Concerning the statement that the Catholic church refers to itself as the temple of the Lord, in order to better understand their beliefs please see the following from Catechism of the Catholic Church.
III. THE CHURCH IS THE TEMPLE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
797 "What the soul is to the human body, the Holy Spirit is to the Body of Christ, which is the Church."243 "To this Spirit of Christ, as an invisible principle, is to be ascribed the fact that all the parts of the body are joined one with the other and with their exalted head; for the whole Spirit of Christ is in the head, the whole Spirit is in the body, and the whole Spirit is in each of the members."244 The Holy Spirit makes the Church "the temple of the living God":245
Indeed, it is to the Church herself that the "Gift of God" has been entrusted. . . . In it is in her that communion with Christ has been deposited, that is to say: the Holy Spirit, the pledge of incorruptibility, the strengthening of our faith and the ladder of our ascent to God. . . . For where the Church is, there also is God's Spirit; where God's Spirit is, there is the Church and every grace.246
798 The Holy Spirit is "the principle of every vital and truly saving action in each part of the Body."247 He works in many ways to build up the whole Body in charity:248 by God's Word "which is able to build you up";249 by Baptism, through which he forms Christ's Body;250 by the sacraments, which give growth and healing to Christ's members; by "the grace of the apostles, which holds first place among his gifts";251 by the virtues, which make us act according to what is good; finally, by the many special graces (called "charisms"), by which he makes the faithful "fit and ready to undertake various tasks and offices for the renewal and building up of the Church."252
Catechism of the Catholic Church - The Church - People of God, Body of Christ, Temple of the Holy Spirit
Are these statements all presumably from Catechisme Catholiqu Populaire, published in
1903? The pope was given a gold phone as a gift from Catholics in the United States in 1930, on the occasion of connectin Vatican City phone system with the international community. It was used until 1963. Please see:
Golden Telephone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Top Level Telecommunications: Papal telephony
Perhaps this will help to explain the Catholic view of the title Prince of the Apostles.
1. St. Peter was Prince of the Apostles
“Prince of the Apostles” means that St. Peter held a certain primacy over the other eleven. Understanding St. Peter’s unique position among the twelve and the unique ministries he exercised lays an excellent groundwork for a discussion of Christ’s founding of the Papacy. There are three primary topics of focus for exploring the biblical articulation of the primacy of the Petrine ministry.
In Defense of the Papacy: 9 Reasons True Christians Follow the Pope | St. Peter's List
And:
Successor Of St. Peter, Prince Of The Apostles: Each pope stands in the place of St. Peter, who was the Prince of the Apostles, and each pope receives Peter's authority through the fourth mark of the Church: apostolic succession. The responsibility of shepherding all Catholics is placed upon the pope.
Pope-U-Lator.com / Papal Titles
It doesn't sound like the Pope elevates himself above the apostles, but that Catholics teach that he fills the same office as Peter the Apostle.
Please see below:
Pope
The most noteworthy of the titles are Papa, Summus Pontifex, Pontifex Maximus, Servus servorum Dei. The title pope (papa) was, as has been stated, at one time employed with far more latitude. In the East it has always been used to designate simple priests. In the Western Church, however, it seems from the beginning to have been restricted to bishops (Tertullian, On Modesty 13). It was apparently in the fourth century that it began to become a distinctive title of the Roman Pontiff. Pope Siricius (d. 398) seems so to use it (Ep. vi in P.L., XIII, 1164), and Ennodius of Pavia (d. 473) employs it still more clearly in this sense in a letter to Pope Symmachus (P.L., LXIII, 69). Yet as late as the seventh century St. Gall (d. 640) addresses Desiderius of Cahors as papa (P.L., LXXXVII, 265). Gregory VII finally prescribed that it should be confined to the successors of Peter.
Pontiff
The terms Pontifex Maximus, Summus Pontifex, were doubtless originally employed with reference to the Jewish high-priest, whose place the Christian bishops were regarded as holding each in his own diocese (Epistle of Clement 40). As regards the title Pontifex Maximus, especially in its application to the pope, there was further a reminiscence of the dignity attached to that title in pagan Rome. Tertullian, as has already been said, uses the phrase of Pope Callistus. Though his words are ironi
I will tell you one name I will not call him. Holy Father is a reserved word for God, as is Sir(sire) Father Abba Papa and the rest of them too. Your pontiff can get off his high horse and acknowledge the Lord is God and there is no other no not even us. And unless I want to submit to him about something he does not rule me and I don't care how many cardinals he has, I ain't kissin their stu... er rings either.