Sorry, I didn't understand what happens to those who haven't heard the gospel. Are they judge by the law of their conscience? Or do they go to perdition because they weren't raised at the return of Christ?
God saves people throughout the tribulation and the 1000 year reign of Christ, he saves people at the Great White Throne judgment. We know people are saved there because of the parable of the sheep and goats and, those on the right are saved. Now as for the law, it never provided righteousness, it bears witness to a righteousness that is by faith. This person who never heard the gospel or learned the law still has the revelation of God's divine attributes, eternal nature and also the witness of conscience:
For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who suppress the truth in unrighteousness, because what may be known of God is manifest in them, for God has shown it to them. For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even His eternal power and Godhead, so that they are without excuse, because, although they knew God, they did not glorify Him as God, nor were thankful, but became futile in their thoughts, and their foolish hearts were darkened. (Rom. 1: 18-21)
The Scriptures make it clear that God judges based on the condition of the heart, something we won't understand till the last day:
Therefore judge nothing before the appointed time; wait until the Lord comes. He will bring to light what is hidden in darkness and will expose the motives of the heart. At that time each will receive their praise from God. (1 Cor. 4:5)
In Romans Moses quotes from the law, apparently we are not supposed to ask who is going to hell and who is going to heaven:
But the righteousness of faith speaks in this way, “Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will ascend into heaven?’” (that is, to bring Christ down from above) or, “‘Who will descend into the abyss?’” (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead). But what does it say? “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart” (that is, the word of faith which we preach): that if you confess with your mouth the Lord Jesus and believe in your heart that God has raised Him from the dead, you will be saved (Rom. 10:6-9)
I like to look around here for Bible studies and the one thing I always look for is the gospel. People speak of persons of faith but in a Christian context faith in Christ is what differentiates between religious Christians and those who know him personally. Paul is telling us here, this is how 'the righteousness of faith speaks', avoiding the trappings of speculations concerning final judgment and proclaiming the gospel, sowing the word in the hearts of whosoever will. We know that God saves everyone that can be saved, at final judgment unless they have permanently ruined their souls by hardening their heart against the revelation they do have, the light that comes to every soul that comes into the world, along with their witness of conscience, God can save them at final judgment. We cannot know for sure, which is why are are to judge nothing before the appointed time. We are trusting God for our salvation so we must trust him to judge righteously on the final day.
Grace and peace,
Mark