What is Luke saying in this verse? What does he mean when he says "the second Sabbath after the first?"
Second Sabbath after the first....
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annier
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The Greek is deuteroprotos.
I think it had to do with eating from the new grain before the wave offering was brought.
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If it was during the counting of the Omer, the offering of the first fruits would have been already passed by the time of the second sabbath after the Passover.
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yonah_mishael
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The standard critical Greek text does not say this.
ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν σαββάτῳ διαπορεύεσθαι αὐτὸν διὰ σπορίμων, καὶ ἔτιλλον οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἤσθιον τοὺς στάχυας ψώχοντες ταῖς χερσίν.
The Textus Receptus reads in the following way.
ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν σαββάτῳ δευτεροπρώτῳ διαπορεύεσθαι αὐτὸν διὰ τῶν σπορίμων καὶ ἔτιλλον οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ τοὺς στάχυας καὶ ἤσθιον ψώχοντες ταῖς χερσίν.
This is the text behind the King James Version, which is what you quoted. See what Thayer’s lexicon says about the word δευτερόπρωτος on www.blueletterbible.org. The word is questionable in origin and probably doesn’t belong to the text appropriately.
It literally says “on the second-first Sabbath,” which doesn’t make sense to me at all.
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Thayer's "seems to be" looks to be in agreement that it is part of the counting of the Omer, thus second sabbath.
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daq
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Perhaps a short timeline, (meta=with/amid) might help explain which rendering is more appropriate:
First Passover - Gospel of John:
John 2:23 KJV
23. Now when he was in Jerusalem at the Passover, in the feast day, many believed in his name, when they saw the miracles which he did.
Pesach VII/VIII
Exodus 13:6 KJV
6. Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened bread, and in the seventh day shall be a feast to the Lord.
Pesach VII/VIII - Gospel of John:
John 5:1-4 KJV
1. After this there was a feast of the Jews; and Jesus went up to Jerusalem.
2. Now there is at Jerusalem by the sheep market a pool, which is called in the Hebrew tongue Bethesda, having five porches.
3. In these lay a great multitude of impotent folk, of blind, halt, withered, waiting for the moving of the water.
4. For an angel went down at a certain season into the pool, and troubled the water: whosoever then first after the troubling of the water stepped in was made whole of whatsoever disease he had.
5. And a certain man was there, which had an infirmity thirty and eight years.
6. When Jesus saw him lie, and knew that he had been now a long time in that case, he saith unto him, Wilt thou be made whole?
7. The impotent man answered him, Sir, I have no man, when the water is troubled, to put me into the pool: but while I am coming, another steppeth down before me.
8. Jesus saith unto him, Rise, take up thy bed, and walk.
9. And immediately the man was made whole, and took up his bed, and walked: and on the same day was the sabbath. [Pesach VII/VIII]
Pesach Sheni (Yeshua stays in Galilee)
John 6:4 KJV
4. And the Passover, a feast of the Jews, was nigh.
First Passover - Pesach VII/VIII - Gospel of Luke:
Luke 5:17-29 KJV
17. And it came to pass on a certain day, as he was teaching, that there were Pharisees and doctors of the law sitting by, which were come out of every town of Galilee, and Judaea, and Jerusalem: and the power of the Lord was present to heal them.
18. And, behold, men brought in a bed a man which was taken with a palsy: and they sought means to bring him in, and to lay him before him.
19. And when they could not find by what way they might bring him in because of the multitude, they went upon the housetop, and let him down through the tiling with his couch into the midst before Jesus.
20. And when he saw their faith, he said unto him, Man, thy sins are forgiven thee.
21. And the scribes and the Pharisees began to reason, saying, Who is this which speaketh blasphemies? Who can forgive sins, but God alone?
22. But when Jesus perceived their thoughts, he answering said unto them, What reason ye in your hearts?
23. Whether is easier, to say, Thy sins be forgiven thee; or to say, Rise up and walk?
24. But that ye may know that the Son of man hath power upon earth to forgive sins, (he said unto the sick of the palsy,) I say unto thee, Arise, and take up thy couch, and go into thine house.
25. And immediately he rose up before them, and took up that whereon he lay, and departed to his own house, glorifying God.
26. And they were all amazed, and they glorified God, and were filled with fear, saying, We have seen strange things to day.
27. And after these things he went forth, and saw a publican, named Levi, sitting at the receipt of custom: and he said unto him, Follow me.
28. And he left all, rose up, and followed him.
29. And Levi made him a great feast in his own house: and there was a great company of publicans and of others that sat down with them.
The paralytic man taking up his bed is the same story from John 5.
Luke 6:1 immediately follows the feast at the house of Levi.
First Passover - Gospel of John:
John 2:23 KJV
23. Now when he was in Jerusalem at the Passover, in the feast day, many believed in his name, when they saw the miracles which he did.
Pesach VII/VIII
Exodus 13:6 KJV
6. Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened bread, and in the seventh day shall be a feast to the Lord.
Pesach VII/VIII - Gospel of John:
John 5:1-4 KJV
1. After this there was a feast of the Jews; and Jesus went up to Jerusalem.
2. Now there is at Jerusalem by the sheep market a pool, which is called in the Hebrew tongue Bethesda, having five porches.
3. In these lay a great multitude of impotent folk, of blind, halt, withered, waiting for the moving of the water.
4. For an angel went down at a certain season into the pool, and troubled the water: whosoever then first after the troubling of the water stepped in was made whole of whatsoever disease he had.
5. And a certain man was there, which had an infirmity thirty and eight years.
6. When Jesus saw him lie, and knew that he had been now a long time in that case, he saith unto him, Wilt thou be made whole?
7. The impotent man answered him, Sir, I have no man, when the water is troubled, to put me into the pool: but while I am coming, another steppeth down before me.
8. Jesus saith unto him, Rise, take up thy bed, and walk.
9. And immediately the man was made whole, and took up his bed, and walked: and on the same day was the sabbath. [Pesach VII/VIII]
Pesach Sheni (Yeshua stays in Galilee)
John 6:4 KJV
4. And the Passover, a feast of the Jews, was nigh.
First Passover - Pesach VII/VIII - Gospel of Luke:
Luke 5:17-29 KJV
17. And it came to pass on a certain day, as he was teaching, that there were Pharisees and doctors of the law sitting by, which were come out of every town of Galilee, and Judaea, and Jerusalem: and the power of the Lord was present to heal them.
18. And, behold, men brought in a bed a man which was taken with a palsy: and they sought means to bring him in, and to lay him before him.
19. And when they could not find by what way they might bring him in because of the multitude, they went upon the housetop, and let him down through the tiling with his couch into the midst before Jesus.
20. And when he saw their faith, he said unto him, Man, thy sins are forgiven thee.
21. And the scribes and the Pharisees began to reason, saying, Who is this which speaketh blasphemies? Who can forgive sins, but God alone?
22. But when Jesus perceived their thoughts, he answering said unto them, What reason ye in your hearts?
23. Whether is easier, to say, Thy sins be forgiven thee; or to say, Rise up and walk?
24. But that ye may know that the Son of man hath power upon earth to forgive sins, (he said unto the sick of the palsy,) I say unto thee, Arise, and take up thy couch, and go into thine house.
25. And immediately he rose up before them, and took up that whereon he lay, and departed to his own house, glorifying God.
26. And they were all amazed, and they glorified God, and were filled with fear, saying, We have seen strange things to day.
27. And after these things he went forth, and saw a publican, named Levi, sitting at the receipt of custom: and he said unto him, Follow me.
28. And he left all, rose up, and followed him.
29. And Levi made him a great feast in his own house: and there was a great company of publicans and of others that sat down with them.
The paralytic man taking up his bed is the same story from John 5.
Luke 6:1 immediately follows the feast at the house of Levi.
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AbbaLove
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Perhaps the first Sabbath of the second month. By then the Omer Count will always have arrived at its third Sabbath with the daily count varying from day 15 to day 21 depending on the year. The third Sabbath of the Omer Count always occurs on the seventh day (1st Sabbath) of the second month of Iyar/Ziv (torahcalendar).
7 Iyar/Ziv - Jerusalem Walls Dedicated - 498 BCE - Nehemiah 1-3
The rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem was celebrated with great jubilation nearly 88 years after they were destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar.
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