[open]Covenants in New Testament

stone · May 26, 2006

EXCLUDEING THE BOOK OF HEBREWS

I'm still putting something together on Hebrews and i've been shown a possibility that it was written after the destruction of the temple so now i'm haveing to rexamine the book, and so far it makes sense, and it does sound like Pauls attitude, so that will probably be another week before i get around to the 2nd part of the post.

Now i think everyone here knows that i am a student studying the word so i'm just throwing things out to see how it is corrected and commented to aid in my growth and comprehension of these things.

I searched for the word covenant in the New Testament and commented on each useage of the word from the context that it was made. Excludeing Hebrews, i see nothing where a new covenant has been made.

Covenants in New Testament

This will be an explanation of the usage of the word covenant within the New Testament from the King James version. I found the word covenant used 20 times, sometimes twice within the same verse.

1.) Luke 1:72

- Lu 1:72
To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant;

Context:

Luke 1:67-80
67 And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Ghost, and prophesied, saying, 68 Blessed be the Lord God of Israel; for he hath visited and redeemed his people, 69 And hath raised up an horn of salvation for us in the house of his servant David; 70 As he spake by the mouth of his holy prophets, which have been since the world began: 71 That we should be saved from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us; 72 To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant; 73 The oath which he sware to our father Abraham, 74 That he would grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hand of our enemies might serve him without fear, 75 In holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our life. 76 And thou, child, shalt be called the prophet of the Highest: for thou shalt go before the face of the Lord to prepare his ways; 77 To give knowledge of salvation unto his people by the remission of their sins, 78 Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us, 79 To give light to them that sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace. 80 And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, and was in the deserts till the day of his shewing unto Israel.

Question:

Is the word covenant used here in relation to, “You will be my people and I will be your g-d?”

stone · May 26, 2006

2.) Acts 3:25

-Ac 3:25
Ye are the children of the prophets, and of the covenant which God made with our fathers, saying unto Abraham, And in thy seed shall all the kindreds of the earth be blessed.

Context:

Acts 3:12-26
12 And when Peter saw it, he answered unto the people, Ye men of Israel, why marvel ye at this? or why look ye so earnestly on us, as though by our own power or holiness we had made this man to walk? 13 The God of Abraham, and of Isaac, and of Jacob, the God of our fathers, hath glorified his Son Jesus; whom ye delivered up, and denied him in the presence of Pilate, when he was determined to let him go. 14 But ye denied the Holy One and the Just, and desired a murderer to be granted unto you; 15 And killed the Prince F6 of life, whom God hath raised from the dead; whereof we are witnesses. 16 And his name through faith in his name hath made this man strong, whom ye see and know: yea, the faith which is by him hath given him this perfect soundness in the presence of you all. 17 And now, brethren, I wot that through ignorance ye did it, as did also your rulers. 18 But those things, which God before had shewed by the mouth of all his prophets, that Christ should suffer, he hath so fulfilled. 19 Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that your sins may be blotted out, when the times of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord; 20 And he shall send Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you: 21 Whom the heaven must receive until the times of restitution of all things, which God hath spoken by the mouth of all his holy prophets since the world began. 22 For Moses truly said unto the fathers, A prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren, like unto me; him shall ye hear in all things whatsoever he shall say unto you. 23 And it shall come to pass, that every soul, which will not hear that prophet, shall be destroyed from among the people. 24 Yea, and all the prophets from Samuel and those that follow after, as many as have spoken, have likewise foretold of these days. 25 Ye are the children of the prophets, and of the covenant which God made with our fathers, saying unto Abraham, And in thy seed shall all the kindreds of the earth be blessed. 26 Unto you first God, having raised up his Son Jesus, sent him to bless you, in turning away every one of you from his iniquities.

Question:

Here within the context of the word we find the explanation of the usage of the word covenant.
- And in thy seed shall all the kindreds of the earth be blessed.

It looks like this applies to #1 above as well.

3.) Acts 7:8

Ac 7:8
And he gave him the covenant of circumcision: and so Abraham begat Isaac, and circumcised him the eighth day; and Isaac begat Jacob; and Jacob begat the twelve patriarchs.

Context:

Acts 7:1-16
1 Then said the high priest, Are these things so? 2 And he said, Men, brethren, and fathers, hearken; The God of glory appeared unto our father Abraham, when he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Charran, 3 And said unto him, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and come into the land which I shall shew thee. 4 Then came he out of the land of the Chaldaeans, and dwelt in Charran: and from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, wherein ye now dwell. 5 And he gave him none inheritance in it, no, not so much as to set his foot on: yet he promised that he would give it to him for a possession, and to his seed after him, when as yet he had no child. 6 And God spake on this wise, That his seed should sojourn in a strange land; and that they should bring them into bondage, and entreat them evil four hundred years. 7 And the nation to whom they shall be in bondage will I judge, said God: and after that shall they come forth, and serve me in this place. 8 And he gave him the covenant of circumcision: and so Abraham begat Isaac, and circumcised him the eighth day; and Isaac begat Jacob; and Jacob begat the twelve patriarchs. 9 And the patriarchs, moved with envy, sold Joseph into Egypt: but God was with him, 10 And delivered him out of all his afflictions, and gave him favour and wisdom in the sight of Pharaoh king of Egypt; and he made him governor over Egypt and all his house. 11 Now there came a dearth over all the land of Egypt and Chanaan, and great affliction: and our fathers found no sustenance. 12 But when Jacob heard that there was corn in Egypt, he sent out our fathers first. 13 And at the second time Joseph was made known to his brethren; and Joseph's kindred was made known unto Pharaoh. 14 Then sent Joseph, and called his father Jacob to him, and all his kindred, threescore and fifteen souls. 15 So Jacob went down into Egypt, and died, he, and our fathers, 16 And were carried over into Sychem, and laid in the sepulchre that Abraham bought for a sum of money of the sons of Emmor the father of Sychem.

Question:

The word is in direct relation to circumcision as a covenant.

NOTES:
Genesis 17:7-14
7 And I will establish my covenant between me and thee and thy seed after thee in their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be a God unto thee, and to thy seed after thee. 8 And I will give unto thee, and to thy seed after thee, the land wherein thou art a stranger, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession; and I will be their God. 9 And God said unto Abraham, Thou shalt keep my covenant therefore, thou, and thy seed after thee in their generations. 10 This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee; Every man child among you shall be circumcised. 11 And ye shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of the covenant betwixt me and you. 12 And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised among you, every man child in your generations, he that is born in the house, or bought with money of any stranger, which is not of thy seed. 13 He that is born in thy house, and he that is bought with thy money, must needs be circumcised: and my covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant. 14 And the uncircumcised man child whose flesh of his foreskin is not circumcised, that soul shall be cut off from his people; he hath broken my covenant.

*to break the covenant of circumcision means this:

- that soul shall be cut off from his people; he hath broken my covenant.

-the soul is cutoff, this is not a physical body, but a soul. Our souls will be within the kingdom of heaven, so then the people at this time, who did not do so, appears to be turned away from the kingdom to come.

All along, the covenant remains, You will be my people and I will be your g-d.

It sounds to me like the land comes from just keeping the part of the covenant you will be my people and in return because I will be your g-d that the land is just part of that package, a bonus for being his people.

And I will give unto thee, and to thy seed after thee, the land wherein thou art a stranger, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession; and I will be their God.

Final note

Circumcision is an agreement made between the seeds of Abraham and father, and father says that it is an everlasting covenant.

stone · May 26, 2006

4.)Romans 11:27

Ro 11:27
For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins.

CONTEXT:

Romans 11:1-32
1 I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid. For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin. 2 God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias how he maketh intercession to God against Israel, saying, 3 Lord, they have killed thy prophets, and digged down thine altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life. 4 But what saith the answer of God unto him? I have reserved to myself seven thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to the image of Baal. 5 Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace. 6 And if by grace, then is it no more of works: otherwise grace is no more grace. But if it be of works, then is it no more grace: otherwise work is no more work. 7 What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded 8 (According as it is written, God hath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should not hear

unto this day. 9 And David saith, Let their table be made a snare, and a trap, and a stumblingblock, and a recompence unto them: 10 Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back alway. 11 I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall? God forbid: but rather through their fall salvation is come unto the Gentiles, for to provoke them to jealousy. 12 Now if the fall of them be the riches of the world, and the diminishing of them the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their fulness? 13 For I speak to you Gentiles, inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I magnify mine office: 14 If by any means I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save some of them. 15 For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead? 16 For if the firstfruit be holy, the lump is also holy: and if the root be holy, so are the branches. 17 And if some of the branches be broken off, and thou, being a wild olive tree, wert graffed in among them, and with them partakest of the root and fatness of the olive tree; 18 Boast not against the branches. But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee. 19 Thou wilt say then, The branches were broken off, that I might be graffed in. 20 Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest by faith. Be not highminded, but fear: 21 For if God spared not the natural branches, take heed lest he also spare not thee. 22 Behold therefore the goodness and severity of God: on them which fell, severity; but toward thee, goodness, if thou continue in his goodness: otherwise thou also shalt be cut off. 23 And they also, if they abide not still in unbelief, shall be graffed in: for God is able to graff them in again. 24 For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and wert graffed contrary to nature into a good olive tree: how much more shall these, which be the natural branches, be graffed into their own olive tree? 25 For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in. 26 And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob: 27 For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins. 28 As concerning the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching the election, they are beloved for the fathers' sakes. 29 For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance. 30 For as ye in times past have not believed God, yet have now obtained mercy through their unbelief: 31 Even so have these also now not believed, that through your mercy they also may obtain mercy. 32 For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all.

NOTES

You will be my people, and I will be your g-d.

Now for gentiles, this is their time, however, as it is written, all of Israel will be saved. The above context explains this use of covenant in itself, and it is a warning to gentiles as well, it is meant to be.

5.) Galations 3:15

Ga 3:15
Brethren, I speak after the manner of men; Though it be but a man's covenant, yet if it be confirmed, no man disannulleth, or addeth thereto.

6.) Galatians 3:17

Ga 3:17
And this I say, that the covenant, that was confirmed before of God in Christ, the law, which was four hundred and thirty years after, cannot disannul, that it should make the promise of none effect.

CONTEXT:

Galatians 3:6-18
6 Even as Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him for righteousness. 7 Know ye therefore that they which are of faith, the same are the children of Abraham. 8 And the scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the heathen through faith, preached before the gospel unto Abraham, saying, In thee shall all nations be blessed. 9 So then they which be of faith are blessed with faithful Abraham. 10 For as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them. 11 But that no man is justified by the law in the sight of God, it is evident: for, The just shall live by faith. 12 And the law is not of faith: but, The man that doeth them shall live in them. 13 Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree: 14 That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith. 15 Brethren, I speak after the manner of men; Though it be but a man's covenant, yet if it be confirmed, no man disannulleth, or addeth thereto. 16 Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ. 17 And this I say, that the covenant, that was confirmed before of God in Christ, the law, which was four hundred and thirty years after, cannot disannul, that it should make the promise of none effect. 18 For if the inheritance be of the law, it is no more of promise: but God gave it to Abraham by promise.

NOTES:

It sounds like there was a problem with folks thinking that works would deliver blessings to them. All I see here is a mentioning of blessing and the promise of land, and that Abrahams faith in g-d was sufficient enough to keep his seed on the path to receive the land. This above doesn’t really say anything about a new covenant, all it says is that Abraham was told by g-d what he would receive to his seed, and his seed, the Hebrews did indeed receive the land, and that they did not receive the land by obeying the law, however, the error in this statement is that father made the children of Israel become circumcised before the land was given to them.

Henaynei · May 26, 2006

stone said:
Question:

Is the word covenant used here in relation to, You will be my people and I will be your g-d?

it seems to me that the passage answers the question:

Lukas 1:72 To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant; 73 The oath which he sware to our father Abraham, 74 That he would grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hand of our enemies might serve him without fear, 75 In holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our life.

the oath is the covenant... as I read it

b'Shalom
Henaynei

stone · May 26, 2006

Henaynei said:
it seems to me that the passage answers the question:

Lukas 1:72 To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant; 73 The oath which he sware to our father Abraham, 74 That he would grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hand of our enemies might serve him without fear, 75 In holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our life.

the oath is the covenant... as I read it

b'Shalom
Henaynei

that makes sense. That would indicate that they were oppressed for serveing him and worshipping while in captivity in Egypt right? That is sad. and still continues today in some parts of the world.

shmuel · May 26, 2006

that soul shall be cut off from his people; he hath broken my covenant.

-the soul is cutoff, this is not a physical body, but a soul. Our souls will be within the kingdom of heaven, so then the people at this time, who did not do so, appears to be turned away from the kingdom to come.

The Hebrew word translated as "soul" is "nefesh", nun-pe-shin, which denotes in this instance the essential self, the total person. Nefesh need not refer to that which is non-material. The Tanakh uses it on occasion to refer to a dead person, Num 6:6.

stone · May 26, 2006

shmuel said:
The Hebrew word translated as "soul" is "nefesh", nun-pe-shin, which denotes in this instance the essential self, the total person. Nefesh need not refer to that which is non-material. The Tanakh uses it on occasion to refer to a dead person, Num 6:6.

Do you think it speaks of the resurrection?

shmuel · May 26, 2006

Do you think it speaks of the resurrection?

No!

A translation using more modern English would use the word "person" rather than "soul" for "nefesh" in this case. And so the NASB does.

stone · May 26, 2006

shmuel said:
The Hebrew word translated as "soul" is "nefesh", nun-pe-shin, which denotes in this instance the essential self, the total person. Nefesh need not refer to that which is non-material. The Tanakh uses it on occasion to refer to a dead person, Num 6:6.

do you think it just means that person, is just turned away from the settlements or community's of the Hebrews?

Or are you trying to say that the Hebrews did not believe in a soul that lived after the flesh died?

shmuel · May 26, 2006

do you think it just means that person, is just turned away from the settlements or community's of the Hebrews?

That sounds reasonable. At this time the community consisted of Abraham, his family, and mainly his servants.

Or are you trying to say that the Hebrews did not believe in a soul that lived after the flesh died?

I am saying that the word "nefesh" is used to denote a number of concepts. The word "nefesh" in this verse simply denotes a person. Elsewhere it it used to denote other concepts, some of which might indicate an after life. But in this context the concept of an after life is not in view. You cannot tell from this verse anything about the concept of an after life held by the Hebrews.

Sephania · May 26, 2006

stone said:
EXCLUDEING THE BOOK OF HEBREWS

I'm still putting something together on Hebrews and i've been shown a possibility that it was written after the destruction of the temple so now i'm haveing to rexamine the book, and so far it makes sense, and it does sound like Pauls attitude, so that will probably be another week before i get around to the 2nd part of the post.

Now i think everyone here knows that i am a student studying the word so i'm just throwing things out to see how it is corrected and commented to aid in my growth and comprehension of these things.

I searched for the word covenant in the New Testament and commented on each useage of the word from the context that it was made. Excludeing Hebrews, i see nothing where a new covenant has been made.

Covenants in New Testament

This will be an explanation of the usage of the word covenant within the New Testament from the King James version. I found the word covenant used 20 times, sometimes twice within the same verse.

1.) Luke 1:72

- Lu 1:72
To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant;

Context:

Luke 1:67-80
67 And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Ghost, and prophesied, saying, 68 Blessed be the Lord God of Israel; for he hath visited and redeemed his people, 69 And hath raised up an horn of salvation for us in the house of his servant David; 70 As he spake by the mouth of his holy prophets, which have been since the world began: 71 That we should be saved from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us; 72 To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant; 73 The oath which he sware to our father Abraham, 74 That he would grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hand of our enemies might serve him without fear, 75 In holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our life. 76 And thou, child, shalt be called the prophet of the Highest: for thou shalt go before the face of the Lord to prepare his ways; 77 To give knowledge of salvation unto his people by the remission of their sins, 78 Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us, 79 To give light to them that sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace. 80 And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, and was in the deserts till the day of his shewing unto Israel.

Question:

Is the word covenant used here in relation to, “You will be my people and I will be your g-d?”

This should be a good study, stone,

for starting it.

I have only read this post so far and just wanted to add my comments off the top of my head before they get muddled with the other posts.
I know it seems to be referring to the covenant made with Abraham and then to Isaac and then Jacob, etc but This scripture in Luke made me think of Gen 3:15

6 And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat. 7 And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons. 8 And they heard the voice of the L-RD God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the L-RD God amongst the trees of the garden.
9 And the L-RD God called unto Adam, and said unto him, Where art thou? 10 And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself.
11 And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat? 12 And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat. 13 And the L-RD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.
14 And the L-RD God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life: 15 And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.
16 Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee.
17 And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life; 18 Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field; 19 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.
20 And Adam called his wife's name Eve; because she was the mother of all living. 21 Unto Adam also and to his wife did the L-RD God make coats of skins, and clothed them.

Here is the covanant in blue

Here is the blood of this covenant in red - make coats of skins, and clothed them

Animals had to be killed to have their skins to make coats from and the L-Rd clothed them, he covered them with these coats. Blood was shed a covering was made. And Yeshua's blood was the final shedding of blood for sin and His blood covers that sin for all who believe.

The first chapter of Luke is speaking about the promise of the coming of Messiah and that was made back in the garden in 3:15

stone · May 26, 2006

Zayit said:
The first chapter of Luke is speaking about the promise of the coming of Messiah and that was made back in the garden in 3:15

It sure is!

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[open]Covenants in New Testament

stone

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Henaynei

Sh'ma Yisrael, Adonai Echud! Al pi Adonai...

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shmuel

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