I think we really don't know what the physical effects were on say Prophet Moses or other prophets mentioned in the Bible as most of these accounts were compiled many years later.. But we are told that Moses face was radiant when He descended Mount Sinai:
"When Moses came down from Mount Sinai with the two tablets of the Testimony in his hands, he was not aware that his face was radiant because he had spoken with the LORD."
- Exodus 34:29
The word is "qaran" and means radiant...
The effects on Prophet Muhammad physically are also not necessarily "negative" either.. but were noted by people around Him.
- Ubada b. Samit reported that when wahi descended upon Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him), he felt a burden on that account and the colour of his face underwent a change. (Sahih Muslim, Vol. 4, p. 1248).
There is an account though in the Bible that reminds me of the experience recorded on Mount Hira..
It is in Jeremiah...where it says:
"Ah, Lord GOD!" I said, "I know not how to speak; I am too young."
7 But the LORD answered me, Say not, "I am too young." To whomever I send you, you shall go; whatever I command you, you shall speak. 8 Have no fear before them, because I am with you to deliver you, says the LORD. 9 Then the LORD extended his hand and touched my mouth, saying, See, I place my words in your mouth!
Both Moses and Jeremiah make remonstrances that they are unworthy and similar thing occurs with the dawning of revelation in the case of Prophet Muhammad:
And here is the account of the revelation on Mount Hira:
One day suddenly, while he sat in a cave at Mount Hira, Gabriel, the Angel of Revelation, appeared to him and said,
`Recite!' He said in surprise, `What shall I recite?'
Again the divine voice very clearly and openly called out, `Recite, O Muhammad!'
And a third time Gabriel repeated,
"Recite in the Name of Your Lord Who created. He created the human being from a clot. Recite and your Lord is Most Honorable, Who taught (to write) with the pen, taught the human being what he knew not..."
Holy Quran (Alaq 96: 1-5)
- Art