I'm not convinced there is a Catholic and Protestant version. I know as a Protestant that we have quoted both versions since both say the same thing
It's become traditional in many Protestant churches to add the words that used to be said by a priest to the prayer itself. I don't think it even occurs to people that is what they're doing, or why those churches started doing it that way (they were protesting).
For example, here is how it is done during Divine Liturgy:
Priest: And make us worthy, O Master, that with boldness and without condemnation we may dare to call on Thee, the heavenly God, as Father, and to say:
People: Our Father, Who art in heaven, Hallowed be Thy name; Thy Kingdom come; Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us, and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.
Priest: For Thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, now and ever, and unto ages of ages.
People: Amen.