But how do we know what Jesus would think of all of this? I am worried that I am the one who is wrong. Can you give some scripture verses that might help?
Certainly.
First of all we must consider that Donald Trump, love or loathe him, is not in government by mistake. I am personally
not a fan of him, his actions or his history at all, but I
am a fan of Scripture and its authority. Romans 13:1-7 are excellent verses on this matter:
13 1 Every person is to be in subjection to the governing authorities.
For there is no authority except from God, and those which exist are established by God. 2 Therefore whoever resists authority has opposed the ordinance of God; and they who have opposed will receive condemnation upon themselves.
3 For rulers are not a cause of fear for good behavior, but for evil. Do you want to have no fear of authority? Do what is good and you will have praise from the same;
4 for it is a minister of God to you for good. But if you do what is evil, be afraid; for it does not bear the sword for nothing; for it is a minister of God, an avenger who brings wrath on the one who practices evil.
5 Therefore it is necessary to be in subjection, not only because of wrath, but also for conscience' sake.
6 For because of this you also pay taxes, for rulers are servants of God, devoting themselves to this very thing.
7 Render to all what is due them: tax to whom tax is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honor to whom honor.
It is my belief that, whether to hold us up or to test us, this still holds true and that Trump is in a position ordained by God. This is obviously a difficult thing to reconcile with at times, but it does not make it any less relevant to current events.
Same-sex marriage isn't something that can be discussed here really, but it's mine and a great many others' belief that your friends' statements are wrong and Scripture is pretty black and white on the matter, so that you can read for yourself and pray on.
What would Jesus think? Scripture already tells us of the many and the few. The many will constantly seek to undermine, subvert and attack the fabric of authority in Scripture. Just because there's a majority doesn't make them right.