Ok, those questions require an exposition, your in luck, I actually have one:
According to Paul:
Sin came as the result of, 'many died by the trespass of the one man' (Rom. 5:15), 'judgment followed one sin and brought condemnation' (Rom. 5:16), the trespass of the one man, death reigned through that one man (Rom. 5:17), 'just as the result of one trespass was condemnation for all men' (Rom. 5:18), 'through the disobedience of the one man the many were made sinners' (Rom. 5:19).
You say: “Sin came as the result of, 'many died by the trespass of the one man'”, but the Bible does not say that, but does say: “…death came to all people, because all sinned—”
Ro. 5:15 Because Adam and Eve sinned, physical death had to come into the world, but physical death can help some to fulfill their earthly objective, so is physical death bad in and of itself? This could also be referring to being separated (death) from God because of sin (it says many and not all), but this also helps the nonbeliever to become a believer because of the pain and burden of hurting others in the past and not have God to forgive.
Ro. 5:16 Again being accountable in a condemning state of judgement helps the nonbelieving sinner to humbly accept God’s pure charity of forgiveness.
Ro, 5:17 Yes again, death came as the result of Adam and Eve sinning, but from their example we know the Garden situation without inevitable death is a lousy place for humans to fulfill their earthly objective.
Ro. 5:18 Yes, because of Adam’s sin all humans will be condemned to physical death, but that is only bad for the people who are not going to heaven. Death is the way Christian get to go home.
Ro. 5:19 The fact that the word “many” is used and not “all” suggest Adam’s sinning was not past down at conception to all people making even unborn babies’ sinners. The word “many” is used for both the sinners and those made righteous, so who and why did some become sinners and some become righteous? Those who do sin become sinners and those who accept God’s charity become righteous by God.
Looking at the larger context of Romans let's consider the context of Romans 5. The book of Romans tells us that God's invisible attributes and eternal nature have been clearly seen but we exchanged the truth of God for a lie (Rom 1:21,22). As a result the Law of Moses and the law of our own conscience bears witness against us, sometimes accusing, sometimes defending (Rom 2:15). We all sinned but now the righteousness of God has been revealed to be by faith through Christ (Rom 3:21). Abraham became the father of many nations by faith and the supernatural work of God (Rom 4:17). Through one man sin entered the world and through one man righteousness was revealed (Rom 5:12). It looks something like this:
- Exchanging the truth of God for a lie, the creature for the Creator.
In the context of Ro. 1:23 …exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images made to look like a mortal human being and birds and animals and reptiles. It is talking about the Gentiles who worshipped idols.
- Both the Law and our conscience make our sin evident and obvious.
Good, we become burdened at least for a while by our conscience reminding us of how we hurt others in the past (sinned) so we seek relief.
- All sinned, but now the righteousness of God is revealed in Christ.
Paul is addressing Christians who should take comfort in the statement.
- Abraham's lineage produced by a promise and a miracle through faith.
OK
- Through one man sin entered the world and death through sin.
Good
- Just as Christ was raised from the dead we walk in newness of life.
OK
- The law could not save but instead empowered sin to convict.
Romans 5:20 The law was brought in so that the trespass might increase. But where sin increased, grace increased all the more,
- Freed from the law of sin and death (Adamic nature) we're saved.
God does the saving, we just willingly desire to accept God’s undeserved pure charity.
The Scriptures offer an explanation for man's fallen nature, how we inherited it exactly is not important but when Adam and Eve sinned we did not fast. This is affirmed in the New Testament in no uncertain terms by Luke in his genealogy, in Paul's exposition of the Gospel in Romans and even Jesus called the marriage of Adam and Eve 'the beginning'.
Scripture tells us that even with Adam and Eve being made very good and only one way to disobey, they under their own ability and with their nature disobeyed (sinned).
So are you a sinner and why? At what point does the individual become guilty before God as a sinner because the New Testament witness is clear, we all are. So why are we all sinners? Was it because of our first parents or do you have some other explanation? We've seen Paul's, what is yours?
“All” as you know can be referring to a limited group: those being addressed in the letter, the masses, the elect, all Jews, all mature adults and when talking about “all will physically die” seems to be addressing all humans. How did you come to the conclusion “all” has to refer to all humans?
All mature adults do sin, but unborn children do not sin.
So are you saying that we are only sinners when we commit an actual offense against God. That doesn't make sense if Paul tells us:
All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God. (Romans 3:23)
Again, how did you conclude beyond a shadow of doubt “all” means every human including the unborn?
If we didn't inherit sin, then how is it possible some could not have made the choice of not being sinners? I only ask because there is an important theological issue here.
Adam and Eve were made “very good” which is not “perfect” like Christ is perfect, but by God’s standard would most likely be as good as you could make a human. They were raised (or programmed) to adulthood by the very best parent (God) and yet they sinned. So if the very best all human beings with only one way to sinned did sin, then all mature adults with now a vast number of ways to sin will sin. Man on his own does not have the power (the Holy Spirit) and Love within himself not to sin (Adam and Eve showed us that).
You can be innocent and still be a sinner, because God requires the righteousness of God in Christ. I don't recall seeing the exemption for children in Paul's indictment that all are sinners, what did I miss?
Again, we can go through a word study of “all”, but do you believe “all” always means every human?
You just argued quite effectively against your own premise that you don't inherit sin. David confesses he was born in sin, as indeed we all must. Otherwise what would be your explanation that all are sinners?
If you read this carefully in the Hebrew you will see “shapen in iniquity and in sin did my mother conceive me” not referring to David being a sinner, but his mother sinning with his conception.
I would use this explanation:
by William P. Murray, Jr.
Psalm 51:5 - "Behold, I was shapen in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me." KJV
This is a Hebrew poetic parallelism, with the second line of the verse saying the same thing as the first line in a slightly different way. The first verb, of which David is the subject, is in the Pulal tense (as is "made" in # Job 15:7 ), which is an idiom used to refer to creation or origins, and is the 'passive' form of Polel ("formed": # Ps 90:2 Pro 26:10 ). TWOT, #623, 1:270.
The subject of this verse is NOT the state or constitution of David's nature as a sinner at, or before, his birth. The subject is, as the verse clearly states, the 'circumstances' of his conception- the sexual union which produced him was an act of sin, and addresses the unrighteousness of his mother's act, not anything (such as a sin nature) inherent within himself. (The NIV's version of this verse is an INTERPRETATION, not a translation: "Surely I was sinful at birth, sinful from the time my mother conceived me.")
David had two half-sisters (Zeruiah, Abigail).....:
1CHR 2:13-16 13 “And Jesse begat his firstborn Eliab, and Abinadab the second, and Shimma the third, 14 Nethaneel the fourth, Raddai the fifth, 15 Ozem the sixth, David the seventh: 16 Whose sisters were Zeruiah, and Abigail. And the sons of Zeruiah; Abishai, and Joab, and Asahel, three. 17 And Abigail bare Amasa: and the father of Amasa was Jether the Ishmeelite.”
....and the father of David's half-sisters was not Jesse, but Nahash:
2Sam 17:25 “And Absalom made Amasa captain of the host instead of Joab: which Amasa was a man's son, whose name was Ithra an Israelite, that went in to Abigail the daughter of Nahash, sister to Zeruiah Joab's mother.”
Nahash, the father of Zeruiah and Abigal, David's half-sisters, was an Ammonite king:
1Sam 11:1 “Then Nahash the Ammonite came up, and encamped against Jabeshgilead: and all the men of Jabesh said unto Nahash, Make a covenant with us, and we will serve thee.”
1Sam 12:12 “And when ye saw that Nahash the king of the children of Ammon came against you, ye said unto me, Nay; but a king shall reign over us: when the LORD your God was your king.”
David's father was Jesse, not Nahash. Zeruiah and Abigal were David's half-sisters through his mother's previous marriage to Nahash. This would also help explain why Nahash showed kindness to David, perhaps out of respect for David's mother, Nahash’s former wife and the mother of two of Nahash's children.
2Sam 10:2 “Then said David, I will shew kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father shewed kindness unto me. And David sent to comfort him by the hand of his servants for his father. And David's servants came into the land of the children of Ammon.”
David's mother was most likely the second wife of Jesse, the first wife being the mother of David's half-brothers. Jesse’s first wife's standing before the 'righteousness of the law', (her not having been married to, or the concubine of, a heathen king, as was David’s mother), would have been superior to that of David's mother, and explains why David's half-brothers, Jesse's other sons, would have felt they were superior to David, and why he would be accused of being prideful, for thinking he was as good as them....
1Sam 17:28-30 28 “And Eliab his eldest brother heard when he spake unto the men; and Eliab's anger was kindled against David, and he said, Why camest thou down hither? and with whom hast thou left those few sheep in the wilderness? I know thy pride, and the naughtiness of thine heart; for thou art come down that thou mightest see the battle. 29 And David said, What have I now done? Is there not a cause? 30 And he turned from him toward another, and spake after the same manner: and the people answered him again after the former manner.”
...and why David was not considered, by his father Jesse, as 'true' a son as his half-brothers. Samuel had called Jesse and his sons, and thus expected 'all' his sons, to the sacrifice (1Sam 16:5,11). Jesse, having been told to bring 'his sons' by a prophet of the Lord everyone feared (1Sam 16:4), was confident he had obeyed the prophet, even knowing he did not bring David....
1Sam 16:11 “And Samuel said unto Jesse, Are here all thy children? And he said, There remaineth yet the youngest, and, behold, he keepeth the sheep. And Samuel said unto Jesse, Send and fetch him: for we will not sit down till he come hither.”
....which would be consistent with God's sometimes choosing that which men esteemed as worthless (the 'least') to be the greatest: (Gideon- Jud 6:15; King Saul- 1Sam 9:21; Jesus- Mt 2:6, Lk 9:48)
David's mother was apparently a Jewish woman, because 'no Ammonite shall enter the congregation of the Lord to the 10th generation’ (Deu 23:3), and yet in PS 86:16 and PS 116:16, David refers to himself as "the son of thy handmaid", which would seem to testify to his mother's relationship with the Lord. David's mother was, in the eyes of Jewish law, considered 'defiled' by her previous relationship to an Ammonite.
Nu 25:1,2; De 7:3,4; 1ki 11:2-4, Ezr 9:2; Ne 13:23,25; 2Co 6:14-17
I would also say in addition:
A. The mechanism for the transmission of inherited sin is false:
Spiritual consequences of sin cannot be transmitted from father to son but only falls on the one who committed the act: Ezek 18:1-4; 18-20; Jer 32:29-30
1. Exodus 32:3133 In this passage, Moses wanted to receive the punishment for someone else's sin. In verse 33, the one who sinned is removed from the book, not the one whose parents have sinned.
We will be judged only by our own actions: Mt 12:36-37; Rom 2:6; 2 Cor 5:10; 1 Pe 1:17
Isa 59:1-2, "Your sins have separated you from your God" not Adams
Sin is committed by individually breaking God's law: 1 Jn 3:4 (Infants have done nothing)
Where is one Bible verse that says we will be condemned for sin other than our own?
B. Unsaved and unregenerate men are capable of doing good and have freewill:
Gentiles do by nature the good things of the law: Rom 2:14-16
Cornelius was devout, feared God, righteous, Acts 10:1-4, 22 yet unsaved: 11:14
Man has a freewill and can choose to do good or evil: Josh 24:15 "Choose this day..."
C. God requires man to act and do something to be saved...infants can't act or do
"Unless you repent you will perish": Lk 13:3
"Save yourselves": Acts 2:40 KJV
"Repent and be baptized every one of you for forgiveness of sins": Acts 2:38
Why are we told to "work out our own salvation": Phil 2:12
The spoken and written gospel message is God's power for salvation: Rom 1:16; 1 cor 1:18
D. The words used to describe salvation refute inherited sin:
These words imply that we, individually, were once in God's grace at conception and birth
Justification - Romans 5:18
A court term; a legal word
Addresses the subject of our guilt before God
Reconciliation - Romans 5:6-11; Col 1:14,20,21
A word dealing with social intercourse; human relations; to make friendly again, payment of a price to recover from the power of another, a restoration to favor.
Addresses the subject of our being estranged from God
Redemption - Colossians 1:13-14
to buy back; A slavery term; human commerce; purchasing one's freedom; a ransom
Addresses the subject of our slavery to sin
"Regenerate"
to generate again, renewed, restored
E. The Bible describes infants are pure and holy:
Why would Jesus use infants as a model for all believers to imitate in character if they were "utterly indisposed, disabled, and made opposite to all good, and wholly inclined to all evil"? Mt 18:1-3; 19:13-14
Paul also used infants as a model of purity for Christians to follow: 1 Cor 14:20
Paul states that he was once spiritually alive but then he sinned & died/was killed: Rom 7:9-11
God said that the king of Tyrus was "blameless in your ways from the day you were created, until unrighteousness was found in you." Ezek 28:15
"God made men upright but they sought devices" Eccl 7:29 (plural can't refer only to Adam)
Newborns do not know the difference between good and evil
God allowed the children to enter Canaan but not the parents: "your little ones who...have no knowledge of good and evil shall enter". Deut 1:34-39
Jesus "Before He knows enough to refuse evil and choose good" Isa 7:15-16
Jer 19:2-6 human sacrifices of children to Baal is called the "blood of the innocent"
If newborns do not know "good or evil" yet the Bible says , "Your sins have separated you from your God" (Isa 59:1-2) then newborns must be born united with God.
Apostle Paul: Rom 7:9-11
"Once alive"
"sin killed me"
King of Tyre: Ezek 28:15
"Blameless from creation"
"until sin found in him"
All men: Eccl 7:29
God made men upright
They sought out devices