Is God "fair" in the sense we see the things? Ancient Greeks had the opportunity to hear Paul preaching and got saved, ancient Chinese had not.
This raises questions I cannot answer, I could only offer some speculation. But I prefer to point to
Job 38:1-2 and Rom 9,14ff.
What is not told in Scripture, should not be taught as a doctrine, see Deut 29:29.
I understand the dilemma this presents and the answer is found in scripture but denies the normal belief of whom "all Israel",is.God is fair and righteous and has not left any man without a witness of Himself.
"Because that which may be known of God is manifest in them; for God hath shewed it unto them.For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse:"(Romans 1:19,20)
So men who act positively to the light shown to them are likely to get more light and hence attain to the revelation necessary for salvation.
The way I see "all Israel":
Romans 9:
27Esaias also crieth concerning Israel, Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea,
a remnant shall be saved:
28For he will finish the work, and cut it short in righteousness: because a short work will the Lord make upon the earth.
29And as Esaias said before, Except the Lord of Sabaoth had left us a seed, we had been as Sodoma, and been made like unto Gomorrha.
With all this in mind what does the,"And so all Israel shall be saved:",really mean?
Does it mean that all Israel at a certain point in time will be saved?Why at that time if one should say yes?What is so special about them at that time?
In case you should point to the rest of the above verse which says:
"...as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob:"(Romans 11:26)
It must be realised that it is only when the deliverer comes that ungodliness is removed according to this translation.How is this all Israel?What about those who existed before or after the deliverer came?
The passage in the Law and Prophets from which this is quoted actually help us to better understand what is intended:
Isaiah 59:
20And the Redeemer shall come to Zion, and unto them that turn from transgression in Jacob, saith the LORD.
21As for me, this is my covenant with them, saith the LORD; My spirit that is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouth, shall not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of thy seed, nor out of the mouth of thy seed's seed, saith the LORD, from henceforth and for ever.
This actually shows that persons are not compelled to stop sinning as the passage in Romans may seem to imply but that the deliverer comes to those who have repented.If this is so and if we can assume all will not repent,then how is this "all Israel" ?
There must be another solution than to believe,all of national Israel which exists now,which still would not be all Israel,will be saved.
Many persons contradict themselves as they try to ignore the spiritual roots of the Church. They will admit that Acts 15:14 refers to an event which has already occurred. Acts 15:15-17 further elaborates to show that the scriptures i.e. Amos 9:11-12 agree with the event which has occurred. The Tabernacle of David was being built and Gentiles were becoming a part of this as Simeon said, (Acts 15:14; 10:44-48) i.e. they were becoming a part of the Church. Hence, the Church is the rebuilding of the Tabernacle of David and Gentiles were seeking the Lord through it (Acts 15:17). However,further on they will attempt to place the rebuilding in the future, as they quote Acts 15:14-16 and conveniently omit verse 17 which is linked to verse 14 and which, by their own admission has already occurred.
Paul also speaks of this rebuilding as he shows that not all who were physical descendants of Jacob were truly Israelites.
"...
For they are not all Israel, which are of Israel:" (Romans 9:1-6).
He (Paul) clearly states that God will call both Jews and Gentiles together to be His (God's) people i.e.His true Israel.
"Even us whom He hath called,
not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles? As He saith also in Hosea, I will call them my people, which were not my people; and her beloved, which was not beloved. And it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God." (Romans 9:24-26; Hosea 2:23;Isaiah 65:1; Romans 10:12-13, 20, 21).
The physical descendants of Israel who have not accepted Christ as Saviour have been cast off (Romans 11:15-20; Matthew 23:37-39).If they receive Christ, they shall then become a part of God's people i.e. true Israel (Romans 11:23-24). This does not apply to those who died out of Christ. They have perished as they died in their sins (John 8:20-24; Matthew 1:21).
All Israel to be saved will include all Gentiles and physical descendants of Jacob who have accepted Christ, i.e. the Israel of God (Romans 11:25-26; Galatians 6:16).