I don't know the answer, hence the thread, where both the metaphoric and literal can be discussed.
Thanks, vis. Let me poke and prod a little.
I think that it’s fair to believe that it’s in regard to God’s promise to David that we are searching here.
I have made a covenant with My chosen,
I have sworn unto David My servant:
For ever will I establish thy seed,
And build up thy throne to all generations.’ 1 Kings 9:4,5
And we know that David confirmed that Solomon would sit upon his (David’s) throne:
The king vowed and said, "As the LORD lives, who has redeemed my life from all distress, surely as I vowed to you by the LORD the God of Israel, saying, 'Your son Solomon shall be king after me, and he shall sit on my throne in my place'; I will indeed do so this day." 1 Kings 1:29,30
A cursory search of Scripture does not yield to me a description of David’s physical throne/chair that he sat upon, but there
is a description of the throne that Solomon had built for himself.
…Moreover, the king made a great throne of ivory and overlaid it with refined gold. There were six steps to the throne and a round top to the throne at its rear, and arms on each side of the seat, and two lions standing beside the arms. Twelve lions were standing there on the six steps on the one side and on the other; nothing like it was made for any other kingdom.… 1 Kings 10:18-20
Hence this physical seat, being made after the death of David, indicates to me that Solomon did not (always) sit upon the physical throne of David, yet it can be truly said that Solomon sat upon David’s throne. This leads me to lean to the idea that “David’s throne to all generations” is emblematic of David’s kingdom and not his physical chair, if you will.
We also know, from Ezekiel, that God has a throne in heaven.
…And above the firmament that was over their heads was the likeness of a throne, as the appearance of a sapphire stone: and upon the likeness of the throne was the likeness as the appearance of a man above upon it. And I saw as the colour of amber, as the appearance of fire round about within it, from the appearance of his loins even upward, and from the appearance of his loins even downward, I saw as it were the appearance of fire, and it had brightness round about… Ezekiel 1:26,27
This throne in Heaven is obviously not the physical throne that David sat upon. We also know that the king of Babylon carried off all significant treasures in Jerusalem, although it doesn’t seem clear that he cut anything specific in pieces except for
“…all the vessels of gold …in the temple of the LORD…”.
He [i.e. the king of Babylon] carried out from there all the treasures of the house of the LORD, and the treasures of the king's house, and cut in pieces all the vessels of gold which Solomon king of Israel had made in the temple of the LORD, just as the LORD had said. 2 Kings 24:13
So, I believe that David certainly had a physical chair to sit upon as king of Israel. It’s survival or destruction is unknown to us. I also don't recall Josephus as speaking of this chair, nor does any other secular source that I am aware of. I do not know if the Talmud speaks of this.
Solomon, David’s heir, had a new (probably more grandiose?) chair made for himself. It’s survival or destruction is also unknown to us so far as I am aware. God has a throne, described above by Ezekiel, that is far more glorious than Solomon's. His throne certainly survives to this day, may we all see it soon.
So, to me anyway, the important "throne of David" is the one spoken of in regard to the promise given to David, and I don't think that this was a chair being spoken of, especially since Solomon seems to not of had any problem (or rebuke) in making a new chair for himself. So it would seem that the important “throne of David” is David’s kingdom, which kingdom will certainly be ruled in person by David’s Son, in Jerusalem, during the Millennial Kingdom (may it be soon). And at that time He will be said to be sitting on David's throne. As to the physical chair that David sat upon, is it collecting dust somewhere waiting to be reused? - I doubt it, but if someone wants to insist that it is so, then I would be interested to see their evidence - not mere speculation - that such a belief is based upon.
Thanks for the exercise - and clarification - vis.