calf, when Moses appears and puts the choice to them -- only those that don't repent and turn back to God will be destroyed. Those that do turn to God, leaving the golden calf, will be spared (and have only a lesser penalty even though it is one of the greatest of the evils they did).
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It's useful for many to learn more about the evils entailed in idol worship: leaving God, losing faith, losing the very purpose of life here: to be in relationship with God....and that's not all. Even this also:
31You shall not worship the LORD your God in that way, for every abominable thing that the LORD hates they have done for their gods, for they even burn their sons and their daughters in the fire to their gods.
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This exodus passage show other deep lessons, but here we are noticing first and wonderfully that because Moses pleads for the people, God spares those that turn back to Him, even though He was ready to destroy them all.