Notes: Micah 1:15 To Zechariah 1:17

*Micah 1:15 / *Mic. 1:15 -

"Mareshah" (H4762), which means "summit", refers to a city in Judah (Joshua 15:44,21) which was built up as a defensive city (2 Chronicles 11:8,5) southwest of Jerusalem. It was the location of a great, victorious battle by the Jews against a million Ethiopians (2 Chronicles 14:9-12). It was also the home of the prophet Eliezer (2 Chronicles 20:37).

"Adullam" (H5725) also refers to a city (Joshua 12:15) southwest of Jerusalem. Nearby Adullam was a cave in which David was kept safe from Saul (1 Samuel 22:1). Rehoboam later built up Adullam as a defensive city (2 Chronicles 11:7,5). After the Jews returned from their Babylonian captivity, they reinhabited Adullam (Nehemiah 11:30).

So both Mareshah and Adullam were auspicious places for the Jews. In Micah 1:15 the "heir" who would come to both places could himself be the "glory (chabod) of Israel", and so would be the Messiah Himself. For He is the ultimate heir (Isaiah 9:6-7) and ultimate glory (chabod) of Israel (Isaiah 60:2b-3), the antithesis of Ichabod ("No glory"), who represented the glory departing from Israel (1 Samuel 4:21).

Also, "Mareshah" (H4762) is akin to "Marashah" (H4761), which can mean headship, dominion, which again would point to the Messiah (Isaiah 9:6-7), who is Jesus Christ (John 1:41, John 4:25-26, Matthew 16:13-17).

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*Micah 2:12-13 / *Mic. 2:12 -

This refers to a restoration of the Jews to their land after the future, Second Coming of Jesus Christ, who is the King and YHWH in Micah 2:13b.

(See John 1:1 below)

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*Micah 3:12 / *Mic. 3:12 -

The prophet Micah prophesied in the time of Jewish King Hezekiah (Micah 1:1). So Micah 3:12 could have been a prophecy of the subsequent destruction of Jerusalem by the Babylonians in 586 BC.

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*Micah 4:1-8,13 / *Mic. 4:1 -

This is a prophecy of the future time of the Millennium (of Revelation 20:4-6).

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*Micah 4:3 / *Mic. 4:3 -

See Isaiah 2:4 above.

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*Micah 4:4 / *Mic. 4:4 -

(Re: The future Millennium and the *environment) / (*Technology)

When Jesus Christ returns, He will destroy the destroyers of the earth (Revelation 11:18c), and make ravaged parts of the earth like the Garden of Eden (Isaiah 51:3, Ezekiel 36:35).

Artificial global-warming, pollution, and resource depletion are all problems created by a technology-based civilization as opposed to one based on agriculture and handicrafts, like at Jesus Christ's first coming. He could take us back to that, at His return, so that we will not spend our days staring down into our smartphones, and at computer screens in dreary cubicles in high-rise office towers. Instead, we will go back to farming and ranching (Isaiah 30:23-25), and sleeping in the woods on warm summer nights (Ezekiel 34:25).

We will never go hungry, because the returned Jesus Christ will give us a staple crop, a "plant of renown", to grow in our fields and end hunger (Ezekiel 34:29).

There will be no unemployment, because there will be no technological machines taking jobs away from people. Instead of a diesel-powered tractor doing the work of 1,000 people in a field, we will go back to hand-plowing with horses and oxen, and hand-harvesting with scythes and songs. Instead of a huge, electric-powered, factory loom-machine doing the work of 1,000 people, we will go back to foot and hand-powered looms, and cloth-makers working at their own pace in their own homes.

Instead of millions of people living in stinking hovels in inner cities infested with cockroaches, drugs, and crime, everyone will get their own parcel of land out in the countryside to live on, and to work on, growing their own food, making their own handicrafts, trading at the village market for all that they need.

Instead of everyone stuck at night in front of glowing blue screens watching froth or filth, with no one talking to each other, they will actually get to talk to each other at night, and read the Bible out loud, and sing hymns and tell stories in front of the fire until bedtime.

Instead of all of the cancer-causing chemicals in plastics, pesticides, and car exhaust, and all of the constant electromagnetic radiation from cell phone towers, radio-broadcast towers, TV-broadcast towers, and electric power lines, whether strung overhead or buried right beneath our feet, we will go back to making everything that we need from natural wood, clay, and glass, and building birdhouses in the fields to attract the birds to eat the bugs, and using olive oil for lamps, and wax candles for light at night. And anything that electric machines and combustion engines do for us now, we will do for ourselves with our own two hands and feet. The exercise will do us good, and will end the epidemics of obesity and anxiety.

Instead of all of the diabetes, heart-attack, and cancer-causing processed foods laden with bleached flour, sugar, hydrogenated fats, trans fats, growth hormones, antibiotics, monosodium glutamate, "BHT added to packaging to preserve freshness", and sodium benzoate poisoning us to our very cores, we will go back to eating food the way that God intended for us to eat it: fresh and hearty right from the garden, field, and farm, completely natural, and free of all added chemicals.

Instead of cramming 10,000 chickens into a little automated feeding shed so dimly lit that they can barely see anything, and have no room to move around freely; and instead of cramming cattle into huge barns packed with tiny, foul-smelling stalls filled with their own excrement, they will actually get set free to walk across fields of grass and lay down under the sunny sky; and the chickens will be running freely all over the place, constantly and happily pecking at the slightest specks upon the ground.

Instead of our rushing all over the place stressed out all of the time and working as wage slaves longer and longer hours for less and less real wages, we will live much slower and less stressful lives, working at manual jobs in our own homes and farms at our own pace, growing crops, milking cattle, collecting eggs, cutting firewood, boiling clothes, sweeping the house, making furniture, and cloth, and horseshoes, and preserves, and grape juice and wine, resting whenever we please, taking our time with everything, stopping to chat, or nap, or just talk a walk through the woods beside a flowing stream (cf. Isaiah 30:25).

We will live at the pace that God intended for us to live, and we will sleep soundly every night without any worries or fears, for we will have everything that we need, and we will be completely safe (Micah 4:4).

And how the environment will groan a sigh of relief. Over time, it will be able to restore itself naturally to its original purity and splendor.

--

*Micah 4:9-13 / *Mic. 4:9 / *Mic. 4:11 -

If Micah 4:9-10 was not a prophecy of the Jews' Babylonian captivity in the sixth century BC, then Micah 4:9-13 could refer to what will happen right before, at, and after Jesus Christ's future, Second Coming (Zechariah 14).

--

*Micah 5:3 / *Mic. 5:3 -

Here, "therefore will he give them up" could refer to when Jesus Christ (whose birth in Bethlehem had just been referred to in Micah 5:2) gave up on the unbelieving Jews, and turned His attention to the Church (Matthew 21:43; cf. 1 Peter 2:9), which consists of all Jewish Christians and Gentile Christians (1 Corinthians 12:13). This giving up could be the same as the casting off of the unbelieving natural branches (the unbelieving genetic Jews) from the tree of believing Israel (Romans 11:20a).

In Micah 5:3, "until the time that she which travaileth hath brought forth" could refer to the Church travailing during the future Tribulation of Revelation chapters 6 to 18 and Matthew 24 (Revelation 12:2), and then the catching up of the 144,000 male-virgins part of the Church as the "man child" into heaven, right before the literal, 42-month worldwide reign of the future Antichrist begins (Revelation 12:5-6, Revelation 14:1-5 Textus Receptus).

In Micah 5:3, "then the remnant of his brethren shall return unto the children of Israel" could refer to all of the non-Christian elect Jews (Jesus Christ's genetic brethren, as He is a genetic Jew: John 4:9,22) who will still be alive at His Second Coming (immediately after the future Tribulation: Matthew 24:29-30), and who will all become Christians when they see the physically returned Jesus in person and believe in Him (Romans 11:26-29, Zechariah 12:10-14, Zechariah 13:1,6). At that time, they will all be grafted back into (return unto) the good olive tree of believing Israel (Romans 11:23).

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*Micah 5:5 / *Mic. 5:5 -

Here, "the Assyrian shall come into our land" could refer to when the future Antichrist and his world armies will pillage Jerusalem right before Jesus Christ's Second Coming (Zechariah 14:2-4, Daniel 11:45) and Jesus' defeat of the Antichrist (Isaiah 30:30-33, Revelation 19:20). The subsequent successful fighting by the Jews in Zechariah 14:14 and Zechariah 12:6-8 could include what Micah 5:5b-6a is referring to.

The ancient Assyrian empire included Lebanon, and the Antichrist could have Assyrian blood in him.

(See the "Druze" section of Revelation 13:4 below. Also, see Daniel 7(space) above)

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*Micah 5:11 / *Mic. 5:11 -

This, like its context (Micah 5:5-15), could refer to Jesus Christ's future, Second Coming and the subsequent Millennium.

(See also Micah 5:5 above)

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*Micah 6:8 / *Mic. 6:8 -

This does not contradict that works are required for ultimate salvation (Romans 2:6-8, Philippians 2:12, Hebrews 5:9).

(See Ephesians 2:8 below)

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*Micah 6:9 / *Mic. 6:9 -

The original Hebrew word (shama`: H8085) translated as "hear" literally means just that. But it can be used figuratively in the sense of "consider" (1 Kings 5:8).

--

*Micah 7:2 / *Mic. 7:2 -

This verse is the prophet Micah (Micah 7:1) referring to how evil the ancient northern kingdom of Israel had become (Micah 6:16). In Micah 7:2 the original Hebrew word ('erets: H0776) translated as "earth" can be translated as "the land" (Micah 7:13).

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*Micah 7:5-7 / *Mic. 7:5 -

(Re: Should someone *trust only God?)

It can be a good thing to trust only God (Micah 7:5-7, Jeremiah 9:4, Psalms 118:8, Proverbs 28:26, John 2:24-25).

--

*Micah 7:12 / *Mic. 7:12 -

This could refer to people from all nations coming to worship God in a rebuilt Jerusalem (Micah 7:11) during the future Millennium (Micah 4:1-4).

--

*Micah 7:19 / *Mic. 7:19 -

The principle here would apply only to all sins which have been repented from and confessed to God (1 John 1:9), not to any unrepentant sins (Hebrews 10:26-29; 1 Corinthians 9:27, Luke 12:45-46).

--

*Nahum / *Nah. -

Nahum prophesied the fall of ancient Assyria (Nahum 3:18) with the sack of its capital Nineveh (Nahum 3:7, Nahum 1:1, Nahum 2:8) in 612 BC.

--

*Nahum 1:4-5 / *Nah. 1:4 -

This is a general statement regarding God's power. That is why it refers to places other than Nineveh.

--

*Nahum 1:5 / *Nah. 1:5 -

See 2 Peter 3:10 below.

--

*Nahum 1:9b / *Nah. 1:9b -

This could mean that God would make an utter end of ancient Nineveh, and would not have to afflict it more than once. And, indeed, Nineveh's ruins are still there today, by the city of Mosul, in what is now called Iraq.

--

*Nahum 1:10 / *Nah. 1:10 -

The original Hebrew word (cabak: H5440) translated as "folden together" can mean "entwined".

~

(Devoured)

See the first Nahum entry above...

So Nahum 1:10 can refer to physical bodies at that time being burned up. It does not require that the future, resurrection bodies of non-Christians in the lake of fire (Revelation 20:11-15) will ever be burned up (Mark 9:45-46).

(See Mark 9:45 below)

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*Nahum 1:12b-13 / *Nah. 1:12b -

This can mean that God would not afflict Judah through Nineveh (Assyria) anymore (Nahum 1:15b).

--

*Nahum 2:1 / *Nah. 2:1 -

The original Hebrew word (metsuwrah: H4694) translated as "munition" can mean "fortification" (Isaiah 29:3).

--

*Nahum 2:7 / *Nah. 2:7 -

"Huzzab" (natsab: H5324) can literally mean "the standing one" (cf. Amos 9:1). Or, it can be used figuratively to mean "the established one" (cf. Proverbs 15:25), which in this case could be the city of Nineveh itself, which was the established capital of the vast Assyrian empire. Or, perhaps Huzzab was an established queen or empress within Nineveh's palace (in Nahum 2:6b). Or, because the original Hebrew word (heykal: H1964) translated there as "palace" can refer to a "temple" (Habakkuk 2:20), the established one, or standing one, in Nahum 2:7 could have been a huge statue of a pagan goddess which stood in Nineveh's main temple, and which was ministered to by priestesses, "her maids" in Nahum 2:7. At the fall of Nineveh, her maids could have walked before the huge statue as it was led forth from the city on a huge cart (as a spoil of war), weeping and beating their breasts over her defeat (Nahum 2:7b).

--

*Nahum 3:4 / *Nah. 3:4 -

While this refers to Nineveh (Nahum 3:7) as a harlot, Nahum 3:4 might also include reference to the more-general, symbolic harlot Mystery Babylon (Revelation chapters 17-18) while she figuratively sat on Nineveh, the capital of the ancient Assyrian empire, which empire could have been the second of the seven heads of the symbolic beast on which Mystery Babylon sits (Revelation 17:3,5,9-10).

(See Revelation 13:1 below, and Ezekiel 16(space) above)

--

*Nahum 3:19 / *Nah. 3:19 -

The original Hebrew word (shema`: H8088) translated as "bruit" (like the English word, pronounced broot) can mean "report" (Isaiah 23:5) in the sense of "tidings" (Jeremiah 37:5), in this case tidings of what had happened to the king of Assyria in Nahum 3:18.

--

*Habakkuk 1:6 / *Hab. 1:6 -

(Re: Are these end time Chaldeans?)

Habakkuk 1:6 could be referring to the ancient Chaldeans (Babylonians) in the days of the prophet Habakkuk (Habakkuk 1:5) about 600 BC. The original Hebrew word (qets: H7093) translated as "at the end" in Habakkuk 2:3 can be translated simply as "after", in the sense of after a certain number of years (Daniel 11:13).

So "at the end" in Habakkuk 2:3 can mean at the end of the ancient period of time between the time that the vision was given to the prophet Habakkuk, and the "appointed time" (Habakkuk 2:3) when it was fulfilled. That is, Habakkuk 2:3 can mean that the ancient Babylonians would certainly, eventually, conquer nations (Habakkuk 1:6-10), just as in the end they would even conquer and destroy Jerusalem in 586 BC. For compare Jeremiah 52:8 and Habakkuk 1:8. Compare Jeremiah 52:14-15 and Habakkuk 1:9. Compare Jeremiah 52:10-11 and Habakkuk 1:10a. And compare Jeremiah 52:5,7a and Habakkuk 1:10b.

Also, Habakkuk 2:3 can refer not only to the certainty of the fulfillment of the prior vision in Habakkuk 1:6-10, but also to the certainty of the fulfillment of the subsequent vision of what could refer to Jesus Christ's future, Second Coming (Habakkuk 3:4-6).

(See also Hebrews 10:37 below)

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*Habakkuk 1:7b / *Hab. 1:7b -

See Luke 17:10 below.

--

*Habakkuk 2:3 / *Hab. 2:3 -

See Habakkuk 1:6 above.

--

*Habakkuk 2:6 / *Hab. 2:6 -

The original Hebrew word (`abtiyt: H5671) translated as "thick clay" can refer to pawned goods.

--

*Habakkuk 2:13 / *Hab. 2:13 -

The phrases "in the very" and "for very" are the same word (day: H1767) in the original Hebrew. So the Hebrew translated as: "the people shall labour in the very fire" could have a parallel meaning to the subsequent phrase: "and the people shall weary themselves for very vanity". That is, the first Hebrew phrase could mean: "the people shall labour for that which fire can burn", that is, for things which are not lasting (John 6:27).

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*Habakkuk 2:16 / *Hab. 2:16 -

Here there is no Hebrew word equivalent to "for" between "shame" and "glory" (there is no word at all between them). But the original Hebrew can still mean the same as it was translated, so long as the phrase: "Thou art filled with shame for glory" is not read as: "Thou art ashamed of glory", but as: "Thou art filled with shame instead of glory", like how at the end of the same verse, a phrase of parallel meaning is found: "and shameful spewing shall be on thy glory", meaning that shame shall cover those who formerly had glory.

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*Habakkuk 2:17 / *Hab. 2:17 -

The original Hebrew word (shod: H7701) translated as "spoil" can refer to violence or "destruction" (Joel 1:15). Also, there is no Hebrew word equivalent to "of" between "spoil" and "beasts" (there is no word at all between them). So the Hebrew translated as: "spoil of beasts" could mean: "spoil by beasts", in the sense of violence by wild beasts against humans. Compare what Revelation 6:8c says.

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*Habakkuk 3:1 / *Hab. 3:1 -

"Shigionoth" (H7692) refers to an especially emotional type of poem with an irregular structure.

--

*Habakkuk 3:4 / *Hab. 3:4 -

This could refer to the brightness of Jesus Christ's future, Second Coming (2 Thessalonians 2:8b). In Habakkuk 3:4 the original Hebrew word (chebyown: H2253) translated as "hiding" can refer to a concealment (Strong's Hebrew Dictionary). But it can simply mean that some of Jesus' power at His Second Coming will be contained within horns which will miraculously (and temporarily) protrude from His hand at that time.

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*Habakkuk 3:12 / *Hab. 3:12 -

This brings to mind Jesus Christ's future, Second Coming (Zechariah 14:3).

--

*Zephaniah / *Zeph. -

Zephaniah prophesied the destruction of Judah and neighboring countries (Zephaniah 1:4 to 2:5) by the Babylonians in the sixth century BC.

--

*Zephaniah 1:4 / *Zeph. 1:4 -

Chemarims (H3649) can refer to ascetics, in this case laity (as distinguished from the priests in the verse) who practiced asceticism as part of their worship of the pagan god Baal.

--

*Zephaniah 1:5 / *Zeph. 1:5 -

"Malcham" (H4445), elsewhere transliterated as "Milcom", referred to the pagan god of the Ammonites (1 Kings 11:33), who lived just east of ancient Israel.

--

*Zephaniah 1:11 / *Zeph. 1:11 -

"Maktesh" (H4389) could have referred to a prominent market in ancient Jerusalem.

--

*Zephaniah 1:14-18 / *Zeph. 1:14 / *Zeph. 1:18 -

This refers to an ancient day of the Lord, like, for example, the ancient day of the Lord in Jeremiah 46:2,10. In its context, Zephaniah 1:14-18 was prophesying the destruction of...

(See the first entry under Zephaniah above)

--

*Zephaniah 2:4-15 / *Zeph. 2:4 -

Zephaniah 2:4-5 can refer to the defeat of ancient Philistia by the Babylonians in the sixth century BC.

Zephaniah 2:6-7 can refer to some Jews living in Philistia after returning from their Babylonian captivity.

Zephaniah 2:8-10 can refer to the ancient nations of Moab and Ammon magnifying themselves against Judah at its defeat by the Babylonians, not realizing that they too would be defeated by the Babylonians, and that Jews would live in their lands after the Jews' return from their Babylonian captivity.

Zephaniah 2:11 will not be fulfilled until the future Millennium (Zechariah 14:9,16-19).

Zephaniah 2:12 can refer to an ancient defeat of the Ethiopians.

Zephaniah 2:13-15 refers to the defeat of Nineveh and the Assyrian empire by the Babylonians in 612 BC.

--

*Zephaniah 3:8-9 / *Zeph. 3:8 / *Zeph. 3:9 -

Zephaniah 3:8 could refer to the gathering of the nations to Jerusalem right before Jesus Christ's future, Second Coming (Zechariah 14:2-21) in flaming fire (2 Thessalonians 1:7-10), followed by the Millennium in Zephaniah 3:9 (cf. Zechariah 14:16).

--

*Haggai 2:6-7 / *Hag. 2:6 -

(Re: Hebrews 12:26-29)

Hebrews 12:26-29 does not say or mean that Haggai 2:6 has happened yet. In Haggai 2:6-7 the desire of all nations (Revelation 5:9) who will come right after the shaking of heaven (Matthew 24:29), and earth (Revelation 16:18,20), and all nations (Revelation 16:19), is Jesus Christ at His future, Second Coming, immediately after the future Tribulation of Revelation chapters 6 to 18 and Matthew 24 (Matthew 24:29-31; 2 Thessalonians 2:1-8, Revelation 19:7 to 20:6).

--

*Haggai 2:12 / *Hag. 2:12 -

The original Hebrew word (naziyd: H5138) translated as "pottage", like the English word, can refer to soup.

--

*Zechariah 1:8-11 / *Zech. 1:8 -

The man riding the red horse (Zechariah 1:8a), and the other, unnumbered horses behind him (Zechariah 1:8b), just as the four chariots seen later (Zechariah 6:1-3), could have been spirits sent forth from God (Zechariah 1:10, cf. Zechariah 6:5-7) back in the time of the prophet Zechariah (Zechariah 1:11-12, cf. Zechariah 6:8) in the sixth century BC.

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